psychology ch. 1 – Flashcards
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what are mental processes
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internal, covert processes
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dr. baker designs an experiment for studying lab rats' reaction to energy drinks in relation to problem solving. Dr. baker is most interested in the goal of
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explanation
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results of the study by cherry suggest that changes must occur to the perception of the computer science field. this illustrates the goal of
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prediction
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what of the following early psychologists would have been most likely to agree with "the study of psychology should focus on how it functions in everyday life"
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William james
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who was the first woman to complete coursework for a doctorate at harvard
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mary whiten calkins
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what early perspectives tried to return to a focus on scientific inquiry by ignoring the study of consciousness
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behaviorism
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which of the following perspectives focuses on the biological bases of universal mental characteristics
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evolutionary
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what perspective offers the best explanation for schizophrenia
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biopsychological
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wesley has learned that if he cries in public he will get a toy. what perspective explains his behavior
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behavioral
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which perspective would a researcher be taking if she were studying a childhood of a client and his resulting development of self
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psychodynamic
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which of the following professionals in psychology has no medical training but has a doctoral degree
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psychologist
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where do most psychologists work
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university/college
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what is the final step of the scientific method
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reporting results
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what is an example of an observer bias
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asking the people from your church to participate in a study of family values
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what is the greatest advantage of using a case study
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tremendous amount of detail that can be gathered
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what is the main advantage of a survey
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a large amount of data can be gathered
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what can researchers use to maximize the likelihood of a representative sample
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random selection from a larger group
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what indicates the weakest relationship and can be close to complete randomness
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0.01
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in an experiment to examine the effects of sleep deprivation on completion of a puzzle, one group is allowed to sleep eight hours while the other group is made to stay awake. which group is the control group
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the group that gets to sleep
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what study do the participants not know if they are in the control or experimental group
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single-blind
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in the dumb jock stereotype threat experiment, what was the independent variable
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the degree of the stereotype threat
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what is the first guideline for doing research on people
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the rights and well being of the participant comes first
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what is the biggest reason why we use animals for research
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we can do things to animals we can't do to people
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scientific study of behavior and mental processes
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psychology
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what are the four goals of psychology
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description, explanation, prediction and control
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where did the study of psychology begin
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germany in 1879
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what stresses the way that the mind allows us to adapt
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functionalism
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study of learning, language, memory and problem solving
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cognitive psychology
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study of hormones, heredity, chemicals in the nervous system
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biopsychology
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overt actions and reactions
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behavior
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who is considered to be the father of african american psychology
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francis cecil sumner
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what did sigmund freud psychoanalysis focus on
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early childhood experiences
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which psychologist dared to ignore the whole consciousness issue and return to a study of scientific inquiry by focusing on observable behavior
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john watson
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what perspective is often regarded as the third force in psychology and focuses on a person's freedom of choice
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humanism
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what best explains the bystander effect and not helping those in need when people are around
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sociocultural
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if a doctor uses an eclectic approach in her clinical treatment of children what is being done
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she is using a combination of perspectives to treat different clients
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if a psychologist identifies themselves with the largest subfield in psychology, what are they
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clinical
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if diagnosed with a psychological disorder, who would you visit first
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psychiatrist
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which step in the scientific method is derived from he goal of description
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perceiving a question
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brianna wants to find an explanation for the behavior of her lab rat in her study. which step in the scientific method is she currently focusing on
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testing a hypothesis
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the famous study of phones gage, who survived a metal rode piercing his skull is an example of
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case study
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a researcher finds that her subjects spend more time exercising the more weight they lost, what kind of correlation is this
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negative
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a researcher asks an assistant to conduct a study on her behalf, she specifically tells her assistant to only share the results anonymously and not include the names of the students along with their scores. what kind of experiment was this
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double-blind
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double blind studies control
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the placebo effect and experimenter effect
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int he stereotypes and athlete study, who was the control gorup
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the students who complete the survey prior to the intelligence test
