question

new mother's scores on a measure of extreme stress should correlate ____ with their infants' birth weights

answer

negatively

question

among police officers, the frequency of chronic work stressors is ____ associated with PTSD symptoms

answer

positively

question

Eustress is to distress as ___ is to ____

answer

positive; negative

question

data from the American Psychological Association indicates that Americans' top two sources of stress are

answer

money and work

question

according to the text, ____ of research articles have linked stress and heart disease

answer

tens of thousands

question

daily exercise is associated with

answer

both physical and health and mood

question

catecholamines are to corticosteriods as ____ is to _____

answer

epinephrine; cortisol

question

when catecholamines are released in the human body

answer

digestion slows

question

Nielson and colleagues found that among men, stress intensity was_____ associated with the likelihood of colorectal cancer

answer

positively, but not strongly

question

which type of correlation might one expect between scores on a hardiness questionnaire and scored on a measure of optimism

answer

a strong positive one

question

based on the textbook's definition of health psychology, one can infer that health psychologist generally adhere to a ___ perspective

answer

biopsychosocial

question

which sequence correctly orders the stages of the general adaption syndrome, from first to last

answer

alarm>resistance >exhaustion

question

cortisol___ one's response to immediate danger. It _____ immune system functioning when its levels remain high for a prolonged period of timme

answer

improves; impairs

question

biofeedback os a practical legacy of the ___perspective in psychology

answer

behavioral

question

which behavior is correctly matched with an adjective used to describe it

answer

type b- cooperative

question

the notion that some degree of stress may be a good thing is MOST consistent with the ______ theory of motivation, and LEAST consistent with the _____ theory

answer

arousal;drive

question

____ coping is to addressing work problems with a colleague as ___ coping is to talking to your hair stylist about all of the problems at work

answer

problem focused; emotion focused

question

stimulus is to response as ____ is to ____

answer

stressor; stress

question

everyday experiences that usually make people happy are called

answer

uplifts

question

the textbook suggests that people smoke to ease stress and to improve their mood, in the language of operant conditioning, stress relief maintains smoking through ______. An improved mood maintains smoking through

answer

negative reinforcement; positive reinforcement

question

on one scale, higher scales indicate a more internal locus of control. Based on research described in the text, how might scored on this test correlate with scores on health assessments

answer

positively

question

one limitation of the Social readjustment rating scale is that it

answer

relied on the repsondents memory of events

question

Neilson et al conducted a large scale prospective study of the link between stress and colorectal cancer among both men and women, the researchers found that stress

answer

had opposite associations to colorectal cancer for men and women

question

the textbook states that "smokers report that they smoke more cigs in response to stessors. : this result is MOST likely derives from ___ research

answer

survey

question

Field and Diego report that prenatal stressors are associated with fussing and crying in babies. This finding suggests the hypothesis that prenatal stress many be related to a____ temperament in infancy

answer

difficult

question

at which state of Selye's general adaption model (GAS) are individuals MOST likely to show the negative consequences of stress

answer

exhaustion

question

The British Cohort Study explored the relationship between locus of control and health outcomes. To express this relationship, the investigators probably computed at lease on ____ coeffcient

answer

correlation

question

Nielson and collegues found that among women, stress intesity was ____ associated with the likelihood of colorectal cancer

answer

negatively

question

which statement is true

answer

emotion focused coping may be more effective than problem focused coping when the situation is uncontrollable

question

an elevated risk of hear disease is associated with

answer

both job stress and social evaluative threat

question

among older married adults, the frequency of helping others is _____ correlated with mortality rates

answer

negatively

question

Kim is aggressive, competitive, and ambitious. Lonnie is relaxed, cooperative, and patient. Morrie is anxious, tense, and pessimistic. Which individual is correctly paired with the behavior pattern he or she reflects

answer

Lonnie- Type B

question

the correlation between the duration of stress and the risk of a cold is

answer

positive

question

problem focused coping is to ____ as emotion focused coping is to _____

answer

getting a deadline extended; binge drinking

question

Juan feels caught "between a rock and a hard place" A psychologist would say that Juan is experiencing a ____ conflict

answer

avoidance-avoidance

question

of those people who have experienced a "psychological truama," how many actually develop PTSD

answer

a tiny minority

question

B lynphocytes are formed in the

answer

bone marrow

question

the textbook states that many people with PTSD attempt to avoid the environmental cues associated with the truama. In the lanuage of classical conditioning, these cues are

answer

negative reinforcers

question

when a threatening situation occurs, the ____ nervous system becomes active. When the threat is over, the ____ nervous system becomes active

answer

sympathetic; parasympathetic

question

One's initial assessment of an event as challenging or stressful is called ____ appraisal. One's assessment of how to respond to the event is called ____ appraisal

answer

primary; secondary

question

coritisol is secreted by the

answer

adrenal glands

question

when a stressful situation occurs, the brain's ____ activates the ____ nervous system

answer

hypothalamus; sympathetic

question

individuals who believe they control their own fates display an ____ locus of control

answer

internal

question

the pioneering stress theorist___ proposed the general adaption syndrome to describe the body's response of stressors

answer

Hans Selye

question

the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral abilities used to manage a challenge or threat is called

answer

coping

question

the component of the Type A pattern MOST strongly linked to coronary heart disease is that of

answer

hostility

question

a study examining the link between life events and breast cancer found that

answer

the death of a spouse was modestly associated with breast cancer

question

chronic stress is ____ associated with the risk of illnesses involving inflammation

answer

positively

question

which stage of the general adaptation syndrome is correctly matched with its description

answer

alarm- perceiving a threat or stressor

question

which type of conflict is matched with its definition

answer

approach-avoidance- a conflict involving a situation with attractive an unattractive features

question

Dr. Alastair examines the relationship among psychological factors, the immune system, and the nervous system. Dr.Alastair is a

answer

psychoneuroimmunologist

question

the field of health psychology gained momentum in the

answer

1960s

question

stress may impair the production of disease fighting while blood cells called

answer

lymphocytes

question

stress has been linked to suppression of both ____ and _____ in the immune system

answer

T lymphocytes; NK cells

question

macrophages are cells that

answer

hunt and consume harmful invaders in the body

question

according to the textbook, biofeeback is MOST useful in reducing ____ among _____

answer

headache and chronic pain; all age groups

question

the HPA system oversees the sympathetic nervous system's repsonse to stress. The "H" and "P" in the acronym stand for the _____ and the _____ gland

answer

hypothalamus; pituitary

question

many forms of ___ emphasize control and awareness of ones breathing

answer

meditation

question

Ellen recieves a large tip from a customer. Ellen has experienced a

answer

uplift

question

the interdisciplinary field that studies the relationship between behavioral and biomedical science is known as

answer

health psychology

question

in a ____ conflict, an individual must decide between two alternative, each possessing both appealing and unappealing qualities

answer

double approach avoidance

question

which type A characteristics are MOST associated with an increased risk for coronary disease and heart attacks

answer

anger and hostility

question

when an individual clings to his or her original culture and fails to adapts to a new one, he or she is taking the ___ approach to acculturation

answer

separation

question

T lmyphocytes are to the ____ as B lymphocytes are to the ____

answer

thymus; bone marrow

question

following an ugly confrontation with a coworker, Simon seeks sympathy from is friends. Simon is practicing ____ coping

answer

emotion focused

question

Brendan must give an oral presentation at the start of his class in 10 minutes. In response to this threat

answer

catecholamines are secreted

question

according to the stress inoculation hypothesis, one might obtain a _____ function if one were to graph to the relationship between major life events and illness

answer

u shaped

question

the textbook describes research examining the effects of cortisol on police officers' performance on simulated tasks. Compared to its effect on police officers' working memory, cortisol's effect on the officer's ability to determine whether a perpetrator had a weapon was

answer

the opposite

question

Casey and his wife Courtney are both trying to quit smoking cigs, All else being equal, Courtney is MORE likely than Casey to experience each of these EXCEPT

answer

cig cravings

question

Siobhan useally has two or three cocktails in the late afternoon to "take the edge off" the stress created by her demanding job. Siobhan's behavior illustrates the ____ hypothesis

answer

self medication

question

This morning, Barb must not only finish research paper due this afternoon but also prepare a presentation for her evening class tonight. Today's short term stressors should ____ the number of NK cells, thereby _____ immune system functioning

answer

increase; enhancing

question

_____ release antibodies that fight bacterial infections

answer

B lymphocytes

question

Evan is considering two part time jobs.....

answer

double approach avoidance

question

Sydney is on her way to a meeting with her boss. Responding to this anxiety provoking situation, Sydney's

answer

blood flows to her muscles

question

___ lymphocytes attack cancer cells, viruses, and other foreign substances

answer

T

question

Maya owes the credit card company $20,000.....

answer

exhaustion

question

type A personality is to Type B personality as ____ is to ____

answer

aggressive; nonaggressive

question

Mrs. Jones has been caring for her terminally ill mother for a year now. She has continued to work at a demanding job, and she has three active teenagers. These long term stressors should ____ the number of NK cells, thereby _____ immune system

answer

decrease; impairing

question

dissociative symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder include

answer

distorted perceptions of the world

question

NK cells

answer

prevent the spread of infection

question

according to the textbook, which of these scales may be outdated

answer

both of these scales mat be outdated

question

which is NOT one of the physiological responses to stress

answer

digestion increases

question

the textbook notes that alcohol is frequently used to "counteract the negative feelings associated with stress." in the language of operant conditioning, alcohol use is therefore often maintained by

answer

negative reinforcement

question

___ provides visual or auditory information about biological processes, allowing an individual to learn to control his or her physiological processes

answer

biofeedback

question

in increases rick of heart disease is associated with the ____ personality

answer

type A

question

people who are easygoing, relaxed, and don't let things bother them are classidfied as

answer

type B

question

misplacing one's keys is an example of

answer

daily hassle

question

insecure, negative, and anxious personality traits are characteristics of which personality style

answer

Type D

question

the negative development of stress become apparent during

answer

prenatal development

question

in psychology of health and stress, Hans Selye is associated with the study of

answer

the general adaptation syndrome

question

among children, the level of conflict in the home is ____ associated with cortisol levels

answer

positively

question

the Hassles and Uplifts Scale was created by

answer

DeLongis and colleagues

question

which concept is correctly matched with its definition

answer

eustress- the stress response to agreeable or pleasant events

question

Holmes and Rahe were among the first to propose a link between

answer

life events and stress

question

a standard in the American songbook is Harold Arlen and Ted Koehler's "Between the devil and the deep blue sea. " This song title refers to a _____ conflict

answer

avoidance-avoidance

question

the relationship between smoking cigs and improves mood is

answer

confirmed by correlational research, but disconfirmed by experimental research

question

T lymphocytes are to the ____ as B lymphocytes are to the _____

answer

thymus; bone marrow

question

Stefan receives an unexpected bill. He decides to contact the creditor to work out a payment plan. Stefan's response illustrates

answer

secondary appraisal

question

according to Holmes and Rahe

answer

major life events have a cumulative effect on stress

question

Donald takes 15 min lunch breaks, goes to the bathroom only when he must, has to have his cell phone with him at all time, checks his Blackberry the moment he wakes up, and puts in 14 hour days at the office. Donald is a _____ personality

answer

type A

question

recall the Big Five personality dimensions. Type D individuals are likely to be high in

answer

neuroticism

question

which statement if false

answer

there is no evidence that meditation is associated with changes in the brain

question

the Social Readjustment Rating Scale has _____ cross cultural validity

answer

substantial

question

T lymphocytes mature in the

answer

thymus

question

physiologically, exercise ___ blood flow and activates the ____ nervous system

answer

increases; autonomic

question

despite growing up in an environment characterized by unemployment, violence, drug abuse, and poverty, Geoff finished college and is successful and thriving today. Geof exhibits

answer

hardiness

question

Anders owns a struggling coffee shop and has just received devastating news....

answer

alarm

question

socioeconomic status is ____ correlated with scores on measures of health

answer

positively

question

when an individual not only retains elements of his or her original culture but also adapts to elements of a new one, he or she is adopting the _____ approach to acculturation

answer

integration

question

PTSD most often results from

answer

cataclysmic events

question

the Social Readjustment Rating Scale was most popular in the

answer

1960s and 1970s

question

according to the textbook, the tendency to rely on alcohol to cope with daily hassles is especially pronounced among

answer

adolescents

question

Marisol is learning to control her heart rate and respiration while viewing visual displays of these processes. Marisol is using

answer

biofeedback

question

"Always look on the bright side of life," advises a Tin Pan Alley standard. This lyric is promoting _____ coping

answer

emotion focused

question

which of the following statements about stress is true

answer

stress depends to a large extent on how events are interpreted

question

an increase of fatty deposits, inflammation, and scar tissue within artery walls is called

answer

atherosclerosis

question

based on the textbooks discussion, what is the MOST reasonable conclusion regarding the link between stress and ulcers

answer

stress may or may not be related to ulcers- the result from empirical research are mixed

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