Psych Exam 2 – part 3 – Flashcards
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attention
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the focusing of mental resources on select information
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join attention
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involves the same object or event
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Meltzoff
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concludes that infants don't blindly imitate everything they see; often make creative errors
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schemes (piaget)
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actions or mental representations that organize knowledge)
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organization (piaget)
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grouping of isolated behaviors & thoughts into a high order system
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cognitive conflict
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the child is constantly faced with inconsistencies and counterexamples to existing schemes
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equilibration
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mechanism by which children shift from one stage of thought to the next
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cognition
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qualitatively different in one stage compared to another
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sensorimotor stage (0-2 years)
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intelligence takes the form of motor actions, goals of this stage are sensory-motor integration
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object permanence
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realizing an object exists even it is out of sight
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primary reactions
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action and response both involve infant's own body
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secondary reactions
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action gets a response from another person or object, leading a baby's repeating original action
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tertiary action
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action gets one pleasing result, leading baby to perform similar actions to get similar results
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A-not-B error
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the term used to describe the tendency of infants to reach where an object was located earlier rather than where the object was hidden
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first year sequence of language development
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crying, cooing, babbling, gestures
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phonemes
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basic sound unit of language
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overextension
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the tendency to apply a word to objects that are inappropriate for the word's meanig
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underextension
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the tendency to apply a word too narrowly
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telegraphic speech
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short, precise words without grammatical markers
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Noam Chomsky: Language Acquisition Device (LAD)
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biologically prewired to learn language at certain times & in certain ways, and detect features and rules of language
