Psychology-Ch 17, 18, 19 – Flashcards
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In today's society:
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work, marriage, and parenting occur later than they used to
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Approximately what percentage of young adults in the United States rate their health as good, very good, or excellent?
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56.3
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Senescence begins:
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in late adolescence.
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During emerging adulthood, unprotected sex is likely, on average, to result in pregnancy within:
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3 months.
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Most emerging adults believe that the purpose of sex is:
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to strengthen pair bonding
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The baby boomers were born:
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1946-1964
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One major type of problem in emerging adults in the United States is
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anxiety disorder
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What percentage of emerging adults in the United States have an anxiety disorder?
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25
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A diagnosis of schizophrenia is most common from age ___________.
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18-24
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_________ is the body weight that your homeostatic mechanisms seek to maintain
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Set point
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Jamie is 6 feet 3 inches tall and weighs 210 pounds. He would be classified as:
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overweight
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In what stage of life are the greatest proportion of people within the normal range with respect to body weight?
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emerging adulthood
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Forms of recreation that include apparent risk or injury or death that are attractive and thrilling as a result are referred to as
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extreme sports
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Drug abuse:
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is harmful physically
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According to Johnston et al. (2009), what age group reports the most binge drinking?
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21-22
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The period of emerging adulthood occurs between __________ years old.
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18-25
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Members of which of the following age groups are LEAST likely to report feeling disabled by a chronic illness?
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18-24
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Sweating when it is hot is an example of:
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homeostasis
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In the United States, most 18-to-24-year-olds believe that premarital sex is
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not wrong at all
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Which is a common anxiety disorder?
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A) post-traumatic stress B) obsessive-compulsive disorder C) panic attacks D) All of these answers are correct Answer D All
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About ____ percent of all adults experience at least one episode of schizophrenia.
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1
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Exercise does all of the following EXCEPT
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make arthritis and osteoporosis more likely.
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How many emerging adults in the United States reach the standard of exercising 30 minutes a day five days a week?
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two-thirds
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A normal weight is
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between 20 and 25 BMI.
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____________ presumably makes people eat when they are hungry and stop eating when they are full.
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The set point
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Which are the three leading causes of death among people age 15 to 25?
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accidents homicide suicide
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Being a bicycle messenger is an example of:
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edgework
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According to the text __________ are the "telltale signs of addiction".
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withdrawal symptoms
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A method of reducing risky behavior among emerging adults that is based on their desire to follow standard social behavior is the:
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social norms approach
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The _______ approach studies how the brain encodes stores and retrieves information and the ______ approach evaluates whether a new level of cognition is reached by adults.
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information-processing; stage
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Todd is 26 and when he thinks about things he is more likely to be:
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A)practical. B) flexible. C) dialectical. D) All of these are correct.
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The category of self-description that includes high self-involvement and low self-doubt is called:
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protective
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A practical skill of postformal thought is the ability to:
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A practical skill of postformal thought is the ability to:
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Moshman's puzzle study on cognition showed that emerging adults have:
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cognitive flexibility
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John is a 20-year-old African American who believes that success in school is for females and whites. He may be experiencing
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stereotype threat
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___________ is the most advanced process of cognition.
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Dialectical thought
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Moral values are powerfully affected by
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culture and era
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The third stage of the development of faith exhibits
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a conformist acceptance of cultural values
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Kohlberg is to moral development as __________ is to development of faith.
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Fowler
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The primary reason for attending college is to __________ and the secondary reason for attending college is to _______________.
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learn specific skills; obtain a general education
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The second phase of a three-phase process of cognitive development in college students is that they:
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question personal and social values including doubts about the idea of truth
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Which of the following statements best reflects the change in the campus scene in the United States?
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More students are parents
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The most significant influence on whether an emerging adult attends college and once enrolled will graduate is
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family income
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A reason for the high drop-out rate of today's college students is that they
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lack the cultural knowledge or cognitive maturity to acquire the "social know-how" needed to navigate through college
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Thinking in adulthood is distinguished from earlier thinking in that it is
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more practical flexible and dialectical
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A stage of cognitive development that enables one to combine contradictory elements into a comprehensive whole is called
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postformal thought
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According to research by Labouvie-Vief (2006), no one under the age of 20 was in the advanced _________ stage of self-description
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integrated
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By accounting for _______ the mature adult becomes a more objective and powerful thinker.
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subjectivity
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The ability to come up with many solutions for a problem
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is a hallmark of postformal thought
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The possibility that one's appearance or behavior will be misread to confirm another's oversimplified prejudiced attitudes is called
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stereotype threat
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The third stage of dialectical thinking is referred to as
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synthesis
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The Defining Issues Test was developed by ______ to assess moral reasoning through ranking possible solutions to moral dilemmas.
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Rest
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People who have a powerful vision of universal compassion, love, and justice are at what stage of faith?
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Stage 6
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According to Fowler's development of faith
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progresses from a simple self-centered perspective to a more complex altruistic view
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More than half of all college students incur financial debt from student loans. As a result many college graduates
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worry about the impact of the debt on their economic future
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In Perry's scheme of cognitive and ethical development the fourth stage is the one in which
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students realize that authorities don't know the right answers and that students have a right to their own opinions
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The most obvious change in colleges worldwide in the last 30 years is the increased enrollment of
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women
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Generally students in college foster learning more if they are:
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a full-time student and work part-time
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The fifth of Erik Erikson's eight stages of development (identity versus role confusion) starts in adolescence; but unlike the past, it is completed
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later during adulthood
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Today, many young adults view their job as
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a way to earn money while they look for ways to satisfy their creative self-expressive impulses
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Research on personality reveals that it is
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A) genetically influenced B) environmentally influenced C) not fixed; plasticity is evident D) All of these answers are correct Answer D All
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Aggressive young adults
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rated themselves as quite conscientious
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During this stage, Erikson believed that adults seek someone with whom to share their lives in an enduring and self-sacrificing commitment
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intimacy versus isolation
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Of the following, which statement concerning close friendship is true?
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We earn our friends
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Generally men talk about ________ while women talk about _________.
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external matters; intimate and emotional matters
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In their friendship, it is unlikely that Jim and Dave would
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discuss their health
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In many nations parents arrange marriages between children. This is an example of
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children too young to be responsible for selecting a life partner
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Sternberg's form of love that includes passion and commitment, but not intimacy is referred to as:
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fatuous love
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According to Sternberg _______ involves reciprocal emotional closeness and sharing private thoughts and feelings and _______ involves mutual caregiving and forgiveness
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intimacy; commitment
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The facts that most people 20 to 30 years old are not married, that fewer adults marry, and that divorce is more common are all indications that:
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the tie between marriage and childbearing is loosening
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International research on the importance of communication between two partners found that
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A) constructive communication is not crucial for relationship satisfaction B) women can be more demanding and men more withdrawing C) harm from the demand/withdraw pattern is evident in the U.S. but not in other countries D) All of these answers are correct Answer D All
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Concerning domestic violence studies indicate that
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A) 12 percent of U.S. and Canadian men have abused their partner at least once B) the United States has a lower rate of domestic violence than other countries do C) some studies show that more women than men are abusive to their partners D) All of these answers are correct
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Michelle, a happily married emerging adult, enjoys spending time talking with and doing things with her mother. More than likely Michelle
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was a securely attached infant
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Worldwide, emerging adults think about their identities in terms of
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A) political loyalties and religious commitments B) gender roles C) ethnic and vocational identities D) All of these answers are correct Answer D All
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The group of emerging adults that have more difficulty with achieving ethnic identity are
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immigrants
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Emerging adults who had been inhibited as children were
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cautious, reserved adults with few signs of internalizing problems
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According to Erikson's theory, the crisis that follows identity achievement is called
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intimacy versus isolation
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An important aspect of close human connections in relationships is that they
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A) provide for self-expansion B) enlarge self-understanding C) increase one's resources in times of need D) All of these answers are correct Answer D All
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Friends are crucial during emerging adulthood because they
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provide a source of advice, companionship, information, and sympathy
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Male-female friendships
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are more common today among adults than they were in the past.
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An example of culture influencing the relationship between love and marriage is when
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A) parents arrange marriages between children B) a couple decides to marry and then the man asks the woman's father for permission to marry her. C) a couple marries when they feel that they are financially and emotionally independent D) All of these answers are correct Answer D All
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Monica and Wes met during a spring break event and fell madly in love with each other. They are both physically aroused when together. Sternberg describes this aspect of love as
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passion
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A reason for cohabitating is to
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try out marriage before making the commitment
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________ is when a married couple has similar attitudes, interests, goals, and religious background.
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Homogamy
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According to John Gottman, a factor that is predictive of a couple's separating in the future is when
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couples display disgust for each other
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The type of domestic violence in which one partner systematically isolates, degrades, and punishes the other is called:
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intimate terrorism
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Milecka has recently married his parents' approved bride. Though he would like to move to another city to attend college, he has decided to continue to live close to his family so that he can help them. Milecka is modeling
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collectivism
