Psychology 1103 (Chapter 16) – Flashcards
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cognitive-behavioral therapy uses the dual strategies of
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reducing self-defeating thoughts and changing behavior
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the goals of self-help support groups are
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to provide support to each other to discuss topics of common interest
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_____ conditioning is used to treat phobias
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classical
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the goal of psychodynamic therapy is to help the client become aware of ______ conflicts that may be creating conflicts for them
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unconscious
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if your doctor writes you a prescription for anti-anxiety medication, this doctor is a
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psychiatrist or other medical doctor
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what is true of humanistic psychotherapy?
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emphasizes conscious thoughts emphasis on a person's ability to self-heal people are encouraged to understand themselves
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cognitive restructuring is designed to
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change a pattern of thought that is causing a maladaptive emotion and behavior
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a therapist who views maladaptive behavior as a learned behavior that can be unlearned subscribes to the _____ approach
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operant conditioning
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an important element in successful psychotherapy is the relationship between the therapist and the client. this is referred to as the therapeutic _____
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alliance
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a type of therapy with married or unmarried partners whose major problems lie within their relationship is known as
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couples therapy
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sociocultural therapy approaches view the person as
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influenced by social and cultural factors a part of a system of relationships
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the goal of behavior therapy is to
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reduce or eliminate maladaptive behavior
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the therapy that focuses on thoughts as the main source of psychological problems and that attempts to change the individual's feelings and behaviors by changing their thoughts is known as
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cognitive therapy
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group therapy is based on the idea that
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people can learn from watching others cope with problems people with similar problems can help each other
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assisting individuals to develop the skills they need to control their own lives in a concept known as _____
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empowerment
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what are the goals of well-being therapy?
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identifying ways to promote and celebrate life's moments learning to notice and enjoy positive experiences helping clients enjoy sustained recovery from psychological disorders
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what strategies do psychotherapists use to help people?
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modeling healthy behavior talking with the person listening to the person
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a therapist who uses a variety of therapeutic approaches, depending on the specific diagnosis, is said to
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practice integrative therapy
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_____ therapy is a way that individuals can share their experiences with others, give and receive support and feedback, as well as develop social skills
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group
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what kind of person is qualified to practice psychotherapy
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someone who has a doctorate degree in psychology and is a licensed clinical psychologist someone who has a master's degree in counseling and is a licensed clinical counselor someone who has a master's degree in social work and is a licensed clinical social worker
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understanding the feelings of someone is called ________
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empathy
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what are considered sociocultural approaches to the treatment of psychological disorders?
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group therapy family therapy
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_____ therapy is a short-term, problem focused, directive therapy that encourages clients to accentuate the positive
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well-being
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charlie has decided to go talk to a psychotherapist. what factors should be consider in selecting who he talks to?
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is the psychotherapist licensed by the state where they practice what type of education and degrees does the psychotherapist have has the psychotherapist received training that will help Charlie's specific issues?
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the goal of a cognitive therapist is to change a client's behavior by
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changing the thoughts that drive the maladaptive behavior
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what is the term that refers to how culturally skilled a therapist is?
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cross-cultural competence
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what are forms of group therapy?
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psychodynamic group psychotherapy cognitive-behavior group therapy humanistic group therapy
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during psychoanalysis, transference can
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provide a model of how individuals relate to important people in their lives
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psychoanalysts using the technique of _____ _____ tell patients to say aloud whatever comes to mind, regardless of its apparent irrelevance or senselessness
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free association
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which therapy is considered the best?
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no one therapy is more effective than the others the best therapies are those that the psychotherapist is trained to do psychodynamic, humanistic, and behavior therapies are the best
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what kinds of services are typically available at community mental health centers?
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counseling services assertiveness training
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the psychodynamic approach and the humanistic approach rely on the client to achieve some self-awareness. these therapies are considered
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insight therapy
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client-centered therapy is a humanistic therapy which emphasizes what procedures?
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encourage clients to gain insight into their problems help clients identify and understand their genuine feelings providing a warm, supportive atmosphere
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the concept of self-efficacy can be useful in therapy when people need
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to bolster their confidence
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Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is the best known example of a _____-_____ support group
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self-help
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community health centers also try to ______ the development of psychological disorders
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prevent
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people who live in collectivistic cultures place more emphasis on the
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family community ethnic group
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Mrs. Wood is frustrated with her son not making his bed everyday. So Mrs. Wood told her son that if h makes his bed everyday he can play video games for an hour after school. Her son loves to play video games. What technique of behavioral therapy is she using?
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operant conditioning
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psychotherapy has _______ on health behavior and physical illness
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a positive impact
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what are steps that a therapist uses when facilitating systematic desensitization?
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teaching the client to contract then relax different muscles asking the client what they fear the most about their phobia asking the client to imagine what they fear the least about their phobia
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what client factors influence therapeutic outcomes?
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their willingness to make therapy work their strengths and abilities
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who developed psychoanalysis as a technique to analyze the person's unconscious thoughts?
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Freud
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Davon gets terribly anxious when he takes tests. His therapist is teaching him relaxation techniques to use when he takes tests. Davon's therapist is
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being directive by teaching Davon skills helping Davon build skills to manage his anxiety
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Carlton is an alcoholic (alcohol dependence). He is given a drug that causes vomiting and nausea whenever he drinks alcohol. This is an example of
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aversive conditioning
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family therapy may be more effective choice with
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cultures that place a high value on family
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what does the research indicate about the effectiveness of psychotherapy?
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people who go to therapy are more likely to report improvement than those who do not go people who go to therapy 12 to 14 times are more likely to maintain improvement for 2 to 3 years
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what does research name as they key factor in whether or not therapy is successful?
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the quality of the client's participation
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Danae is struggling with depression. her therapist has helped her figure out that her depression started when her mother died when Danae was 12 years old. what approach to therapy is her therapist taking?
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insight focused
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which of the following are goals of the cognitive therapist?
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changing patterns of thought presumed to cause maladaptive functioning identifying and challenging thinking that is self defeating
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self-help support groups
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can reach a lot of people in need of help are relatively inexpensive to run
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identifying automatic thoughts is one of the first goals of what type of therapy?
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cognitive
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dialectical behavior therapy has shown success in treating the personality disorder known as _______ ______ disorder
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borderline personality
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in terms of the role of the therapist what factor is most important in determining if therapy will work?
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the therapist's personality
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applied behavioral analysis may be particularly effective with what kind of people?
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developmentally disabled adults individuals under the age of 18
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psychotherapy is effective in treating psychological
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disorders
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what are cultural issues to consider in therapy?
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country of origin and current culture religious beliefs and traditions
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_____ therapies focus on symptoms and skill development rather than insight
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cognitive
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if a therapist has a client repeat reinforcing self-statement such as "I won't worry; worry doesn't help anything" "I have a lot of different strategies I can call on" and "I can meet the challenge" then the therapist is using
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cognitive behavior therapy
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what are issues that couples therapy is likely to address?
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issues related to blending two families issues related to divorce or remarriage issued related to sexual concerns of partners
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a therapist who uses the technique of "reflective speech"
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mirrors the clients' own feelings back to them
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what is not a widely used family therapy technique?
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confrontation
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____ mental health is based on the idea that individuals with disorders ought to remain within society and with their families while receiving treatment
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community
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a research study found that brief psychotherapy as part of regular physical check-ups
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has psychological benefits and lower rates of depression is economically advantageous and cost effective is an effective way to prevent psychological and physical problems
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cognitive therapies are more ____ than humanistic therapies
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directive
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_____ in close relationships often involves poor communication
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conflict
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once a client has identified their automatic thoughts and their emotional reactions to those thoughts, what is a cognitive therapist likely to do next?
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help the client recognize the logical errors of their thoughts help the client evaluate if their beliefs are valid or faulty help the client challenge the accuracy of their thoughts
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Ella's therapist has told her that he practices "Insight therapy" where an important therapeutic goal is gaining self-awareness. Ella's therapist is taking an approach that is most likely _____ or _____
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psychodynamic humanistic
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self-instructional methods can be used in therapy by giving the client
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examples of constructive statements and asking them to repeat the statements
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when people with psychological disorders were transferred from mental institutions to community-based facilities, this process was known as
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deinstitutionalization
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therapy is more likely to work if the therapist
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uses a style that matches the client's personality monitors the client's progress and makes changes as needed
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statements such as "good, i did it" or "I handled it well" or "I knew i could do it" are examples
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reinforcing self-statements
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patrick failed the written portion of his driver's examination. patrick is now sure he will never be able to drive a car. what errors might patrick be making in reaching his conclusion?
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overgeneralizing his abilities based on one failure believing that he can never drive because of this one failure magnifying the meaning of failing the written test
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in an attempt to help a client identify and understand his or her own feelings, a therapist using client-centered therapy might use the technique of
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reflective speech
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according to feminist therapy, the therapist should
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emphasize the client's strengths foster equality in the client-therapist relationship facilitate client empowerment
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in general women's lives are characterized by which issues?
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connection relatedness
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since psychoanalysts believe that thoughts related to mental distress are unconscious and hidden, they feel that dream analysis
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provide a valuable outlet for unconscious processes
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the ethnic background of the therapist is different from that of the client. what factors influence whether or not therapy will be effective?
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does the counselor have excellent clinical skills? is the therapist culturally sensitive and competent?
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what is true about psychotherapy and psychological wellness?
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in addition to treating psychological disorders, psychotherapy can also enhance psychological well-being lack of psychological wellness makes a person vulnerable to developing physical and psychological problems psychological wellness is defined as the presence of qualities of psychological thriving
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critics say an increased use of which therapeutic approach could result in an unsystematic, haphazard eclecticism?
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integrative therapy
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frank's client just told him that she smacked her child last night in anger. according to client-centered therapy, what will frank say to his client?
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i understand you were angry and hitting your child is not acceptable. what do you think we should do now?
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self-help support groups are most effective for which types of people?
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people seeking info about their situation people seeking people who have had similar experiences people seeking to reduce stress and increase well-being
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research indicates that when there is an ethnic match between the therapist and the client, and when ethnic-specific services are provided, clients are _____ to drop out of therapy early
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far less likely
