psych exam 3 part 2 - Flashcards

question

The jury deliberated on the rape case for over 8 hours. Some of the jurors commented that the rape victim had a history of going out to various bars and had been dressed too provocatively. Looking like that, she asked to be assaulted. This behavior is best explained in terms of the:

answer

just-world phenomenon.

question

After the events of 9/11, some Americans began boycotting Arab-American stores and lashing out at any Middle-Eastern person they saw. This behavior is best explained in terms of:

answer

the scapegoat theory.

question

The tendency to favor one's own group, the group with whom we share a common identity, is called:

answer

ingroup bias.

question

Research shows that, after extensive exposure to X-rated sexual films, men are subsequently ________ accepting of women's sexual submission and ________ likely to perceive a woman's friendliness as sexual interest.

answer

more; more

question

When the temperatures go up in the summer, the rates of violent crimes increase. This is best explained in terms of:

answer

the frustration-aggression principle

question

Shortly after learning he did not make it onto his high school football team, Alex vandalized the team's locker room and broke several of the school's windows. His behavior is best explained in terms of:

answer

the frustration-aggression principle.

question

Discrimination is a negative ___________, whereas prejudice is a negative ___________.

answer

behavior; attitude

question

____________ is an unjustifiable, usually negative, attitude toward a group and its members.

answer

Prejudice

question

Those perceived as different or apart from one's ingroup, are called:

answer

outgroup.

question

Shortly after learning he did not make it onto his high school football team, Alex vandalized the team's locker room and broke several of the school's windows. His behavior is best explained in terms of:

answer

the frustration-aggression principle.

question

____________ can be defined as any physical or verbal behavior that is intended to hurt or destroy

answer

Aggression

question

Last week Becky read that labels can bias perceptions, so she does not support placing diagnostic labels on psychological problems. If you were trying to convince her that these types of labels do have benefits, you might tell her that mental health professionals use labels to:

answer

Mental health professionals use diagnostic labels to do all of these things.

question

Finn has been diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Which of the following problems might he be exhibiting?

answer

A person with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder will exhibit all of these behaviors.

question

Brian often interrupts his teacher while she is speaking and frequently forgets to complete his homework assignments. He also has difficulty taking turns in playground games with classmates. Brian most clearly exhibits symptoms of:

answer

attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

question

Elsa is a 50-year-old teacher who is openly gay. According to the American Psychiatric Association (APA), Elsa's homosexuality:

answer

is NOT classified as an illness

question

Historically there have been a variety of models used to explain psychological disorders. The ___________ model assumes that mental disorders have physical causes that can be diagnosed and treated.

answer

medical

question

Dr. Cobbs believes that psychological disorders are influenced by genetic predispositions and physiological states. He is also aware that inner psychological dynamics, social dynamics, and culture influence psychological disorders. Dr. Cobbs believes in a:

answer

biopsychosocial model.

question

A large pharmaceutical company is conducting a clinical trial for major depressive disorder. They are concerned with the efficacy and safety of this new antidepressant. Their perspective is in line with the _______________ model

answer

medical

question

You have just finished evaluating a person suffering from schizophrenia who has considerable legal and financial difficulties. His legal and financial difficulties belong on which Axis?

answer

IV

question

John is a patient who reports significant anger, hostility, and overall disregard for people. He has been diagnosed with Antisocial Personality Disorder. His personality disorder belongs on which Axis?

answer

II

question

A current authoritative scheme for classifying psychological disorders is found in the:

answer

DSM-IV-TR.

question

Lynette is released after a 4-week stay at a psychiatric hospital. She needs to find an apartment near her job, because she can't afford a car. When she talks to potential landlords, how should she describe herself?

answer

She should NOT tell them she was in a psychiatric hospital. Many people react negatively to those labeled "mentally ill."

question

After study participants were told that a videotaped interviewee was a psychiatric patient, they characterized the person with phrases like "passive type" or "frightened of his own impulses." This study best illustrates the:

answer

biasing power of diagnostic labels

question

David Rosenhan and colleagues conducted a study examining the biasing power of diagnostic labels. They went to mental hospital admissions offices and complained of "hearing voices" saying "empty," "hollow," and "thud." This was the only complaint they reported and displayed no other symptoms. They were all

answer

diagnosed as mentally ill and the causes for their disorders were "discovered."

question

Last week Becky read that labels can bias perceptions, so she does not support placing diagnostic labels on psychological problems. If you were trying to convince her that these types of labels do have benefits, you might tell her that mental health professionals use labels to:

answer

Mental health professionals use diagnostic labels to do all of these things.

question

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder plagues some ___ percent of children and the appearance of the disorder occurs by age ____.

answer

4; 7

question

In _____________, a person exhibits persistently harmful thoughts, feelings, and actions.

answer

a psychological disorder

question

Naima washes her hands about 50 times a day because she is afraid of the germs that seem to be everywhere. Rana washes her hands about 50 times a day because she is a nurse practitioner and she knows that it is an important part of her job. Why is Naima's hand washing considered part of a psychological disorder, while Rana's is not?

answer

All of these things classify Naima's behavior as a psychological disorder.

question

An integrated understanding of psychological disorders in terms of stressful memories, evolutionary processes, and gender roles is most clearly provided by:

answer

a biopsychosocial approach.

question

He insisted that madness was not demon possession but a sickness of the mind caused by severe stresses and inhumane conditions.

answer

Pinel

question

Historically there have been a variety of models used to explain psychological disorders. The ___________ model assumes that mental disorders have physical causes that can be diagnosed and treated.

answer

medical

question

Psychosocial or environmental stressors belong on which Axis

answer

IV

question

Personality disorders and mental retardation belong on which Axis?

answer

II

question

You have just finished evaluating a person suffering from schizophrenia who has considerable legal and financial difficulties. His legal and financial difficulties belong on which Axis?

answer

diagnosed as mentally ill and the causes for their disorders were "discovered."

question

After study participants were told that a videotaped interviewee was a psychiatric patient, they characterized the person with phrases like "passive type" or "frightened of his own impulses." This study best illustrates the:

answer

biasing power of diagnostic labels

question

Last week Becky read that labels can bias perceptions, so she does not support placing diagnostic labels on psychological problems. If you were trying to convince her that these types of labels do have benefits, you might tell her that mental health professionals use labels to:

answer

Mental health professionals use diagnostic labels to do all of these things

question

Brian often interrupts his teacher while she is speaking and frequently forgets to complete his homework assignments. He also has difficulty taking turns in playground games with classmates. Brian most clearly exhibits symptoms of:

answer

attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

question

According to psychologists and psychiatrists, a behavior is disordered if it is:

answer

A behavior must exhibit all of these factors to be considered disordered

question

In _____________, a person exhibits persistently harmful thoughts, feelings, and actions.

answer

a psychological disorder

question

Dr. Cobbs believes that psychological disorders are influenced by genetic predispositions and physiological states. He is also aware that inner psychological dynamics, social dynamics, and culture influence psychological disorders. Dr. Cobbs believes in a:

answer

biopsychosocial model.

question

A large pharmaceutical company is conducting a clinical trial for major depressive disorder. They are concerned with the efficacy and safety of this new antidepressant. Their perspective is in line with the _______________ model.

answer

medical

question

Around the world, people may experience the same genetically-based disorder quite differently, depending on their personal expectations and their cultural definition of abnormality. This best illustrates the need for:

answer

a biopsychosocial approach

question

John is a patient who reports significant anger, hostility, and overall disregard for people. He has been diagnosed with Antisocial Personality Disorder. His personality disorder belongs on which Axis?

answer

II

question

You have just finished evaluating a person suffering from paranoid schizophrenia who has considerable legal and financial difficulties. You assign a code of 35. This Global Assessment code belongs on which Axis?

answer

V

question

Tonya is interested in studying psychological disorders. If she wants to study the classification system most often used in the U.S., she should read the:

answer

DSM-IV-TR.

question

After study participants were told that a videotaped interviewee was a psychiatric patient, they characterized the person with phrases like "passive type" or "frightened of his own impulses." This study best illustrates the:

answer

biasing power of diagnostic labels

question

David Rosenhan and colleagues conducted a study examining the biasing power of diagnostic labels. They went to mental hospital admissions offices and complained of "hearing voices" saying "empty," "hollow," and "thud." This was the only complaint they reported and displayed no other symptoms. They were all:

answer

diagnosed as mentally ill and the causes for their disorders were "discovered."

question

Researchers find that conformity to the group increases when all of the following occur EXCEPT

answer

one is made to feel secure

question

In one study, participants who worked alongside someone who rubbed his face or shook his foot were observed to produce the same behaviors. This mimicry illustrates

answer

the chameleon effect

question

While you disagree with your boss, you laugh at the joke anyway to gain her approval. Your behavior illustrates

answer

normative social influence

question

In the Milgram experiments, the level of obedience was highest when the "teacher" was __________ the experimenter and __________ the "learner."

answer

close to; far from

question

Dr. Yen is designing an experiment on obedience to authority. She will set up a learning laboratory, and have participants deliver loud blasts of sound as punishment for incorrect answers (given by a confederate of the researcher). How can Dr. Yen increase the likelihood of the participants' obedience?

answer

She can make sure the participants know that she has a Ph.D. from a prestigious university

question

In a follow-up obedience experiment, Milgram used 40 new teachers to determine whether participants obeyed because the learners' protests were not convincing. Once again, the new teachers complied fully ________ percent of the time.

answer

65

question

At her health club, Bonnie pedals an exercise bike much faster when other patrons are using nearby equipment. This best illustrates

answer

social facilitation

question

Frieda is typically very shy. However, while watching a rock concert with a huge crowd, she lost her inhibitions and behaved in a sexually provocative way. Frieda's unusual behavior is best understood in terms of:

answer

deindividuation

question

You are the expert on psychometrics and assessment; however, three of the clinicians disagree on your choice of scales. You decide to change your opinion for the good of the group. This best illustrates

answer

groupthink

question

Your sister-in-law always has a smile on her face and a joke to tell. The moment she walks into your house you start smiling, even before she says something funny. This is caused by

answer

All of these things cause you to start smiling

question

Alexandra is well liked by her friends. When you watch her, you can see that she mimics her friends' gestures and seems to match their moods. Chartrand would suggest that this automatic mimicry is a component of

answer

empathy

question

In the original Milgram obedience experiment, men aged 20 to 50 had complied fully ________ percent of the time

answer

63

question

His experiments on obedience at Yale University are some of the most famous and involved deception.

answer

Milgram

question

Lars is an excellent violinist. In front of an audience, he tends to play his violin even more beautifully than when he is alone. This is most likely due to

answer

social facilitation.

question

The students at the University charged the field after the game in response to their team's loss. They vandalized the opposing team's field and the police had to be called in. This behavior is best understood in terms of

answer

deindividuation

question

_____________ result(s) from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval

answer

Normative social influence

question

_____________ result(s) from a person's willingness to accept others' opinions about reality

answer

Informational social influence

question

In a study on social loafing, blindfolded students were asked to pull on a rope as hard as they could. The students pulled hardest when they thought

answer

no others were pulling with them

question

A group of racially prejudiced high school students discussed racial issues. During the conversation, their attitudes became even more prejudiced. This best illustrates:

answer

group polarization

question

In Asch conformity experiments, researchers find that conformity to the group increases when:

answer

All of these things will increase conformity to the group

question

In making wedding preparations, Jason conforms to the expectations of his future bride's family, simply to win their favor. His behavior illustrates the importance of

answer

normative social influence

question

At a meeting in your office, three of your colleagues agree that the plan is correct as is; you feel the pressure to get the plan out today and agree. Your behavior illustrates

answer

informational social influence

question

Groupthink is fueled by a desire for

answer

harmony

question

During a riot, a large sporting event, or mob action, we lose self-awareness and self-restraint. This is known as

answer

deindividuation

question

A person in a group tends to exert MORE effort when he is individually accountable than when he is working with others toward a common goal. This is known as

answer

social loafing

question

The humanistic perspective has been criticized for promoting an excessive degree of:

answer

individualism.

question

Self-actualization is the ultimate psychological need. It only arises after basic psychological and physiological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved. Self-actualization is

answer

the motivation to fulfill one's potential

question

In a psychology class debate on the humanistic perspective, you need to take the opposing view and rebut its positive aspects. Which of the following criticisms of the humanistic perspective can you cite?

answer

The descriptions of self-actualizing people reflect Maslow's personal values

question

Most of Dakota's friends look at him with respect. He is self-aware, self-accepting, and open. He is spontaneous and caring, and does not worry about other people's opinions. According to Maslow, it is likely that Dakota is motivated by

answer

the need for self-actualization

question

Humanistic psychology emphasizes the importance of

answer

positive self-concept

question

Dr. Burns sees his own therapist in order for him to be at his emotional best for seeing patients. He is open with his feelings and self-disclosing in his own therapy. Rogers refers to this attitude as

answer

genuineness

question

In promoting personality growth, the person-centered perspective emphasizes everything EXCEPT

answer

altruism

question

Carl Rogers said, "The only question which matters is, 'Am I living in a way that is deeply satisfying to me?'" Critics of Rogers are most likely to object to this statement because

answer

Critics of Carl Rogers are likely to voice all of these objections

question

The humanistic perspective fails to appreciate

answer

the human capacity for evil

question

The humanistic perspective of personality:

answer

emphasizes the growth potential of "healthy" individuals

question

In a psychology class debate on the humanistic perspective, you need to take the opposing view and rebut its positive aspects. Which of the following criticisms of the humanistic perspective can you cite

answer

The descriptions of self-actualizing people reflect Maslow's personal values

question

A principal is looking for advice on how to improve his relationships with the teachers in his school. Carl Rogers might suggest which of the following?

answer

Be genuine with them and show them unconditional positive regard

question

According to Abraham Maslow, people are motivated by:

answer

a hierarchy of needs

question

According to Rogers, three conditions are necessary to promote personality growth. These are

answer

genuineness, acceptance, and empathy

question

A psychology instructor asks his class to write down all of their thoughts and feelings about themselves. This exercise is a way to describe:

answer

their self-concepts

question

Elena has been in therapy for two months. When she began therapy, her therapist asked her to describe herself as she would ideally like to be and as she actually is. He explained that when these two descriptions are nearly alike, the person is thought to have a positive:

answer

self-concept

question

Although Alex is frequently caught stealing money and other valuables from friends as well as strangers, he does not feel guilty or remorseful about his actions. Alex most clearly demonstrates a

answer

weak superego

question

According to Carl Jung, humans have a reservoir of images that are derived from our universal experiences. This is known as our

answer

collective unconscious

question

Kayden had to take a Rorschach inkblot test for his new job. He is worried because he has heard that the Rorschach is not a very good test. Critics would agree and suggest that the Rorschach:

answer

is not very reliable and that it has limited validity.

question

In 1921, Hermann Rorschach introduced what has become the most widely used ____________ test.

answer

projective

question

_____________ is to the history of psychology as _____________ is to the history of rock music

answer

Freud; Elvis

question

Bonnie is afraid to express anger toward her overbearing and irritating supervisor. Instead, she is critical of her children. A psychoanalyst would suggest that Bonnie's reaction to her children illustrates

answer

displacement.

question

Bryce often acts overly confident and daring. Few people realize he is actually riddled with unconscious insecurity and self-doubt. Bryce best illustrates the use of a defense mechanism known as

answer

reaction formation

question

Freud suggested that there are three interacting systems that can explain the dynamics of the human mind. These three systems refer to

answer

the id, the ego, and the superego

question

Freud's psychoanalytic theory includes ideas about:

answer

an unconscious region of the mind, psychosexual stages, and defense mechanisms

question

Lately, 5-year-old Liam has been acting strangely. He clings to his mother and expresses jealous feelings towards his father, almost as if his father is a rival for his mother's love. Freud would suggest that Liam is experiencing

answer

the Oedipus complex

question

Children who have witnessed a parent's murder report memories that most clearly challenge Freud's concept of

answer

repression

question

The _____________ perspective emphasizes the role of repressed childhood conflicts in personality disorders

answer

psychoanalytic

question

When a patient in psychoanalysis blocks anxiety-laden material from their consciousness they are experiencing:

answer

resistance.

question

The introduction of therapeutic drugs and community-based treatment programs in the ___________ helped to empty large mental hospitals as well as mark an era of improved treatments.

answer

1950s

question

Your therapist is eclectic and believes in using these two empirically supported therapies for treating your depression.

answer

behavior therapy and cognitive-behavior therapy

question

Nadine has decided to seek help for some problems she is having. She knows a little about different therapies and has decided she doesn't want to get involved in anything long-term. However, she does want to gain insight into the roots of her dificulties. If Nadine wants to gain insight into current issues, rather than delve into the past, she should try to find a therapist who specializes in:

answer

interpersonal psychotherapy

question

Interpersonal psychotherapy is a variation on psychodynamic therapy. It is different because:

answer

its goal is symptom relief in the here and now, and it focuses primarily on current relationships

question

When a patient in psychoanalysis begins to have feelings toward their therapist such as love or hatred and those feelings are linked to other relationships they have had or have, they are experiencing

answer

transference.

question

Client-centered therapists emphasize the importance of:

answer

enabling clients to feel

question

Who emphasized the importance of active listening in the process of psychotherapy?

answer

Carl Rogers

question

During a therapy session, Jenny focuses on several intrusive thoughts that have been bothering her. The therapist tells Jenny to report any ideas or memories stimulated by these thoughts. Jenny's therapist is using a technique known as:

answer

free association.

question

In an eating disorders clinic, the patients receive merits for good eating behaviors such as finishing their meal, not exercising after their meal, and for appropriate behaviors on the unit. This best illustrates an application of:

answer

the token economy

question

Nancy's therapist is an active listener who often paraphrases what she says. He does not judge her and is quite open to her exploration of her weaknesses. He gives her appropriate validation and encourages her to reflect on her feelings. He wants to deepen her self-understanding. Her therapy is most likely:

answer

client-centered.

question

This therapy is empirically supported for treating bed-wetting.

answer

behavior modification

question

Beck's therapy, which teaches people new and more adaptive ways of thinking and acting, and is based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions is called:

answer

cognitive therapy

question

You recognize that depressed people do not exhibit the same self-serving bias common in non-depressed people. You are most likely a

answer

cognitive therapist

question

Several years after his wife's death, Mr. Sanchez remains incapacitated by feelings of guilt and sadness. To reduce Mr. Sanchez's depression, a therapist is actively encouraging him to stop blaming himself for his inability to prevent his wife's death. The therapist's approach is most representative of:

answer

cognitive therapy.

question

Your therapy with a 15-year-old patient has been going well, but she tends to bottle her feelings when discussing her relationship with her mother. You believe that she can benefit from her family's involvement which will promote positive communication. Today's session brings together your patient and her parents. You are engaging in:

answer

family therapy.

question

At his weekly therapy session, Henry became agitated at his therapist, saying that she was controlling, domineering, and trying to ruin his life with all of her mothering. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates:

answer

transference.

question

____________ is a behavior therapy procedure that conditions new responses to a stimuli that originally triggered an unwanted behavior.

answer

All of these procedures are used in behavior therapy

question

To help Jacob overcome his smoking habit, a therapist puts him in a room with a carton of cigarettes laced with a chemical to induce nausea. He displays images of the dangers of smoking both on the walls and on a television set. This approach to treatment best illustrates:

answer

aversive conditioning.

question

Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are likely to be treated with ________________ therapy which acts directly on the patient's nervous system.

answer

biomedical

question

Interpersonal psychotherapy is a variation on psychodynamic therapy. It is different because:

answer

its goal is symptom relief in the here and now, and it focuses primarily on current relationships

question

Nancy's therapist is an active listener who often paraphrases what she says. He does not judge her and is quite open to her exploration of her weaknesses. He gives her appropriate validation and encourages her to reflect on her feelings. He wants to deepen her self-understanding. Her therapy is most likely:

answer

client-centered.

question

As a parent, you are skeptical of treatments that sound too good to be true. When you arrive at the psychologist's office, you ask about what is the empirically supported treatment for bed-wetting as your 6-year-old son has been having difficulties. You learn that _________________ is the empirically supported treatment

answer

behavior modification

question

In a residential treatment facility for troubled youth, adolescent children receive large colored buttons when they hang up their clothes, make their beds, and come to meals on time. The children return the buttons to staff members to receive bedtime snacks or watch TV. This best illustrates an application of:

answer

operant conditioning

question

The goal of stress inoculation training is to reduce incapacitating anxiety by encouraging people to say positive things to themselves during anxiety-producing situations. This best illustrates a form of:

answer

cognitive therapy

question

Beck's therapy, which teaches people new and more adaptive ways of thinking and acting, and is based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions is called:

answer

cognitive therapy

question

Because she mistakenly believes the herbal remedy she is using will help her lose weight, Mrs. Redding is feeling a considerable reduction in her appetite. This best illustrates:

answer

the placebo effect

question

Psychotherapy is also _____________ when compared with the greater costs of medical care for psychologically related complaints.

answer

cost-effective

question

When people's symptoms of psychological distress are at their worst, anything they do to alleviate the condition is likely to be followed by improvement rather than further deterioration. This is best explained by:

answer

regression toward the mean

question

This therapy is empirically supported for treating depression

answer

behavior therapy and cognitive-behavior therapy

question

Therapy is likely to be most effective when a client's problem is:

answer

clear-cut.

question

Delinquent boys put through Scared Straight programs said they were now ________ likely to be law-abiding. When compared with delinquent boys NOT assigned to Scared Straight, they became ________ likely to commit new offenses.

answer

more; more

question

Which of the following is effective in the treatment of seasonal affective disorder

answer

light exposure therapy

question

As you live up North, you want to prepare for the dark and cold winter months ahead before your seasonal affective disorder takes hold of you again. You decide to try:

answer

light exposure therapy

question

Which of the following factors is NOT a therapeutically effective component of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing?

answer

rapidly moving one's eyes

question

For the last three months, Selma has been seeing her therapist weekly. She is feeling much better because:

answer

All of these things are true of effective therapy

question

Good therapies share much in common, including:

answer

hope for demoralized people

question

The American Psychological Association suggests that which of the following is a signal that a person should consider seeking help from a professional?

answer

A person should consider therapy if he/she experiences any of these trouble signals.

question

It is difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of psychotherapy because

answer

testimonials from former patients can be misleading.

question

It is difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of psychotherapy because

answer

people often enter therapy in crisis, and these crises often pass without professional help

question

The placebo effect best illustrates the importance of _____________ in therapeutic outcomes

answer

cognitive processes.

question

Delinquent boys put through Scared Straight programs said they were now ________ likely to be law-abiding. When compared with delinquent boys NOT assigned to Scared Straight, they became ________ likely to commit new offenses.

answer

more; more

question

This therapy is empirically supported for treating depression

answer

behavior therapy and cognitive-behavior therapy

question

Therapy is likely to be most effective when a client's problem is:

answer

clear-cut.

question

Which of the following factors is NOT a therapeutically effective component of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing?

answer

rapidly moving one's eyes

question

Which of the following is least likely to be effective in the treatment of depression?

answer

eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR

question

As you live up North, you want to prepare for the dark and cold winter months ahead before your seasonal affective disorder takes hold of you again. You decide to try:

answer

light exposure therapy

question

The American Psychological Association suggests that which of the following is a signal that a person should consider seeking help from a professional?

answer

A person should consider therapy if he/she experiences any of these trouble signals

question

Good therapies share much in common, including

answer

hope for demoralized people.

question

The double-blind technique is most likely to be used in evaluating the effectiveness of

answer

drug therapies

question

Mel and her doctor are trying to decide which medication Mel should use to reduce her psychotic symptoms. Her doctor told her that the first-generation dopamine-blocking drugs can have side effects such as:

answer

twitches and tremors

question

_______________ is a type of treatment that physically changes the brain's functioning

answer

Biomedical therapy

question

Patients receive a general anesthetic and muscle relaxant prior to treatment with

answer

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT

question

With _____________, patients receive repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain, which can be used to stimulate activity in various areas of the brain

answer

repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)

question

Sharon was admitted to the hospital with severe depression. She nearly killed herself by slitting her wrists. The only reason she survived is because her husband came home from work early. The only type of treatment that can bring her out of depression quickly and potentially save her life is:

answer

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

question

Nowadays, patients are very rarely treated using _____________, a psychosurgical procedure in which the nerves that connect the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain are cut.

answer

lobotomy

question

Antipsychotic drugs are to __________ as a cork is to a ___________.

answer

dopamine receptors; bottle

question

In a study using _______________, half of the patients receive a drug and the other half receives a similar-appearing placebo. Neither the patients in the study, nor the staff administering the treatment, know who gets which treatment

answer

a double-blind technique

question

Dr. Pimler is conducting a study on a new antipsychotic medication. In order to determine if the drug is effective, he should

answer

use the double-blind technique

question

John is a 28-year-old male who suffers from bipolar disorder. He does not like lithium because of the side effects. His doctor prescribes this medication, originally used to treat epilepsy. This medication is:

answer

Depakote.

question

Today, Ellen is going to the mental health clinic for a new treatment. During the procedure her brain will be exposed to repeated pulses of magnetic energy. This type of treatment is known as

answer

repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS

question

Sharon was admitted to the hospital with severe depression. She nearly killed herself by slitting her wrists. The only reason she survived is because her husband came home from work early. The only type of treatment that can bring her out of depression quickly and potentially save her life is

answer

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).

question

With _____________, patients receive repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain, which can be used to stimulate activity in various areas of the brain.

answer

repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)

question

Antipsychotic drugs are to __________ as a cork is to a ___________.

answer

dopamine receptors; bottle

question

Nowadays, patients are very rarely treated using _____________, a psychosurgical procedure in which the nerves that connect the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain are cut.

answer

lobotomy

question

At one time, disordered people were simply warehoused in asylums. Asylums have been replaced with psychiatric hospitals, where attempts are made to diagnose and cure people suffering from psychological disorders. This best illustrates one of the beneficial consequences of:

answer

the medical model.

question

The ____________ and ____________ are two major systems used to classify psychological disorders.

answer

DSM-IV-TR; ICD-10

question

Your professor asks you on what axis diabetes would fall under. You answer:

answer

Axis III

question

Diane is constantly concerned about things at work even when she is at home. She is constantly worried about her home life even when she is at work. Diane has a free-floating anxiety that leaves her tense, irritable, impairs her concentration, and leaves her with many sleepless nights. Diane suffers from a(n):

answer

generalized anxiety disorder

question

_____________ are characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety

answer

Anxiety disorders

question

People who suffer from generalized anxiety disorder:

answer

are tense and apprehensive all of the time

question

Symptoms that can be incorrectly perceived as a heart attack are most characteristic of:

answer

panic disorder.

question

Symptoms that can be incorrectly perceived as a heart attack are most characteristic of:

answer

panic disorder.

question

When people suffer from a(n) ____________, they often feel intense fear that something horrible is about to happen. These feelings last minutes and include heart palpitations, shortness of breath, and dizziness.

answer

panic attack

question

Twenty-year-old Brianna lives in a small town. She has always been extremely shy, but lately she has been feeling intensely afraid that others are scrutinizing her. She avoids speaking in class, she no longer goes to parties, and she starts trembling whenever she is in a public place. Brianna seems to be suffering from a(n):

answer

social phobia.

question

Susan has been diagnosed with panic disorder and refuses to leave her home without her husband. She fears any situation in which she cannot escape or find help when a panic attack would strike. Susan suffers from panic disorder with:

answer

agoraphobia.

question

If you have an intense fear of speaking in public, eating out, or going to parties, you may be suffering from:

answer

social phobia.

question

Michael is extremely fearful of germs. He sleeps in a special chamber at night, wears gloves, and will only eat food that he can unwrap. His symptoms are most characteristic of:

answer

obsessive-compulsive disorder.

question

The onset of obsessive-compulsive disorder occurs around:

answer

the late teens and twenties

question

People who suffer from ____________ are so preoccupied by unwanted repetitive thoughts and/or actions that they are unable to function in their daily lives.

answer

obsessive-compulsive disorder

question

Years after he barely survived a terrorist attack that killed his wife and two children, Mr. Puskari suffers recurring flashbacks and frequent nightmares of the event. They render him incapable of holding a steady job. Mr. Puskari is most clearly showing signs of:

answer

post-traumatic stress disorder.

question

PTSD rates vary from ___ percent among those who have experienced a natural disaster, to up to ___ percent among those who have been kidnapped, held captive, tortured, or raped.

answer

4; 50

question

Suffering can lead to ______________; that is, a challenging crisis can lead to an increased appreciation for life, more meaningful relationships, and changed priorities.

answer

post-traumatic growth

question

Andrea experiences extreme anxiety when she approaches any lake. Her therapist suggests that her fear is the result of a traumatic childhood boating accident. The therapist's suggestion reflects a ___________ perspective.

answer

learning

question

Mr. Hoffman has always been cautious with his money. But, over the past two weeks, he has developed grandiose plans to bet his entire savings on a single horse race. With unrestrained exuberance he has also been giving everybody he sees unsolicited advice on how to make millions in the stock market. Mr. Hoffman's behavior is most indicative of:

answer

This behavior is not indicative of a disorder. The symptoms would need to be severe and prolonged to indicate a disorder.

question

____________ is like a warning light in a car. When it is evident, it is telling us to stop and take protective measures.

answer

Depression

question

Major depressive disorder is a mood disorder characterized by signs of depression (e.g., lethargy, feelings of worthlessness, and loss of interest in family, friends, and activities). To be diagnosed with major depressive disorder, these signs must:

answer

last for two or more weeks

question

John has been having difficulties getting out of bed, is not interested in going out with friends or even answering the phone. He has let a number of bills go unpaid he is sleeping 12-14 hours a day, and he cannot concentrate at work. He has called in sick to work at least once each week. John is most likely suffering from a(n):

answer

major depressive disorder.

question

Billy has an identical twin who was recently diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Research suggests that the chances are __________ that Billy will also suffer from bipolar disorder at some point in his life

answer

7 in 10

question

Bipolar disorder affects women and men in a ratio of

answer

1:1

question

___________ is characterized by moods that alternate between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the euphoric, hyperactive state of mania

answer

Bipolar disorder

question

Seventy-five-year-old Walter lost his wife to a heart attack two years ago and most of his friends have passed on. His children live in other states and he has no pets. In terms of risk factors for suicide, Walter

answer

is MORE likely to attempt suicide, because the suicide rate surges among older men

question

Thirty-seven-year-old Steven has suffered with depression all his life. He has been in treatment for the last week and a half. He is starting to feel better, but he is tired of living this way and doesn't want to face another depressive episode. In terms of risk factors for suicide, Steven:

answer

is MORE likely to attempt suicide, because his energy and initiative are rebounding.

question

Amanda blames herself for her recent job loss. Her therapist suggests that her depression results from this self-blame, rather than blame of the slumping economy. Her therapist's suggestion best illustrates a:

answer

social-cognitive perspective

psych exam 3 part 2 – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards