Psych Chapter 13 Therapies Vocab – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Psychotherapy
answer
The use of psychological techniques to treat personality and behavior disorders.
question
Insight Therapies
answer
A variety of individual psychotherapies designed to give people a better awareness and understanding of their feelings, motivations, and actions in the hope that this will help them to adjust.
question
Free Association
answer
A psychoanalytic technique that encourages the person to talk without inhibition about whatever thoughts or fantasies come to mind.
question
Transference
answer
The client's carrying over to the analyst feelings held toward childhood authority figures.
question
Insight
answer
Awareness of previously unconscious feelings and memories and how they influence present feelings and behavior.
question
Client-Centered (or Person Centered) Therapy
answer
Nondirectional form of therapy developed by Carl Rogers that calls for unconditional positive regard of the client by the therapist with the goal of helping the client become fully functioning.
question
Gestalt Therapy
answer
An insight therapy that emphasizes the wholeness of the personality and attempts to reawaken people to their emotions and sensations in the present.
question
Short-Term Psychodynamic Therapy
answer
Insight therapy that is time limited and focused on trying to help clients correct the immediate problems in their lives.
question
Behavior Therapies
answer
Therapeutic approaches that are based on the belief that all behavior, normal and abnormal, is learned, and that the objective of therapy is to teach people new, more satisfying ways of behaving.
question
Systematic Desensitization
answer
A behavioral technique for reducing a person's fear and anxiety by gradually associating a new response (relaxation) with stimuli that have been causing the fear and anxiety.
question
Aversive Conditioning
answer
Behavioral therapy techniques aimed at eliminating undesirable behavior patterns by teaching the person to associate them with pain and discomfort.
question
Behavior Contracting
answer
Form of operant conditioning therapy in which the client and therapist set behavioral goals and agree on reinforcements that the client will receive on reaching those goals.
question
Token Economy
answer
An operant conditioning therapy in which people earn tokens (reinforcers) for desired behaviors and exchange them for desired items or privileges.
question
Modeling
answer
A behavior therapy in which the person learns desired behaviors by watching others performs those behaviors.
question
Cognition Therapies
answer
Psychotherapies that emphasize changing clients' perceptions of their life situation as a way of modifying their behavior.
question
Stress-Inoculation Therapy
answer
A type of cognitive therapy that trains clients to cope with stressful situations by learning a more useful pattern of self-talk.
question
Cognitive Therapy
answer
Therapy that depends on identifying and changing inappropriately negative and self-critical patterns of thought.
question
Group Therapy
answer
Type of psychotherapy in which clients meet regularly to interact and help one another achieve insight into their feelings and behavior.
question
Family Therapy
answer
A form of group therapy that sees the family as at least partly responsible for the individual's problems and that seeks to change all family members' behaviors to the benefit of the family unit as well as the troubled individual.
question
Couple Therapy
answer
A form of group therapy intended to help troubled partners improve their problems of communication and interaction.
question
Eclecticism
answer
Psychotherapeutic approach that recognizes the value of a broad treatment package over a rigid commitment to one particular form of therapy.
question
Biological Treatments
answer
A group of approaches, including medication, electroconvulsive therapy, and neurosurgery, that are sometimes used to treat psychological disorders in conjugation with, or instead of, psychotherapy.
question
Antipsychotic Drugs
answer
Drugs used to treat very severe psychological disorders, particularly schizophrenia.
question
Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
answer
Biological therapy in which a mild electrical current is passed through the brain for a short period, often producing convulsions and temporary coma; used to treat severe, prolonged depression.
question
Neurosurgery
answer
Brain surgery performed to change a person's behavior and emotional state; a biological therapy rarely used today.
question
Deinstitutionalization
answer
Policy of treating people with severe psychological disorders in the larger community or in small residential centers such as halfway houses, rather than in large public hospitals.
question
Primary Prevention
answer
Techniques and programs to improve the social environment so that new cases of mental disorders do not develop.
question
Secondary Prevention
answer
Programs to identify groups that are at high risk for mental disorders and to detect maladaptive behavior in these groups and treat it promptly.
question
Tertiary Prevention
answer
Programs to help people adjust to community life after release from a mental hospital.
question
Rational Emotive therapy
answer
a directive cognitive therapy based on the idea that clients' psychological distress is caused by irrational and self-defeating beliefs and that the therapist's job is to challenge such dysfunctional beliefs
