Preparing for crisis situations – Flashcards

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Crisis
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a crisis involves behaviors that risk harm to self, others, or the environment
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Crisis plan
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Describes procedures on how to prevent and respond to the crisis behaviors Knowing what situations and events may trigger challenging behaviors, how to modify the environment to prevent challenging behaviors, and how to respond when challenging behaviors rise Can provide the safety and security necessary for interventionist, person they support, and others around them
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Parts of a crisis plan: 7
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1. Crisis Plan heading - has to clearly say Crisis Plan across the top to make it easier for an interventionist less familiar with the individual and who needs to access the crisis plan quickly 2. Client information section: • Individual's name and birth date- no confusion about who it is • Date the plan was created so it's kept current wit the individual's challenging behavior and interventions that are successful 3. Challenging Behavior - section for the target behavior • Behavior should be operationalized - objective and free from terms that need to be interpreted • Avoid definitions based on feeling and opinions 4. Antecedent interventions - altering antecedent conditions or environmental triggers can help avoid a crisis situation 5. Escalation section - early signs of challenging behaviors • Know this so that interventions can be implemented as soon as possible • Know what can be done to deescalate the challenging behavior and provide resolution for the individual 6. Crisis - what the crisis looks like for the person you're supporting and how to best respond to it • Will be very individualized based on your learner • May change as behaviors change, functions change • Data analysis may indicate a need for modification if behaviors don't decrease in respond to the interventions • Behavior should be clearly described in the left column, and the right side should include responses to such behavior • Always ensure safety for yourself and the person you support e.g. standing at a safe distance, ensuring there aren't items that can be used as weapons, and having access to support 7. Post Crisis - include all steps to be taken after the crisis situation has been diffused I. Determine what the individual should have been doing at the time of crisis II. As quickly as possible, individual should return to their normal routine (as to not reinforce escape behavior) and should be reinforced for being on task and calm III. Include and fill out all necessary documentation: - Behavioral data about frequency, duration, or intensity of the behavior - Incident reports about any injuries or property damage - Medication reports listing any medications that were administered
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Functional Behavior Assessment
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A collection of different procedures of gathering information on antecedents, behaviors, and consequences in order to determine the factors that lead to and maintain challenging behavior 1. Identify crisis behaviors that are in need of a crisis plan 2. Begin an FBA by collecting info on the behavior - Will help describe the antecedents and consequences - Determines behavior patterns and helps develop a hypothesis of how the behavior may have been learned and how it's maintained 3. Once function of behavior is determined, create a crisis plan that can eliminate the reinforcement that's maintaining the crisis behavior
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4 functions of behavior
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1. Attention 2. Tangibles 3. Escape/avoidance 4. Automatic
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How to prevent property destruction
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Secure furniture and other physical items that are important e.g. have larger furniture units secured to the floors or walls
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How to prevent crisis involving weapons
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Have locks on certain drawers to provide safety against obvious weapons such as weapons, knives, tools, and also pencils, scissors, and pens
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How to prevent crisis involving clothing
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Depends on your learner's crisis behavior e.g. if they run away a lot, good running shoes should be worn behaviors of scratching = long sleeves
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Any physical intervention recommended ...(4)
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- should include the least restrictive intervention reasonable and effective to maintain safety - must be explicitly written and consent must be given by the individual's caregivers - recommendations should be based on FBA - should be applied only after less restrictive interventions have proven ineffective in protecting the person you're supporting, interventionist, and other individuals from harm
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When using extinction with crisis behaviors Or alternatives
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Must be careful when using extinction with crisis behaviors involving the safety of the individual and others around them Rather than extinction, use punishment techniques e.g. response blocking
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