Question 1

According to your textbook, the _____ theory explains prejudice and discrimination between the Nazi soldiers and Jewish people during WWII.

Accepted Answer

realistic conflict

Question 2

One way to reduce prejudice is to promote personal involvement with people from other groups that is cooperative and occurs when all groups are equal in terms of power or status. This is known as:

Accepted Answer

equal status contact.

Question 3

Carl knows that his boss, Judy, has a stereotyped opinion of him because of his race. The effect on Carl of this knowledge is:

Accepted Answer

stereotype vulnerability

Question 4

The \"learner\" in Milgram\'s study

Accepted Answer

was an actor following a carefully prepared script.

Question 5

The door-in-the-face technique involves:

Accepted Answer

asking for a large commitment and then, after being refused, asking for a smaller commitment.

Question 6

Stanley Milgram set out to learn:

Accepted Answer

how far people would go in obeying the command of an authority figure.

Question 7

Jackie is assigned to a group project. It is in her best subject, and she finds the material easy. Jackie will probably experience:

Accepted Answer

social facilitation

Question 8

________ is the tendency to take our cues for appropriate behavior from others when we are in an ambiguous situation.

Accepted Answer

Informational social influence

Question 9

Invulnerability, where members of a group feel they can do no wrong, is a characteristic of:

Accepted Answer

groupthink.

Question 10

Researchers examining Milgram\'s work have:

Accepted Answer

not found any one trait or group of traits that will predict obedience in situations such as in Milgram\'s study

Question 11

Julie is a psychologist involved in figuring out how to get people to purchase a certain brand of computer. Julie is involved in:

Accepted Answer

consumer psychology

Question 12

_______ love, based on many years of shared responsibilities and experiences, is what binds many marriages together.

Accepted Answer

Companionate

Question 13

According to Sternberg\'s theory, when intimacy and passion are combined, the result is _____, which is often the basis for a more lasting relationship.

Accepted Answer

romantic love

Question 14

In one study, college students liked another student simply because they were told that the other student liked them. This is an example of which rule of attraction?

Accepted Answer

reciprocity

Question 15

Tyonna hates to exercise. However, when she does go to the gym and others are there exercising around her, she becomes completely motivated. Tyonna\'s change in behavior could be due to the effect of ______.

Accepted Answer

social facilitation

Question 16

Oscar wants to feel accepted by his classmates, so when they all decide to skip school to have a party, he conforms by joining in. Oscar\'s need to conform is the result of ________.

Accepted Answer

normative social influence

Question 17

Jonah\'s friends all love listening to rap music. Even if he didn\'t care too much for rap music before, Jonah now believes that rap music is cool. Jonah\'s attitude toward rap music is most likely formed through ______.

Accepted Answer

his interaction with others

Question 18

The fundamental attribution error is less likely:

Accepted Answer

in collectivist cultures.

Question 19

Harry\'s friend Logan studies a lot, so Harry assumes that Logan is smart. Harry\'s belief is based on:

Accepted Answer

implicit personality theory.

Question 20

If a jury member voted \"guilty\" because the defendant had \"shifty eyes\" and not because of any of the evidence presented, he or she is demonstrating:

Accepted Answer

peripheral-route processing.

Question 21

If an environmental group is trying to persuade the public to join its cause, it needs to focus on the:

Accepted Answer

source, message, and target audience.

Question 22

The area of the brain that controls aggressive responses is the:

Accepted Answer

amygdala.

Question 23

Zimbardo\'s prison experiment lasted only five days because:

Accepted Answer

of the extreme effect it was having on the participants.

Question 24

Jim is studying in his room and hears someone yell for help. He is at the first helping decision point, which is:

Accepted Answer

noticing.

Question 25

Most people associate the term cult with:

Accepted Answer

a fringe group.

Question 26

Branch  of psychology concerned  with how a person\'s  behavior, thoughts, and  feelings are influenced by  the actual, imagined, or  implied presence of others.

Accepted Answer

Social Psychology

Question 27

how we are influenced by others

Accepted Answer

Social Influence

Question 28

how we think about others

Accepted Answer

Social Cognition

Question 29

how we interact with others

Accepted Answer

Social Interaction

Question 30

Changing one\'s own behavior to more closely match the actions of others

Accepted Answer

Conformity

Question 31

increases as group size increases up to 4

Accepted Answer

Group size

Question 32

even one dissenter significantly reduces conformity

Accepted Answer

Group is unanimous (lack of dissension)

Question 33

when behavior is not private, but publicly known

Accepted Answer

Group observes one\'s behavior

Question 34

collectivist cultures tend to show more conformity than individualistic cultures

Accepted Answer

Culture

Question 35

Other research has shown feelings of ______, _______, _____ and all increase conformity

Accepted Answer

incompetence, insecurity, low-self-esteem

Question 36

Occurs when people change their behavior as a result of another person or group asking or directing them to change.

Accepted Answer

Compliance

Question 37

occurs when one changes his/her behavior at the command of an authority

Accepted Answer

Obedience

Question 38

a tendency to respond positively or negatively  toward a certain person, object, idea, or situation

Accepted Answer

Attitude

Question 39

1. the affective (emotional) component 2. the behavioral component 3. the cognitive component

Accepted Answer

Three components of an attitude

Question 40

watching the actions and reactions of others  to ideas, people, objects, and situations

Accepted Answer

Vicarious conditioning

Question 41

the process by which one person tries to  change the belief, opinion, position, or course of  action of another person through argument, pleading,  or explanation

Accepted Answer

Persuasion

Question 42

â¢people will either elaborate on the persuasive message or fail to elaborate on it â¢the future actions of those who do elaborate are more  predictable than those who do not

Accepted Answer

Elaboration Likelihood Model

Question 43

sense of discomfort or distress that  occurs when a person\'s behavior does not correspond to that  person\'s attitudes

Accepted Answer

Cognitive dissonance

Question 44

Tendency to attribute someone else\'s behavior to their personal disposition  and underestimate the effect of the situation

Accepted Answer

Fundamental attribution error

Question 45

forming of the first knowledge a person has about  another person

Accepted Answer

Impression formation

Question 46

the assignment of a person one has just met to  a category based on characteristics the new person has in common with other people with whom one has had  experience in the past

Accepted Answer

Social categorization

Question 47

a set of characteristics that people believe is shared by all members of a particular social category

Accepted Answer

stereotype

Question 48

negative attitude held by a person about the  members of a particular social group

Accepted Answer

Prejudice

Question 49

treating people differently because of  prejudice toward the social group to which they belong

Accepted Answer

Discrimination

Question 50

views prejudice as an attitude acquired  through direct instruction, modeling, and other social  influences

Accepted Answer

Social cognitive theory

Question 51

conflict between groups increases prejudice and  discrimination

Accepted Answer

Realistic conflict theory

Question 52

contact between groups in which the  groups have equal status, with neither group having  power over the other

Accepted Answer

Equal status contact

Question 53

the formation of a person\'s identity within  a particular social group is explained by social categorization, social identity, and social comparison

Accepted Answer

Social identity theory

Question 54

behavior intended to hurt or destroy another person

Accepted Answer

Aggression

Question 55

socially desirable behavior that benefits others

Accepted Answer

Prosocial behavior

Question 56

prosocial behavior that is done with no expectation of  reward and may involve the risk of harm to oneself

Accepted Answer

Altruism

Question 57

the effect that the presence of other people has on  the decision to help or not help

Accepted Answer

Bystander effect

Question 58

a person fails to take responsibility for  action or for inaction because of the presence of other people who are seen to share the responsibility

Accepted Answer

Diffusion of responsibility

Question 59

We form attitudes by

Accepted Answer

Direct contact, direct instruction, interacting with others, vicarious conditioning

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