Prologue and Chapter 1 Test Questions – Flashcards
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The unconscious mind influences human behavior according to:
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psychoanalysis
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this area of psychology studies how the mind processes, stores, and retrieves information:
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cognitive
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the area of science that focuses on studying the working brain is called
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neuroscience
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Which of the following is not an example of a question scientists might ask regarding evolutionary adaptations in humans?
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Can you learn to adapt your note-taking style from a lecture to small-group discussion classes?
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this area of psych studies how shared ideas and behaviors are passed from one generation to the next
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cultural
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Which of the following sub-fields of psych is incorrectly matched with its description?
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cognitive - examines how people grow and change from conception to death
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A(n) provides an explanation of how an observable phenomenon works.
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Theory
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A(n) is a specific, testable prediction about the result that, if the theory is correct, will support the theory.
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hypothesis
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Scientists conduct , which involves the careful and systematic collection of data.
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research
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the precise way a researcher measures and defines a variable is known as the:
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operational definition
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In which of the following types of descriptive studies does a researcher remain separated from the situation and make no attempt to change it?
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naturalistic observation
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relative to cross-sectional research studies, longitudinal studies are:
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more expensive and take more time
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Which of the following is likely to be associated with observer bias?
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experimenter expectancy
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researchers are likely to choose a correlational design when:
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it is impossible to control the variables being studied
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in correlational studies, it is always possible that an unmeasured variable is responsible for the relation of interest. this complication is known as:
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the third variable problem
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when a researcher manipulates a variable to see waht effect the manipulation has on a study participant's behavior, the research design involves:
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an experiment
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the variable that a researcher manipulates in an experiment is called the:
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independent variable
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the variable that a researcher measures in an experiment to see if it has changed after a treatment is called the:
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dependent variable
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Which of the following types of studies allows the researcher to establish causality between an independent variable and a dependent variable?
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experiment
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Wilhelm randomly assigns participants to two groups and compares the group that receives a treatment with the group that receives no treatment. the group that gets the treatment is the:
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experimental group
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If a researcher wants to be able to generalize about a population using data pulled from a sample, it is best to use:
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a random sample
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one criticism that is made of many experimental studies in psych is that:
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experimental studies are conducted in artificial, lab settings
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when people are aware of being observed, they might change their behaviors. this phenomenon illustrates:
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reactivity
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an extensive study of a single person or a few people is characteristic of:
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case studies
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the statistic that involves the basic arithmetic average of a set of scores is known as the
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mean
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