Preparing for crisis situations – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Crisis
answer
a crisis involves behaviors that risk harm to self, others, or the environment
question
Crisis plan
answer
Describes procedures on how to prevent and respond to the crisis behaviors
Knowing what situations and events may trigger challenging behaviors, how to modify the environment to prevent challenging behaviors, and how to respond when challenging behaviors rise
Can provide the safety and security necessary for interventionist, person they support, and others around them
question
Parts of a crisis plan: 7
answer
1. Crisis Plan heading - has to clearly say Crisis Plan across the top to make it easier for an interventionist less familiar with the individual and who needs to access the crisis plan quickly
2. Client information section:
• Individual's name and birth date- no confusion about who it is
• Date the plan was created so it's kept current wit the individual's challenging behavior and interventions that are successful
3. Challenging Behavior - section for the target behavior
• Behavior should be operationalized - objective and free from terms that need to be interpreted
• Avoid definitions based on feeling and opinions
4. Antecedent interventions - altering antecedent conditions or environmental triggers can help avoid a crisis situation
5. Escalation section - early signs of challenging behaviors
• Know this so that interventions can be implemented as soon as possible
• Know what can be done to deescalate the challenging behavior and provide resolution for the individual
6. Crisis - what the crisis looks like for the person you're supporting and how to best respond to it
• Will be very individualized based on your learner
• May change as behaviors change, functions change
• Data analysis may indicate a need for modification if behaviors don't decrease in respond to the interventions
• Behavior should be clearly described in the left column, and the right side should include responses to such behavior
• Always ensure safety for yourself and the person you support e.g. standing at a safe distance, ensuring there aren't items that can be used as weapons, and having access to support
7. Post Crisis - include all steps to be taken after the crisis situation has been diffused
I. Determine what the individual should have been doing at the time of crisis
II. As quickly as possible, individual should return to their normal routine (as to not reinforce escape behavior) and should be reinforced for being on task and calm
III. Include and fill out all necessary documentation:
- Behavioral data about frequency, duration, or intensity of the behavior
- Incident reports about any injuries or property damage
- Medication reports listing any medications that were administered
question
Functional Behavior Assessment
answer
A collection of different procedures of gathering information on antecedents, behaviors, and consequences in order to determine the factors that lead to and maintain challenging behavior
1. Identify crisis behaviors that are in need of a crisis plan
2. Begin an FBA by collecting info on the behavior
- Will help describe the antecedents and consequences
- Determines behavior patterns and helps develop a hypothesis of how the behavior may have been learned and how it's maintained
3. Once function of behavior is determined, create a crisis plan that can eliminate the reinforcement that's maintaining the crisis behavior
question
4 functions of behavior
answer
1. Attention
2. Tangibles
3. Escape/avoidance
4. Automatic
question
How to prevent property destruction
answer
Secure furniture and other physical items that are important
e.g. have larger furniture units secured to the floors or walls
question
How to prevent crisis involving weapons
answer
Have locks on certain drawers to provide safety against obvious weapons such as weapons, knives, tools, and also pencils, scissors, and pens
question
How to prevent crisis involving clothing
answer
Depends on your learner's crisis behavior
e.g. if they run away a lot, good running shoes should be worn
behaviors of scratching = long sleeves
question
Any physical intervention recommended ...(4)
answer
- should include the least restrictive intervention reasonable and effective to maintain safety
- must be explicitly written and consent must be given by the individual's caregivers
- recommendations should be based on FBA
- should be applied only after less restrictive interventions have proven ineffective in protecting the person you're supporting, interventionist, and other individuals from harm
question
When using extinction with crisis behaviors
Or alternatives
answer
Must be careful when using extinction with crisis behaviors involving the safety of the individual and others around them
Rather than extinction, use punishment techniques e.g. response blocking