PSYC 160: Ch. 11 – Flashcards

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Many emerging adults want to engage in sexual activity but know that they are not emotionally ready to be parents. Their solution is:
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contraception.
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About _____ percent of females with AIDS contracted it through rape.
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20
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Low birth weight, undernutrition in infancy, and rapid weight gain in early childhood are associated with _____ in emerging adulthood.
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a higher risk of disease
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Raul's family maintains a strong ethnic identity. To increase his chances of doing well in college he should:
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resist both assimilation and alienation.
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Lee is clingy and very jealous, fearing that other men are after his wife. We might suspect that his early attachment pattern was:
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anxious
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How many emerging adults in the United States, Canada, northern Europe, England, and Australia cohabit during emerging adulthood?
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the majority
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Compared to college students 30 years ago, more students today are:
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focusing on career preparation.
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Risk taking during early adulthood:
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may benefit or harm society.
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A person between the ages of 18 and 25 is entering a stage developmentalists call:
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emerging adulthood.
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During emerging adulthood, self-esteem and happiness _____ for most people.
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increase
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According to Erikson, once an emerging adult has established a sense of identity, he or she needs to resolve which crisis?
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intimacy versus isolation
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For most people, social networking has _____ social isolation in emerging adulthood.
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decreased
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Professor Mtukudzi finished school in 1960 and loved his experience. He is MOST apt to believe the reason for a student to attend college should be to increase the student's:
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personal and intellectual growth.
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Approximately what percentage of 18 to 25 year olds in the United States and Canada are of African, Latino, Asian, or Native American descent?
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50
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The term massification means that:
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college could benefit everyone.
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Using a drug in a quantity or a manner that harms physical, cognitive, or psychosocial well-being is called drug:
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abuse
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All members of a family have _____, as the experiences and needs of individuals at one stage of life are affected by all those at other stages.
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linked lives
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About _____ percent of all new cases of STIs worldwide occur in people under the age of 26.
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50
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Social networking may lead to ______, which happens when there are too many people available to meet and evaluate as potential life partners.
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choice overload
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Genevieve is about to complete her bachelor's degree. If she is typical, once she is established in her career she will earn approximately _____ more per year than a peer without a college degree.
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$20,000
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A longitudinal study done by Arum and colleagues on a cross-section of U.S. college students found that students' cognitive growth was _____ that of college students 20 years ago.
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half of
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Why does research suggest caution with regard to cohabitation?
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Cohabitators who marry have a high rate of divorce.
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The recent effort by countries around the world to increase the number of young people attending college is prompted by national governments' belief in:
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massification
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Which statement made by a teacher is MOST likely to activate stereotype threat?
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"This exam will show which gender has better grammatical skills."
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Which statement is false about people between the ages of 18 and 25?
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They undergo routine diagnostic tests such as colonoscopies.
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On average, emerging adults today show _____ compared to older adults.
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less prejudice overall
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Biologically, the years from 18 to 25 are the ideal time for:
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physical work and successful reproduction.
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According to the text, the term used to describe a person between the ages of 18 and 25 is:
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emerging adult
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Approximately what percentage of young adults in the United States rate their health as good, very good, or excellent?
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96
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Most women under age 30 who gave birth in 2011:
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were not married.
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Young adults rarely die from:
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heart disease.
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In the United States, how many people in their mid-20s feel that premarital sex "is not wrong at all"?
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53%
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Half of all new cases of STIs occur in people:
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younger than 26.
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Which of the following nations are making progress in its effort to halt AIDS?
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Brazil
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The possibility that one's appearance or behavior will be misread to confirm another person's prejudice is known as:
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stereotype threat.
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Massification is the idea that establishing higher learning institutions and encouraging college enrollment could:
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benefit everyone.
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In every developed nation, _____ of college students are female.
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more than half
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During which stage did Erikson believe that adults seek someone with whom to share their lives in an enduring and self-sacrificing commitment?
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intimacy versus isolation
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Worldwide, emerging adults think about their identities in terms of:
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political loyalties and religious commitments, gender roles, and ethnic and vocational identities
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During late adolescence and early adulthood, people are _____ to be proud of their ethnic background.
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likely
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Research reveals that personality is:
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genetically influenced, environmentally influenced, and not fixed; plasticity is evident.
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In general, emerging adults experience:
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increasing self-esteem.
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Severe anxiety and depression are not unusual during adolescence and emerging adulthood, especially for:
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young women.
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Distorted thinking, lack of energy, and flat affect can all be signs of:
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schizophrenia
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After age _____, few people are newly diagnosed with schizophrenia.
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30
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In which of the following countries is cohabitation considered unusual?
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Ireland
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The period of emerging adulthood occurs between __________ years old.
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18 and 25
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According to your text, _____ percent of young adults in the United States rated their health as good, very good, or excellent.
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95
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According to the text, by age ____, the immune system can fight off just about everything from the sniffles to cancer.
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20
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Historically, most couples had their first child as teenagers, whereas now most women are having their first child at age _____.
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25
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Most people over age 65 think that premarital sex is:
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wrong
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What percentage of emerging adults has at least one sexually transmitted infection?
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50
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The leading cause of death for young men in South Africa is:
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AIDS
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Which of the following may be a destructive risk common in emerging adulthood?
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driving fast without a seat belt, abusing drugs, carrying a loaded gun
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Forms of recreation that risk causing injury or death, and are attractive and thrilling as a result, are referred to as:
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extreme sports.
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The possibility that one's appearance or behavior will be misread to confirm another person's prejudices is:
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stereotype threat.
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U.S. Census data confirm that a college degree adds about _____ per year to a worker's salary.
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$20,000
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College trends indicate that:
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more girls than boys attend college.
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Erikson's fifth stage of development, identity versus role confusion, starts in adolescence and is completed:
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later during adulthood.
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A longitudinal study found that students at four-year colleges were more likely to be involved in _____ than were students at two-year colleges.
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extra-curricular activities
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Personality patterns of adults are affected by:
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cultural norms, social context, and genetic continuity.
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Aggressive young adults:
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rated themselves as quite conscientious.
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Social phobia is most likely to be diagnosed in women around age:
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20
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Which disorder is characterized by having irrational thoughts, delusions, and hallucinations?
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schizophrenia
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A commonality among intimate relationships is that they:
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progress from attraction to close connection to ongoing commitment.
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The idea that each of us enlarges our understanding, our experiences, and our resources through our intimate relationships is known as:
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self-expansion.
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Define homeostasis.
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Adjustment of all body's systems to keep physiological functions in a state of equilibrium.
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Define dualism.
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Right and wrong answer; tell me what it is.
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Define relativism.
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There are so many different points of view; they're all right.
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Define commitment.
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There are different points of view but here's what I believe and here's why.
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Define the theory of self-authorship.
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The internal capacity to define one's belief's, identity, and social relations; self-scripting.
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What're the four phases of emerging adulthood?
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1. Forming formulas 2. Crossroads 3. Becoming the author of one's life 4. Internal foundation
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Explain forming formulas.
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Following ideas from others.
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Explain crossroads.
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Plan that a student has been following, but doesn't fit anymore. New plans need to be established. Dissatisfied with self. (Action has not been taken yet)
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Explain becoming the author of one's life.
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Ability to choose own beliefs and stand up for them (conflict and opposing viewpoints).
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Explain internal foundation.
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Grounded in their self-determined belief system, in their sense of who they are, and the mutuality of their relationships.
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Define ethnic identity.
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How members of ethnic, racial, and cultural minorities view themselves, both as members of their own group and in terms of their relationships with other groups.
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What is Helm's White Racial Identity Model?
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Phase 1: Abandonment of Racism Phase 2: Movement towards a nonracist identity
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Define prejudice.
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An unjustified (usually negative) attitude toward a group and it's members; sometimes unconscious bias.
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Define fundamental attribution error.
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When we go too far in assuming that a person's behavior is caused by their personality. (Overemphasize disposition attribution and under-emphasize situational attribution.)
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