Question 1

T/F: The invincibility fable reflects adolescent egocentrism.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 2

T/F: Adults are usually aware of the \"sexting\" that occurs between adolescents.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 3

T/F: Parents and teachers are often unaware of cyberbullying among adolescents.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 4

T/F: Andre, an adolescent, constantly thinks about himself and how others perceive him. This egocentrism is common at his age.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 5

T/F: The United States has the best high school graduation rates of all developed nations.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 6

T/F: Adolescents place a very high value on social warmth and friendships.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 7

T/F: Adolescents from low-income households are less likely to use the Internet at home than those from higher-income households.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 8

T/F: Madeleine invested significant amounts of time, money, and effort while a member of a specific club. She now thinks she must continue as a member in order not to waste all that she invested. Madeleine is experiencing a sunk cost fallacy.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 9

T/F: Because the limbic system is activated by puberty but the prefrontal cortex matures more gradually over time, adolescents might be swayed by their intuition instead of by logic.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 10

T/F: Adolescents\' belief that others are as intensely interested in them as they are in themselves is referred to as the invincibility fable.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 11

T/F: Egocentrism leads adolescents to interpret everyone else\'s behavior as if it were a judgment on them.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 12

T/F: \"This creature barks and wags its tail. Dogs bark and wag tails. Therefore, this must be a dog.\" This is an example of deductive reasoning.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 13

T/F: Antisocial students (e.g., aggressive, drug-using) tend to be popular in middle school.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 14

T/F: Some adolescents do not feel invincible; instead, they have exaggerated perceptions of risks.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 15

T/F: Video games with violent content have not been associated with aggression in adolescents.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 16

Research has shown that adolescents who drop out of high school may show early signs of high school dropout by _____.   A. preschool B. elementary school C. middle school D. high school

Accepted Answer

C

Question 17

Benjamin has heard repeatedly from his parents about the potential dangers of smoking and he agrees with his parents about the potential dangers. At a party Benjamin is offered a cigarette but declines it even though the person who offered the cigarette is one of the most popular students at school. In this situation, what type of thinking is most likely dominating Benjamin\'s decision to decline the cigarette?   A. inductive reasoning B. intuitive thought C. concrete reasoning D. analytic thought

Accepted Answer

D

Question 18

Fifteen-year-old Richard wants to be allowed to drive the family car, even though he does not yet have a driver\'s license. When his parents ask him why he thinks he should have driving privileges, he answers, \"I know other kids who do it, and it\'s just stupid that I have to wait another three months until I turn 16.\" This is an example of what kind of thinking?   A. reasoning B. intuitive C. logical D. analytical

Accepted Answer

B

Question 19

Which statement is TRUE?   A. Hypothetical thought is tied to the everyday world as the individual knows it. B. Hypothetical thought is emotionally based. C. Hypothetical thought involves imagined possibilities. D. Hypothetical thought is an aspect of concrete operational thinking.

Accepted Answer

C

Question 20

A strategy to increase student motivation in middle schools is to encourage a belief in _____.   A. students\' ability to master whatever they seek to learn B. doing homework C. the entity approach to learning D. studying for tests

Accepted Answer

A

Question 21

Who are considered to be \"digital natives\" in the United States?   A. infants B. adolescents C. adults between the ages of 35 and 55 D. adults over the age of 65

Accepted Answer

B

Question 22

Spencer is the only one in his class who does not have high-speed Internet at home. Spencer most likely comes from a _____.   A. low-income family B. middle-income family C. upper-income family D. highly educated family

Accepted Answer

A

Question 23

Most U.S. high schools emphasize learning based on _____, which is developmentally appropriate.   A. formal thinking B. memorization C. practical cognition D. international standards

Accepted Answer

A

Question 24

Which of the following is TRUE about the best pedagogical style for adolescents?   A. Co-education and high-stakes testing produce the best results. B. Co-education and practical skills-focused instruction produce the best results. C. Single-sex education allows for higher academic achievement. D. There is no best structure or pedagogy for every student.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 25

Which factor is a good predictor of health for people around the world?   A. obtaining a master\'s degree or a Ph.D. B. completing secondary education C. attending private instead of public schools D. attending schools that follow Western academia

Accepted Answer

B

Question 26

What group is likely to experience logic failures in thinking?  A. adolescents only B. adults only C. adolescents and adults D. neither adolescents or adults

Accepted Answer

C

Question 27

The power of the invincibility fable may be observed in _____.   A. a 17-year-old boy who drives cautiously B. an 18-year-old girl who insists that her boyfriend use a condom C. young military recruits who hope to be sent into combat D. an adolescent who sings, thinking that the neighbors must be listening

Accepted Answer

C

Question 28

Avery, who is 14 years old, is attending her first swim team practice. She is very sensitive to the facial expressions, body language, communication styles, and other social cues given by her new teammates. Avery\'s sensitivity to these social cues is aided by her adolescent _____.  A. hypothetical thinking B. deductive thinking C. inductive thinking D. egocentrism

Accepted Answer

D

Question 29

In recent years, the so-called digital divide has _____ among adolescents.  A. increased B. decreased C. remained steady D. disappeared

Accepted Answer

B

Question 30

Middle school typically includes grades _____.  A. 4 to 6 B. 5 to 7 C. 6 to 8 D. 7 to 9

Accepted Answer

C

Question 31

T/F: Secondary school teachers typically assume that their pupils have mastered formal thinking instead of teaching them how to do it.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 32

T/F: Video games with violent content have not been associated with aggression in adolescents.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 33

T/F: Today, about 75 percent of adolescents spend time online.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 34

T/F: Usually academic achievement increases and behavioral problems decrease during middle school.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 35

T/F: In an experiment by Inhelder and Piaget that involved balancing a scale with weights, the age at which children were first able to use the trial-and-error method to achieve some understanding of balancing was approximately 10 years.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 36

T/F: High school students can think abstractly, analytically, hypothetically, and logically as well as emotionally and intuitively.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 37

T/F: As adolescents develop their capacity for hypothetical thinking, they become more capable of deductive reasoning.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 38

T/F: Acute self-consciousness about physical appearance is much more prevalent between the ages of 16 and 20 than earlier or later.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 39

T/F: Hypothetical thought involves reasoning only about propositions that reflect reality.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 40

T/F: The belief in an imaginary audience makes adolescents self-conscious.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 41

T/F: A dual-process model of thinking includes inductive and deductive thinking.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 42

T/F: Intuitive thought is cognitively easier than analytic thought.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 43

Fifteen-year-old Latrina has a 10 P.M. curfew. She asks her parents to extend her curfew to 11 P.M. on weekends. When her parents ask her why, Latrina replies, \"I\'ve never been late for my 10 P.M. curfew. You can trust me. Can we at least give it a try?\" This is an example of what kind of thinking?   A. concrete operational B. intuitive thought C. emotional thought D. analytical thought

Accepted Answer

D

Question 44

Many adolescents feel that their own thoughts and experiences are far more extraordinary than those of other people. This is part of their _____.   A. personal fable B. post-operational thought C. moral reasoning D. invincibility fable

Accepted Answer

A

Question 45

Which statement is FALSE?   A. secondary education refers to schooling completed after high school graduation, such as college or vocational training. B. No matter where they live, individuals who complete secondary education are healthier. C. Every nation is increasing the number of students in secondary education. D. As the age of puberty has decreased, some schools of secondary education now start with grade 5.

Accepted Answer

A

Question 46

Jeremy is 7 years old and has been asked to balance a scale with weights that can be hooked to the arms of the scale. Jeremy will probably _____.   A. solve the problem through a trial-and-error strategy B. put weights on both sides without considering distance from the center of the scale C. understand the inverse relationship between distance and weight D. put all the weights on one side of the scale

Accepted Answer

B

Question 47

Which student is MOST likely to be admired during middle school?  A. Allie, who is a straight A student B. Lloyd, who attends school regularly but fails most of his classes C. Louisa, who uses marijuana and frequently finds herself in physical fights. D. Chong, who is conscientious and friendly

Accepted Answer

C

Question 48

Albert et al. (2013) ran a series of experiments in which adults and adolescents, alone or with peers, played a video game. In the game, taking risks could lead to crashes or gaining points. The experiments found that _____, unlike the _____, were much more likely to take risks and crash when they were _____.   A. adults; adolescents; alone B. adolescents; adults; alone C. adults; adolescents; with peers D. adolescents; adults; with peers

Accepted Answer

D

Question 49

Rachel and Matt are in their first year of middle school. Statistically, one would expect their academic achievement to _____.   A. improve B. decline C. remain the same as in elementary school D. exhibit an erratic pattern of rising and falling

Accepted Answer

B

Question 50

Juanita just solved this math problem: (35xy2)(6zy3). Her ability to do so places her in which of Piaget\'s stages of cognitive development?  A. sensorimotor B. preoperational C. concrete operational D. formal operational

Accepted Answer

D

Question 51

During puberty, adolescents\' thoughts center on _____.   A. friends B. society C. family D. themselves

Accepted Answer

D

Question 52

One of the most prominent aspects of formal operational thought is the ability to _____.   A. reject adult thought and values B. think in terms of possibilities C. take another person\'s point of view D. use practical problem-solving skills

Accepted Answer

B

Question 53

Thinking intensely about themselves and about what others think about them is called _____.   A. hypotheticalism B. deductive thinking C. inductive thinking D. egocentrism

Accepted Answer

D

Question 54

One type of high school class that is assessed by externally scored exams that may satisfy college requirements is _____.   A. IB (International Baccalaureate) B. PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) C. TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study) D. PIRLS (Progress in International Reading Literacy Study)

Accepted Answer

A

Question 55

\"If-then\" propositions require _____.  A. concrete thought B. operational thought C. postformal thought D. hypothetical thought

Accepted Answer

D

Question 56

T/F: All high school students who take Advanced Placement classes will be well prepared for college.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 57

T/F: The United States has the best high school graduation rates of all developed nations.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 58

A study (Gentile, 2011) of almost 2,000 older children and adolescents in the United States found that these individuals played an average of _____ hours of video games each day.   A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8

Accepted Answer

A

Question 59

Many developmentalists find middle schools to be \"developmentally regressive,\" which means _____.   A. teachers do not allow students to be independent B. learning goes backward C. the curriculum is not high-quality D. students do not desire autonomy

Accepted Answer

B

Question 60

The nations with the best PISA results do NOT _____.   A. focus on memorization of math formulas B. have a culture that strongly values education C. show respect for the teaching profession D. place the best teachers with the students who need them most

Accepted Answer

A

Question 61

A thought that arises through a \"feeling\" that the thought is right is referred to as a(n) _____ thought.   A. intuitive B. factual C. experimental D. logical

Accepted Answer

A

Question 62

What is an example of the sunk cost fallacy?   A. walking out of a movie theater when the movie is only half over because the movie is poor quality B. stopping painting a bedroom because the color is too bright C. reading a book to the end even though the reader was bored by chapter 3 D. sleeping in on the weekend to catch up on sleep

Accepted Answer

C

Question 63

Today, the most notable digital divide is based on _____.   A. age B. gender C. socioeconomic status (SES) D. religion

Accepted Answer

A

Question 64

Kristy and her friends come up with several options of things to do on Friday night, and ultimately decide to go to a new movie because it received positive reviews. In making this decision Kristy and her friends are using what type of thought?   A. deductive reasoning B. intuitive thought C. concrete reasoning D. analytic thought

Accepted Answer

B

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