PSY FINAL – Flashcard Answers
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1. Which of the following is not considered a benefit of child care? a. greater self-confidence b. greater social skills c. increased disruptiveness d. more knowledge about the social world in which they live
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increased disruptiveness
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2. Parents in China, Japan, and the United States all see the benefits of preschools in a different way. What do Japanese parents view as the most likely benefit of preschool? a. academic head start b. developing a sense of independence c. experience of being a member of a group d. learning about the child's family history
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experience of being a member of a group
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3. Parents in China, Japan, and the United States all see the benefits of preschools in a different way. What do Chinese parents view as the most likely benefit of preschool? a. academic head start b. developing a sense of independence c. experience of being a member of a group d. learning about the child's family history
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academic headstart
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4. Which of the following is a reason why older, nontraditional students attend college? a. economic b. social stimulation c. intellectual stimulation d. therapeutic reasons
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economic
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5. Juanita is from Argentina and her family has just moved to the United States. She has enrolled at a local high school but still wants to maintain her identity with her culture. This process is referred to as: a. integration. b. acculturation. c. separation. d. marginalization.
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integration
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6. A diagnosis of death based on the cessation of all signs of brain activity, as measured by electrical brain waves, is called a. electrocardiogram. b. electroshock. c. functional death. d. brain death.
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brain death
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7. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is most common in babies between the ages of a. 1 and 6 months. b. 2 and 4 months. c. birth and 3 months. d. 1 and 12 months.
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2 and 4 months
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8. By what age do children accept death as universal and final? a. 12 b. 8 c. 9 d. 5
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9
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9. In early adulthood, the leading cause of death is a. accidents. b. suicide. c. homicide. d. AIDS.
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accidents
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10. In middle adulthood, the leading cause of death is a. accidents. b. suicide. c. homicide. d. life-threatening diseases.
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life threatening diseases
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11. At what age do fears about death tend to be the greatest? a. childhood b. adolescence c. late adulthood d. middle adulthood
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middle adulthood
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12. What are the most likely causes of death in late adulthood? a. automobile accidents and heart attacks b. suicide, homicide, and accidents c. cancer, stroke, and heart attacks d. drug overdose and suicide
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cancer, stroke, and heart attacks
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13. Psychiatrist Elisabeth Kübler-Ross developed a theory of death and dying that involves _____ steps. a. 10 b. 5 c. 4 d. 3
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5
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14. According to Kübler-Ross, what is the first step people pass through as they moved toward death? a. anger b. bargaining c. denial d. depression
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denial
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15. According to Kübler-Ross, when people protest and have objections to either learning about their impending death or the manner of their impending death, this is called a. denial b. bargaining c. anger d. depression
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denial
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16. According to Kübler-Ross, what is the fourth step people pass through as they move toward death? a. anger b. bargaining c. denial d. depression
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depression
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17. According to Kübler-Ross, when dying people feel sadness over future losses, know that death will bring an end to their relationships, know they will never see future generations, know death is inescapable, and experience a profound sense of sadness over the unalterable conclusion of their life, this is called a. denial. b. preparatory depression. c. acceptance. d. reactive depression.
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prepatory depression
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18. According to Kübler-Ross, when dying people are fully aware that death is impending, are unemotional and uncommunicative, and have virtually no feelings positive or negative about the present or future, this is called a. acceptance b. depression c. denial d. bargaining
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acceptance
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19. The practice of assisting people who are terminally ill to die more quickly is called a. assisted suicide. b. terminalization. c. premature dying. d. euthanasia.
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euthanasia
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20. When medical staff act to end a person's life before death would normally occur, this is called a. euthanasia. b. voluntary active euthanasia. c. mercy killing. d. passive euthanasia.
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voluntary active euthanasia
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21. In the final stage of grief, people tend to a. avoid the reality of the situation through denial. b. reach the accommodation stage where they pick up the pieces of their lives and construct new identities. c. cycle back to numbness if the pain is too severe. d. for the first time, fully experience grief and acknowledge the reality that the separation from the dead person is permanent.
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reach the accomodation stage where they pick up the pieces of their lives and construct new identitites
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22. Preschoolers' peer relationships are based on a. care, protection, and direction. b. intellectual stimulation and cognitive growth. c. building skills through competition. d. the desire for companionship, play, and fun.
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the desire for companionship, play, and fun
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23. Which of the following is the best example of functional play? a. skipping or jumping b. playing checkers c. adding items like cookies to see how many there are d. playing with Legos to build objects
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skipping or jumping
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24. When Anna uses Legos to build a playhouse, or puts a puzzle together, this is an example of a. functional play. b. parallel play. c. constructive play. d. associative play.
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constructive play
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25. Melissa is sitting at her preschool table playing with a toy car, while Alex is sitting next to her playing with a toy car and making quiet engine sounds. These two children never interact together. What type of play are these two children engaged in? a. parallel b. onlooker c. functional d. associative
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parallel
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26. Several 4-year-old boys are sitting at a table playing with cars in a makeshift race, and one boy stands by the table watching them. Occasionally, the boy who is standing calls out for the green car to go faster, but he does not actually join in the game. This is an example of a. functional play. b. parallel play. c. onlooker play. d. associative play.
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onlooker play
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27. In preschool one day, five children decided to help each other build a fort with the items that were available to them. Each child took it upon him/herself to find objects in the classroom that could be put together to build a fort. This is an example of a. associative play. b. parallel play. c. functional play. d. onlooker play.
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associative play
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28. What is the term for play in which children genuinely interact with one another, taking turns, playing games, or devising contests? a. associative b. functional c. cooperative d. parallel
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cooperative
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29. According to psychologist William Damon, a child's view of friendship passes through all of the stages below EXCEPT a. basing friendship on intelligence. b. basing friendship on others' behavior. c. basing friendship on trust. d. basing friendship on psychological closeness.
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basing friendship on intelligence
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30. Larger groups that are composed of individuals who share particular characteristics but who may not interact with one another are called a. cliques. b. crowds. c. peers. d. cohorts.
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crowds
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31. Sally's adolescent classmates call her and the other 125 members of her advanced computer software group "nerds," meaning she is part of a a. peer group. b. crowd. c. clique. d. cohort.
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crowd
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32. If an adolescent student is mostly liked by other students, that adolescent is considered a. well-adjusted. b. popular. c. controversial. d. envied.
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popular
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33. Andrew is a 16-year-old who does not participate in any sports or clubs in school, and does not attend social events or have a girlfriend. Nobody likes Andrew because he is difficult to get along with and aggressive, and subsequently, he feels lonely. Andrew would be considered a. rejected. b. outcast. c. controversial. d. neglected.
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rejected
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34. Following a divorce, a child may exhibit all of the following EXCEPT a. sleep disturbance. b. depression. c. ADD/ADHD. d. anxiety.
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add/adhd
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35. By definition, a remarried couple that has at least one stepchild living with them is called a a. multigenerational family. b. single-parent family. c. blended family. d. mixed family.
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blended family
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36. What are the major effects of poverty in children? a. High rates of aggression, poorer academic performance, and conduct problems b. Strong sense of family, mental health problems, greater likelihood of delinquency c. High absenteeism, greater academic success, cardiovascular disease d. Obesity, high rates of aggression, low stress
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high rates of aggression, poorer academic performance, and conduct problems
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37. After Kathy and Bob's son leaves for college, they have feelings of unhappiness, worry, loneliness, and depression. They are experiencing a. midlife crisis. b. empty nest syndrome. c. sandwich generation. d. boomerang children.
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empty nest syndrome
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38. When young adults return after leaving home for some period to live in the homes of their middle-aged parents, this is called being a. in a midlife crisis. b. the empty nest syndrome. c. the sandwich generation. d. boomerang children.
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boomerang children
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39. Couples in their middle age that must fulfill the needs of both their children and their aging parents are called a. empty nest parents. b. sandwich generation. c. midlife crisis generation. d. normative crisis generation.
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sandwhich generation
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40. All but which of the following apply to "remote" grandparents? a. they are detached and distant from their grandchildren. b. they rarely visit with their grandchildren and show little interest. c. they hold clear expectations about the way their grandchildren behave. d. they might complain about their grandchildren's childish behavior when they see them.
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they hold clear expectations about the way their grandchildren behave
