Psychology chapter 1 quiz for exam – Flashcards

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question
When Rashid graduated from college, he believed he had finally achieved his full potential. Abraham Maslow called this type of achievement:
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self-actualization
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How does humanism differ from psychodynamic theory and behaviorism?
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Humanism focuses on people's ability to direct their own lives.
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Which early perspective in psychology, associated with William James, focused on how the mind allows people to adapt, live, work, and play?
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functionalism
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________ was denied a Ph.D. because she was a woman. She went on to achieve many professional accomplishments, including becoming the first female president of the American Psychological Association in 1905.
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Mary Whiton Calkins
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Testing the hypothesis is all about the goal of ________ a behavior.
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controlling
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Studying children's interactions by watching them play on the school playground is an example of:
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naturalistic observation
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Dr. Mason observes that the students in her class who read both the text and visual aid presentations tend to perform better on her exams than the students who simply read the text or visual aids alone. Dr. Mason's observation best depicts which goal of psychology?
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description
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Description involves ________ a person's behavior and noting everything about it.
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observing
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While the word critical is often viewed as meaning "negative," the use of this term in "critical thinking" is more related to the word ______.
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criteria
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_____ is the rule of thumb stating that if there are two explanations for a phenomenon, the simplest explanation is more often the best one.
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The law of parsimony
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