Practice Tests - Flashcards

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If you use a variable name in a text string enclosed by single quotation marks, the name of the variable will display.

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True

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In PHP programming, you can only use TRUE or FALSE to indicate Boolean values.

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True

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The values assigned to different array elements of the same array can be of different data types.

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True

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A function definition contains the lines of code that make up a function.

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True

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A function must contain a parameter.

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False

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A function executes automatically.

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False

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A return statement is a statement that returns a value to the statement that called the function.

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True

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In PHP, you must declare a global variable with the global keyword inside a function definition for the variable to be available within the scope of that function.

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True

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You will not receive an error if you attempt to use a foreach statement with any variable types other than arrays.

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False

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The include statement and the require statement perform the same function and can be used interchangeably.

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False

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____ are lines you place in your code that do not get executed but provide helpful information such as the name of the script, your name and the date your created the program.

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Comments

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____ a variable is the processing of assigning a first value to a variable.

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Initializing

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The ____ function is used to create a constant.

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define()

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The ____ type is the specific category of information that a variable contains.

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data

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Data types that can be assigned only a single value are called ____ types.

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primitive

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In a ____ programming language the data type for a variable will not change after it has been declared.

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strongly typed

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____ are positive and negative numbers and 0 with no decimal places.

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Integers

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Exponential ____ is a shortened format for writing very large numbers with any decimal places.

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notation

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A(n) ____ is an element's numeric position within an array.

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index

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You use the ____ function to find the total number of elements in an array.

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count()

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The print_r(), var_export(), and var_dump()functions are used with ____ to display the index and value of each element.

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arrays

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A(n) ____ is a literal value or variable that can be evaluated by the PHP scripting engine to produce a result.

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expression

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____ are symbols, such as the (+) symbol that are used in expressions to manipulate operands.

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Operators

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A(n) ____ operator requires a single operand either before or after the operator.

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unary

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A(n) ____ operator is used in PHP to perform mathematical calculations.

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arithmetic

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The ____ operator uses the % symbol to find the remainder of integer division.

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modulus

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Assignment operators are used to assign a ____ to a variable.

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value

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____ assignment operators perform mathematical calculations on variables and literal values in an expression and then assign a new value to the left operand.

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Compound

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The ____ operation uses the === (triple equal sign) to compare two operands for equality and data type.

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strict equal

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The ____ operator executes one of two expressions based on the results of a conditional expression.

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conditional

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Logical operators are used for comparing two ____ operands for equality.

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Boolean

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The ____ symbol is used to suppress any errors that might be generated by an expression to which it is prepended.

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@

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One way to ensure that a variable is of the correct data type is through type ____.

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casting

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The ____ function tests whether a variable contains a numeric data type.

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is_numeric()

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When you use a variable in a PHP program, you must be aware of the variable's ____.

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scope

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A variable's scope can be either global or ____.

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local

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What will be returned if you use a local variable outside the function in which it is declared?

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error message

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The parameters within the parentheses of a function declaration are what kind of variables?

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local

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With many programming languages, global variables are automatically available to all parts of your program, including ____.

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functions

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When you declare a global variable with the global keyword, you do not need to assign the variable a(n) ____.

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value

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A command block is a group of statements within a set of opening and closing ____.

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braces

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When one decision-making statement is contained within another decision-making statement it is referred to as a ____ decision-making structure.

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nested

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Which of the following terms is not associated with the switch statement?

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switch title

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A(n) ____ statement is a control structure that repeatedly executes a statement or series of statements while a specific condition is TRUE or until a specific condition becomes TRUE.

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loop

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A ____ is a variable that increments or decrements with each iteration of a loop statement

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counter

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If you do not include code that changes the value used the by the condition expression, your program will be caught in a ____ loop.

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infinite

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A ____ statement is used to iterate or loop through the elements in an array.

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foreach

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The ____ statement halts the processing of the web page and displays an error if an include file cannot be found.

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require

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The ____ file is typically saved with a prefix of inc_.

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include

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The concatenation operator in PHP is a ____.

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period (.)

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In PHP, the escape character is the ____.

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backslash()

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The escape character sequence ____ inserts a new line.

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n

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The escape sequence inserts a(n) ____.

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backslash

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The escape sequence to insert a carriage return is ____.

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r

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A structure in which variables are placed within curly braces inside of a string is called a ____.

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complex string syntax

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The strlen() function returns the total ____ in a string.

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number of characters

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The ____ function converts all of the letters in a string to capital letters.

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strtoupper()

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The ____ function converts any occurrence of (;), ("), ('), () to their equivalent HTML character entity.

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htmlspecialchars()

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The ____ function will remove both leading and trailing spaces from a string.

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trim()

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The ____ function randomly scrambles the order of characters in a string.

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str_shuffle()

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The ____ function splits a string into an indexed array.

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explode()

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ASCII values range from ____.

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0 to 255

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The similar_text() function returns the number of ____ to strings have in common.

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characters

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In a regular expression, a(n) ____ specifies that the pattern must appear at that position in the string.

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anchor

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The ____ quantifier specifies that zero or more of the preceding characters can match.

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(*)

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____ quantifiers allow you to more precisely specify the number of times a character must repeat sequentially.

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Curly brace

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The characters contained in a set of parentheses within a regular expression are referred as a ____.

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subpattern

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The ____ metacharacter is used to specify a range of values in a character class.

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(-)

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The ____ metacharacter is used to allow a string to contain an alternate set of substrings.

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(|)

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Autoglobals or superglobals are predefined ____.

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arrays

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Autoglobals are associative arrays whose elements are referred to with a(n) ____ key instead of an index number.

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alphanumeric

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You can use ____ autoglobal array to refer to the global version of a variable from inside a function.

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$GLOBALS

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The value of the ____ attribute identifies the program on the Web server that will process the form data when the form is submitted.

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action

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When you use the ____ method to submit form data to the processing script, the form data is appended to the URL specified by the action attribute.

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get

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The PHP feature that automatically adds a backslash to any single quote, double quote, or NULL character contained in form data that a user submits to a PHP script is ____.

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magic quotes

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The ____ function is used to reverse the changes made by magic quotes or the addslashes() function.

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stripslashes()

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The ____ function can be used to ensure that a number has the appropriate number of decimal places.

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round()

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In PHP, a(n) e-mail message is sent using the ____ function.

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mail()

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A ____ form contains one page that displays the Web form and one page that process the form data.

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two-part

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A Web page ____ is a single Web page that is divided into sections

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template

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PHP scripts that are included in a Web template often begin with a prefix of ____.

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inc

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If the content of a Web page template section does not change unless the include file is modified, it is called a ____ section.

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static

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The ____ autoglobal can be used to access the result from form data sent with both the get and post methods.

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$_REQUEST

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On a Macintosh platform, you append the ____ carriage return escape sequence to the end of the line.

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r

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The second digit in the file permission code assigns permissions to the ____.

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user

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The ____ function returns an indexed array containing the names of files and directories in the specified directory.

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scandir()

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When a form is posted, information from the uploaded file is stored in the ____ autoglobal array.

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$_FILES[]

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The ____ function writes a text string and creates the file if it does not exist.

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file_put_contents()

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When a text file contains a single block of text, the ____ function would read the entire contents of the file into a string.

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file_get_contents()

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When you are finished working with a file stream, you use the ____ function to ensure that the file does not keep taking up space in your computer's memory.

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fclose()

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The ____ argument of the fwrite() function allows you to specify the maximum number of bytes that should be written.

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length

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The operational constant of the flock() function that opens the file with an exclusive lock for writing is the ____.

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LOCK_EX

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Instead of reading a large text file into PHP, you can use the ____ to iterate through a text file.

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file pointer

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Every time you use the ____ function, the file pointer moves to the next character in the file.

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fgetc()

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What function returns a line and moves the file pointer to the next line?

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fgets($handle[, length])

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What function returns a line, strips any XHTML tags the line contains, and then moves the file pointer to the next line?

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fgetss($handle, length[, allowed_tags])

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With the exception of the ____ function, each time you call a function that iterates through a text file, the file pointer automatically moves to the next line in the text file.

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fgetc()

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The ____ function should be used before deleting files and directories to determine if the file or directory name exists.

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file_exists()

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What function is used to copy the names of the files in a directory to an array?

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scandir()

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To summarize data in a set of records, you use a family of functions called ____ functions.

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aggregate

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You use the ____ function to return a portion of an array and assign it to another array.

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array_slice()

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You use the ___ statement to retrieve records from a table.

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SELECT

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Almost every command sent to MySQL from PHP is executed with the ____ function.

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mysql_query()

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To delete a database, you must execute the ____ DATABASE command.

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DROP

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To sort an associative array by key, use the ____ function.

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ksort()

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When inserting a new record in a table, you must specify the keyword(s) ____ for any fields in which you do not have a value.

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NULL

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You select a database or change to a different database with the ____ function.

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mysql_select_db()

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The ____ statement is used to take away privileges from an existing user account for a specified table or database.

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REVOKE

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The ____ function determines whether a given index or key exists.

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array_key_exists()

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Merge two or more arrays with the ____ function.

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array_merge()

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To renumber an indexed array's elements, you need to run the ____ function.

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array_values()

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The symbol ____ appends one array to another.

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+

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To close a database connection, use ____.

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mysql_close()

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phpMyAdmin provides a convenient method of transferring files from the development server to the production server using the _____ process.

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export/import

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The array_shift() function removes the ____ element from the beginning of an array.

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first

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The ___ keyword, often used with the primary key, requires that the field include a value.

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NOT NULL

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The list of records that is returned from a mysql_query() is a called a ____.

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resultset

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By default, field values in an external text file that are being inserted in a table are separated by the ____ keyboard character.

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tab

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You can create ____ that consist of multiple indexes or keys.

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multidimensional arrays

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The most common type of multidimensional array is a(n) ____ array.

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two-dimensional

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The function ____ returns the fields in the current row into an indexed array.

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mysql_fetch_row()

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To add multiple records to a database from an external file, you use the ____ statement with the name of the local text file that contains the records you want to add.

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LOAD DATA

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To delete records in a table, use the keywords ____.

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DELETE, WHERE

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To store text in a field, you specify a data type of ____ because the amount of storage space allocated will depend on the number of characters in the field.

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VARCHAR

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To remove a column from an existing table, use the ___ keyword with the ALTER TABLE statement.

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DROP

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The symbol (@), used to suppress error messages, is called ____.

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error control operator

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The ____ function removes duplicate elements from an array.

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array_unique()

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Use the ___ function to return the number of fields in a query result.

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mysql_num_fields()

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To perform a reverse sort on an associative array by key and maintain the existing keys, use the _____ function.

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krsort()

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To open a connection to a MySQL database server, use ____.

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mysql_connect()

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The array_pop() function ____ from the end of the array.

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removes the last element

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You can arrange query results from a SELECT statement using the keyword(s) ____.

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ORDER BY

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____ reduces the size of a database and makes the data easier to work with.

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Normalization

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To make a specific database active, you must execute the ____ database statement.

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USE

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The ____ function returns an array of elements that exist in one array but not in any other arrays to which it is compared.

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array_diff()

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Using the COUNT() aggregate function, you can eliminate duplicate values by using the keyword(s) ____.

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DISTINCT

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To close the resultset, use ____.

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mysql_free_result()

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The ____ argument of the array_splice() function indicates the name of the array you want to modify.

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array_name

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The ____ command with a mysql_query() function executes successfully if the table already exists.

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SHOW TABLES LIKE

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To remove multiple elements using the unset() function, separate each ____ name with commas.

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element

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The data values for input elements that use array notation for the value of the name attribute are stored in a ____ array within the $_POST autoglobal array.

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nested

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To change records in a table, use the UPDATE keyword to specify the name of the table to update and the ___ keyword to specify the value to assign to the fields in the records that match the condition in the WHERE keyword.

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SET

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The function ____ returns the fields in the current row of a resultset into an associative array and moves the result pointer to the next row.

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mysql_fetch_assoc()

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Multidimensional arrays are not limited to ____.

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two dimensions

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The ____ keyword specifies the name of the table that needs to be modified when updating records.

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UPDATE

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The ___ keyword is used with the ALTER TABLE statement to rename a table.

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RENAME

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To delete a database, use the ____ function.

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mysql_drop_db()

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What privilege allows the user to select records?

answer

SELECT

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