PSY1010CH15TherapySummativeQuiz – Flashcards

The introduction of therapeutic drugs and community-based treatment programs in the _____ helped to empty large mental hospitals as well as mark an era of improved treatments.

1940s
1950s
1960s
1970s

A therapist who uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic methods is said to be using a(n) _____ approach.

client-centered
eclectic
humanistic
meta-analysis

Mental health reform came about from _____ and _____

Sigmund Freud; Jonathan Shedler
David Shapiro; Carl Rogers
Ivan Pavlov; Mary Cover Jones
Philippe Pinel; Dorothea Dix

This form of treatment associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol).

operant conditioning procedures
punishment
classical conditioning techniques
aversive conditioning

A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of water by getting her to swim in the family’s backyard pool three times a day for two consecutive weeks. The therapist’s approach to helping Rebecca BEST illustrates:

stress inoculation training.
aversive conditioning.
exposure therapy.
EMDR.

The goal of stress inoculation training is to reduce incapacitating anxiety by encouraging people to say positive things to themselves during anxiety-producing situations. This BEST illustrates a form of:

light exposure therapy.
psychodynamic therapy.
humanistic therapy.
cognitive therapy.

Because she mistakenly believes the herbal remedy she is using will help her lose weight, Mrs. Redding is feeling a considerable reduction in her appetite. This BEST illustrates:

systematic desensitization.
progressive relaxation.
the placebo effect.
tardive dyskinesia.

Good therapies seem to share much in common, including:

the goal of insight into unconscious conflict.
the length of the therapeutic relationship.
hope for demoralized people.
a professional, slightly removed relationship with the therapist.

Which of these is NOT one of the signals suggested by the American Psychological Association that a person should consider seeking help from a professional?

sexual difficulties
disruptive fears
feelings of hopelessness
comments from friends on one’s strange behavior

Antipsychotic drugs are to _____ as a cork is to a _____.

tardive dyskinesia; bottle
dopamine receptors; bottle opener
dopamine receptors; bottle
serotonin receptors; bottle opener

In a study using _____, half of the patients receive a drug and the other half receives a similar-appearing placebo. Neither the patients in the study, nor the staff administering the treatment, know who gets which treatment.

a counterconditioning technique
a double-blind technique
an aversive psychotherapy procedure
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)

Mel and her doctor are trying to decide which medication Mel should use to reduce her psychotic symptoms. Her doctor told her that the first-generation dopamine-blocking drugs can have side effects such as:

twitches and tremors.
hyperactivity.
hyperalertness.
obesity.

A token economy incorporates _____ to modify behaviors by reinforcing desired behaviors with tokens that can be exchanged for various treats.

operant conditioning procedures
punishment
classical conditioning techniques
aversive conditioning

_____ is a behavior therapy procedure that does NOT condition new responses to stimuli that originally triggered an unwanted behavior.

Counterconditioning
Exposure therapy
Aversive conditioning
Resistance

In an eating disorders clinic, the patients receive merits for good eating behaviors such as finishing their meal, and not exercising after their meal. This BEST illustrates an application of:

stress inoculation training.
systematic desensitization.
the token economy.
virtual reality exposure therapy.

Evidence suggests that the most effective psychotherapists are those who:

employ personality tests to accurately diagnose their clients’ difficulties.
have had many years of experience practicing psychotherapy.
establish an empathic, caring relationship with their clients.
discourage clients from using antianxiety or antidepressant drugs

It is difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of psychotherapy because:

testimonials from former patients can be misleading.
it is difficult to locate participants after therapy has concluded.
clients generally do not speak well of their therapists after therapy has concluded.
clients have no need to believe or promote that the therapy was effective.

This medication was originally used to treat epilepsy and is also found effective in the control of manic episodes associated with bipolar disorder.

Clozaril
Risperdal
Depakote
Lithium

Which of these drugs is an antianxiety agent?

Xanax
Prozac
Clozaril
Thorazine

You recognize that self-blaming and overgeneralized explanations of bad events are often an integral part of the vicious cycle of depression. You are most likely a:

cognitive therapist.
client-centered therapist.
family therapist.
psychodynamic therapist.

When a patient in psychoanalysis begins to have feelings toward their therapist such as love or hatred and those feelings are linked to other relationships they have or have had, they are experiencing:

blocking.
resistance.
transference.
counter-transference.

The head of a large corporation is considering the benefits her firm will offer employees. If she offers employees effective treatment for psychological problems, chances are good that:

medical costs will be reduced.
medical costs will be increased.
work efficiency will go down.
absenteeism will go up.

It is difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of psychotherapy because:

people often enter therapy in crisis, and these crises often pass without professional help.
clients have no need to believe or promote that the therapy was effective.
clients never speak kindly about their therapists.
clients transfer their problems onto their therapists, but the problem still exists.

Steffan recently suffered a traumatic experience and is now seeing a therapist on a regular basis. His therapist waves her finger in front of Steffan’s eyes while he imagines the traumatic scene. This type of therapy is known as:

eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR).
mesmerism.
exposure therapy.
systematic desensitization.

At his weekly therapy session, Henry became agitated at his therapist, saying that she was controlling, domineering, and trying to ruin his life with all of her mothering. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates:

transference.
meta-analysis.
resistance.
regression toward the mean.

Who emphasized the importance of active listening in the process of psychotherapy?

Mary Cover Jones
Carl Rogers
Sigmund Freud
Hans Eysenck

Roxanne suffers from anorexia. At the eating disorders clinic, her therapist believes in using only empirically-supported treatments such as:

light exposure therapy.
psychodynamic therapy.
family therapy.
cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Dr. Salazar is conducting his last therapy session with Delores, a client he has been seeing for two years. In this case, it is most likely to conclude that the therapy was effective if Delores:

speaks kindly of Dr. Salazar.
has experienced a temporary relief.
is seeking a new therapist.
does not experience recurring problems.

For the last three months, Selma has been seeing her therapist weekly. Which is most likely NOT a reason she is feeling much better?

She has more hope.
She has been given a new perspective.
Her therapist is empathic and she feels he cares about her.
Her therapist communicates his coldness to her to maintain his professional detachment and demeanor.

Dr. Pimler is conducting a study on a new antipsychotic medication. In order to determine if the drug is effective, he should:

not use a placebo.
use the double-blind technique.
have only treatment groups, and no control groups.
only include males in his study

With _____, patients receive repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain. These pulses can be used to stimulate activity in various areas of the brain.

repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)
eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
electrocardiogram (EKG)

Today, Ellen is going to the mental health clinic for a new treatment. During the procedure, her brain will be exposed to repeated pulses of magnetic energy. This type of treatment is known as:

repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS).
selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitor (SSRI).
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).
electrocardiogram (EKG).

When a patient in psychoanalysis blocks anxiety-laden material from their consciousness, they are experiencing:

blocking.
resistance.
transference.
counter-transference.

A patient recently admitted to the hospital is complaining of auditory hallucinations. She might be treated with:

Xanax
Thorazine
Lithium
Prozac

In a residential treatment facility for troubled youth, adolescent children receive large colored buttons when they hang up their clothes, make their beds, and come to meals on time. The children return the buttons to staff members to receive bedtime snacks or watch television. This BEST illustrates an application of:

stress inoculation training.
systematic desensitization.
operant conditioning.
virtual reality exposure therapy.

Classical psychoanalysts are especially interested in:

encouraging clients by exhibiting genuineness and acceptance.
minimizing the possibility that clients would experience anxiety during therapy.
discouraging clients from using antianxiety or antidepressant drugs.
interpreting the meaning of clients’ resistance to therapeutic procedures.

The placebo effect BEST illustrates the importance of _____ in therapeutic outcomes.

active listening
free association
behavior modification
cognitive processes

During a therapy session, Jenny focuses on several intrusive thoughts that have been bothering her. The therapist tells Jenny to report any ideas or memories stimulated by these thoughts. Jenny’s therapist is using a technique known as:

active listening.
free association.
systematic desensitization.
transference.

A _____ is a statistical procedure for combining the results of many different research studies, as if the results had come from one huge study.

factor analysis
correlation study
meta-analysis
descriptive study

Which factor does not seem to be a therapeutically effective component of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing?

reliving traumatic memories
rapidly moving one’s eyes
a relaxing therapeutic environment
patients’ anticipation that the treatment will work

Which of these drugs is a selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitor (SSRI)?

Xanax
Prozac
Clozaril
Thorazine

Which of these drugs is MOST likely to provide schizophrenia patients with some relief from their auditory hallucinations and paranoia?

Thorazine
Xanax
Lithium
Prozac

To help Adam reduce his fear of dogs, a therapist encourages him to physically relax and imagine that he is walking toward a friendly and harmless little dog. The therapist’s technique BEST illustrates an early stage of:

psychodynamic therapy.
operant conditioning.
stress inoculation training.
systematic desensitization.

A large pharmaceutical company is going to combine the results of all of its depression research studies, as if the results had come from one huge study. This is a:

factor analysis.
correlation study.
meta-analysis.
descriptive study.

Which of these is effective in the treatment of seasonal affective disorder?

eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
light exposure therapy
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)

Delinquent boys put through Scared Straight programs said they were now _____ likely to be law-abiding. When compared with delinquent boys NOT assigned to Scared Straight, they became _____ likely to commit new offenses.

more; less
less; more
more; more
less; less

The patient Dr. Patel admitted to the unit has schizophrenia. Her orders call for 150 mg of Seroquel and 1-2 mg of this antianxiety medication to relax the patient and help with sleep. This medication is:

Clozaril.
Thorazine.
Ativan.
Risperdal.

Client-centered therapists emphasize the importance of:

interpreting the meaning of clients’ nonverbal behaviors.
enabling clients to feel unconditionally accepted.
helping clients identify a hierarchy of anxiety-arousing experiences.
discouraging clients from using antianxiety or antidepressant drugs.

During her weekly therapy sessions, Sabrina will often abruptly shift the focus of her attention and lose her train of thought. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates:

transference.
meta-analysis.
resistance
regression toward the mean.

This therapy is empirically supported for treating bed-wetting.

behavioral conditioning
psychodynamic therapy
family therapy
cognitive-behavioral therapy

As a parent, Eliza is skeptical of treatments that sound too good to be true. When she arrives at the psychologist’s office, Eliza asks for the empirically-supported treatment for bed-wetting as her 6-year-old son has been having difficulties. She learns that _____ is the empirically-supported treatment.

cognitive-behavioral therapy
psychodynamic therapy
family therapy
behavioral conditioning

Your therapist takes an eclectic approach to treat your depression. In this case, he is most likely to use:

eye movement desensitization and reprocessing.
light exposure therapy.
a blend of psychotherapies.
biomedical therapy and offer medication.

Psychotherapy is likely to be MOST effective when a client’s problem is:

clear-cut.
the result of unconscious conflicts.
a response to a stressful life situation.
self-inflicted.

Aaron Beck’s therapy, which teaches people new and more adaptive ways of thinking and acting, is based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and a person’s emotional reactions. This therapy is called:

trait therapy.
humanistic therapy.
cognitive therapy.
psychoanalysis.

Several years after his wife’s death, Mr. Sanchez remains incapacitated by feelings of guilt and sadness. To reduce Mr. Sanchez’s depression, a therapist is actively encouraging him to stop blaming himself for his inability to prevent his wife’s death. The therapist’s approach is MOST representative of:

systematic desensitization.
psychoanalysis.
cognitive therapy.
client-centered therapy.

Tardive dyskinesia is associated with the long-term use of which type of drugs?

antianxiety
antipsychotic
antidepressant
mood-stabilizing

Psychotherapy is _____ when compared with the greater costs of medical care for psychologically related complaints.

clear-cut
cost-effective
cost-prohibitive
a waste of money

Which of these is LEAST likely to be effective in the treatment of depression?

eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitors (SSRIs)
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)

John is a 28-year-old male who suffers from bipolar disorder. He does not like lithium because of the side effects. Instead, his doctor prescribes this medication, originally used to treat epilepsy. This medication is:

Depakote.
Thorazine.
Ativan.
Risperdal.

Patients receive a general anesthetic and muscle relaxant prior to treatment with:

repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS).
eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR).
selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitors (SSRIs).
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Mel and her doctor are trying to decide which medication Mel should use to reduce her psychotic symptoms. Her doctor told her that the first-generation dopamine-blocking drugs can have side effects such as:

twitches and tremors.
hyperactivity.
hyperalertness.
obesity.

Blake’s doctor told her that she should not drink alcohol while taking Xanax. This is because antianxiety agents such as Xanax:

depress peripheral nervous system activity.
increase peripheral nervous system activity.
depress central nervous system activity.
increase central nervous system activity.

Because he lives in Alaska, Rusty wants to prepare for the dark and cold winter months ahead before his seasonal affective disorder can affect him. Rusty decides to try:

light exposure therapy.
psychodynamic therapy.
family therapy.
cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are likely to be treated with _____ therapy which acts directly on the patient’s nervous system.

psychological
eclectic
humanistic
biomedical

After three days of taking a selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitor (SSRI), Dennis is disappointed because he is not feeling any better. However, it generally may take up to _____ for this type of antidepressant to reach full effect.

1 week
2 weeks
3 weeks
4 weeks

Nowadays, patients are rarely treated using _____, a psychosurgical procedure in which the nerves that connect the frontal lobes with the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain are cut.

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)
lobotomy
tardive dyskinesia

The full psychological effect of the selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitors (SSRIs) is roughly:

1 week.
2 weeks.
3 weeks.
4 weeks.

Zander has been struggling with personal issues and has decided to seek help at a mental health clinic. Unfortunately, he was put on a waiting list and told that he would have to wait several weeks before he could meet with a therapist. According to Hans Eysenck’s findings, what will probably happen to Zander?

Chances are not good that he will improve during this waiting period.
Chances are good that he will improve during this waiting period.
Chances are very good that he will decline rapidly.
Chances are very good that he will take his name off the waiting list.

To help Monica overcome her nearly irresistible craving for chocolate, a therapist provides her with a supply of chocolate candies that contain solidified droplets of a harmless but very bitter-tasting substance. This approach to treatment BEST illustrates:

systematic desensitization.
light exposure therapy.
aversive conditioning.
stress inoculation training.

Of these individuals, who is MOST likely to benefit from use of lithium?

Olivia, who experiences delusions and auditory hallucinations
Landon, who experiences a generalized sense of apprehension and anxiety
Miranda, who experiences periods of extreme sadness, followed by episodes of optimistic overexcitement
Ivan, who experiences sudden brief episodes of intense dread and panic

The therapy with a 15-year-old patient has been going well, but she tends to avoid discussing her relationship with her mother. The doctor believes that she can benefit from her family’s involvement which will promote positive communication. Today’s session brings together the patient and her parents. They are engaging in:

light exposure therapy.
psychodynamic therapy.
family therapy.
cognitive therapy.