Prentice Hall World History Chapter 17 – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Censorship
answer
Restriction on access to ideas and information
question
Federal republic
answer
Government in which power is divided between the national or federal government and the states
question
Lassiez faire
answer
Policy allowing business to operate with little or no government interference
question
Enlightened despot
answer
Absolute ruler who used his or hep power to bring about political and social change
question
Natural law
answer
Rules of conduct discoverable by reaso
question
Natural right
answer
Right that belongs to all humans from birth such as life, liberty, and property
question
Philosophe
answer
French for "philosopher"; French thinker who desired to reform in society during the enlightenment
question
Popular sovereignty
answer
Basic principle of the American system of government which asserts that the people are the source of any and all governmental power, and government can exist only with the consent of the governed
question
Social contract
answer
An agreement by which people gave up their freedom to a powerful government in order to avoid chaos
question
Stamp act
answer
Law passed in 1765 by the British Parliament that imposed taxes on items such as newspapers and pamphlets in the American colonies; repealed in 1766
question
Thomas Hobbes
answer
People are naturally cruel. If not strictly controlled they would fight one another. People enter into. Social contract. Absolute monarchy best government.
question
John Locke
answer
People are reasonable. People have certain natural rights. Best governments protect natural rights. Government has responsibility people, if decisions are unreasonable, people are able to overthrow.
question
Montesquieu
answer
Studied governments from Europe. Best way to protect liberty was to divide power among 3 branches of government. Each branch should check on each other.
question
Voltaire
answer
Used his works to call out corrupt officials and idle aristocrats. Offended Catholic Church and French Government so he was imprisoned and put into exile.
question
Diderot
answer
Wrote Encyclopedia that compiled works of philosophes.
question
Encyclopedia
answer
4,000 printed between 1751 and 1789. Encyclopedia helped spread Enlightenment ideas throughout Europe and Across Atlantic Ocean to the Americas.
question
Rousseau
answer
Believed people were good and that society corrupted them. Society placed too many limitations on people's behavior. Controls necessary but not too much. Good of the community as a whole should be put over the individuals will.
question
Adam Smith
answer
Free market should be allowed to regulate business activity. Demand for goods or services suppliers would seek to meet demand on order to gain profits. Support lassiez faire, but government had a duty to protect society, administer justice, and provide public works
question
Salons
answer
Informal social gatherings at which writers,artists, and philosophes and others exchanged ideas
question
Baroque
answer
Huge colorful and full of excitement
question
Rococo
answer
Moved away from religion and was lighter more elegant than baroque
question
Frederick the Great
answer
Enlightened Despot of Prussia. Allow free press, religious tolerance,
question
Catherine the Great
answer
Enlightened Despot of Russia. Abolish torture, granted nobles a charter of rights
question
Joseph II
answer
Enlightened Despot of Austria. Religious tolerance, free press, abolish serfdom
question
George III
answer
60 year reign of England starting in 1760. Passed Stamp Act
question
George Washington
answer
Leader of the Colonist Army. very admirable. First president.
question
Thomas Jefferson
answer
...
question
Yorktown, Virginia
answer
Where Britain surrendered to America after blocking of Chesapeake Bay by the French
question
Treaty of Paris
answer
Britain recognized American independence
question
James Madison
answer
...
question
Benjamin Franklin
answer
...
