Pharmcare Quizzes and Exams – Flashcards

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question
CVS/Health is perhaps the one company that employs the largest # of our new EMSOP graduates every year. If those graduates are functioning according to the philosophy and requirements of our modern, accredited curriculum, they will most likely be following which model of pharmacy practice?
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the patient-centered integrative model #3
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A patient for whom you have just refilled his prescription for warfarin informs you that he also wants to purchase a bottle of Bayer Aspirin to see if it will help with his osteoarthritis. You strongly advise him not to do that because the aspirin may cause
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a serious bleeding episode or internal hemorrhage
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A patient fills a prescription for an 8 yr old boy. The following day the pharmacist calls the boys parents to inquire if the medication seems ot be helping the with the boys fever and infection. This action can be described as
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an aspect of the clinical pharmacy/pharmaceutical care paradigms ; patient monitoring and follow up
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whenever a pharmacist evaluates a prescription for legality, clinically significant DDI's, appropiateness of dose and indication, potential allergies or ADRSs, avoidance of over or under utilization and any other problems that need to be resolved possibly in collaboration with prescriber before filling and dispensing the prescription, the process is referred to as
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DUR
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The drug distribution centered model of pharmacy practice
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no longer represents the sole or principal responsibilities of the profession of pharmacy
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if carried out correctly by pharmacists, MTM should
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reduce overall health care costs, reduce risk of drug associated ADR's, inc patient adherence to prescribe dosage regimens, enhance communication between pharmacists and physicans and between pharmacists and patients
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a way in which the concept of pharmacist-provided MTM may be distinguished from the earliest (1960's and 1970's) manifestations of the clinical pharmacy paradigm
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MTM is more focused upon and directed towards the patient; MTM is less focused upon or restricted to the hospital setting but extend to out patient settings
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Patients who have stage 2 hypertension should be advised by pharmacists to avoid using po oral nasal decongestants. this is a clear example of
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a contraindication
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thromboembolism is most specifically associated with which one of the following terms?
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blood clot
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which of the following terms is not specifically associated with the parenteral route of administration?
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extended release
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a pharmacist who works for BLANK is the least likely to be in a practitioner role
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Bristol Myers Squibb
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Both in a legalistic/regulatory sense and in actual practice, pharmacists are the only members of the healthcare team who may or actually do provide medication therapy management services
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false
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being a professional involves commitment to altruism, compassion and integrity. integrity is best defined as
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being completely honest in all aspects of ones work and actions
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of all the health professions, pharmacy is the only one that experiences pressures as a result of managed care
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false
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which of the following phrases or terms is least likely to be a descriptor of managed care?
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full access to healthcare services
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which of the following is the most unrelated to the term "accountable care organizations"
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increased hospital (in patient) utilization
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the 1962 amendments to the FDA regulations introduced the requirement of
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drug efficacy requirements
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which terms are associated with the coordination that is important between the pharmacotherapy that a patient receives as an out patient and an in patient
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medication reconciliation and transitions of care
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which one of the following terms is the most likely to characterize the most expensive class of drugs
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specialty drugs
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prescription drugs used and dispensed for in patients in US hopsitals account for approximately BLANK percent of total us prescription drug expenditures
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11%
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the single largest cost factor in calculating overall expenditures for health care in the US is BLANK costs
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hospital charges
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The federal agency that is responsible for Medicaid and Medicare is
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CMS
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Which of the following is NOT an anticipated outcome of the Affordable Care Act legislation as part of health care reform in the US
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an increase in the percentage of people w/out any health care insurance coverage
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reasons why hospital pharmacies should attempt to convert patients from the parenteral route of systemic pharmacotherapy to the po route as soon as possible
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to reduce overall costs and to reduce the risk of patient developing ADRs
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which component of medicare pays for hospital costs?
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medicare part a
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caremark, express scripts and prime therapeutics are associated with
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PBMs
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approximately 90% of out patient prescriptions are covered by 3rd party insurance coverage
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true
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mail order pharmacies are equally appropriate for both acute and chronic prescription meds
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false
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drug regimen review as carried out by consultant pharmacists is mot similar to the function referred to as BLANK, as carried out by pharmacists in retail pharmacies, mail order pharmacies, and hospital pharmacies
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DUR
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a pharmacist who has been licensed as a pharmacist in NJ for the past 3 yrs needs to acquire licensure in PA. the pharmacist would need
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demonstrate that he or she has had recent pharmacy practice experience and take the PA MPJE
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A RU pharm student who is graduating from the program in 2015 has never worked in a pharmacy as a part time student/technician while in school. immediately after her graduations she will be able to take the NAPLEX AND MPJE in
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New Jersey
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which is the least likely vaccine to be administered directly to a patient by a retail pharmacist in NJ
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polio
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pharmacist specific current procedural terminology (CPT) codes are intended to
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request reimbursement for MTM provided for a medicare part d patient
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prfessional liability insurace aka malpractice insurance is important nowadays for pharmacists as well as physicans
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true
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only pharmacists are authorized to provide and be reimbursed for MTM in the medicare part d legislation
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false
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bill gates, wealthiest man in usa, once he is 65 yo will not be eligible for coverage for medicare part d prescription drug benefits
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false
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independently owned community pharmacies account for approximately BLANK percent of all retail pharmacies in US
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34%
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pharmacists who are employed by WALMART are employed in BLANK community pharmacy practice
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mass merchandise
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retail health clinics located within retail pharmacy stores
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provide primary care for acute but not life threatening conditions and are viewed by the AMA has having some potential role in the American health care system
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one of the conditions for which drugstores based health clinics are suitable to treat are URIs. this includes all of the following conditions except
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uncomplicated urinary infections
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which one of the following descriptors is not applicable to specialty pharmaceuticals
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frequently available generically
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REMS drugs are selected by the FDA
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often require that a MEDGUIDE to be provided to the patient when dispensing the drug; on the basis of the drug having a greater than average potential for risk
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a rare but serious effect of statin drugs is rhabdomyolisis which is
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breakdown and loss of striated muscle
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the term consultant pharmacists has been applied to pharmacist who provide DUR for patients in
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LCTF
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the increasingly prevalent practice of E-prescribing even permits the electronic prescribing of controlled substances drugs, including C2 drugs, at least in nJ
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true
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present-day hospital pharmacies are commonly involved with all of the following activities or responsiblities with the exception of
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resolving PBM related prescription insurance issues for patients
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generic pharmaceutical companies are least likely to be involved in which one of the following activities
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pre clinical drug development
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for which of the following aspects of pharmacotherapy management would genetic testing be of the least value
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overcoming the problem of patient non-adherence
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in patient counseling session, which potential ADR should a pharmacist discuss with the patient?
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ADR's that are significant but not life threatening and occur in 5-10% of patients; ADR's that occur relatively rarely but are life-threatening
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the following statement is required as a part of the dispensing label for which prescriptions: federal law prohibits the transfer of this drug to any person other than the patient for whom it was prescribed
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all schedule 2, 3, 4, and 5 prescriptions
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patients who are diagnosed with some level of hypertension are usually prescribed antihypertensive prescription meds; this is intended for the sole purpose of BLANK of the condition
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alleviation/palliation
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aspirin is an example of a BLANK name for a drug
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generic
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the growing trend towards e-prescribing and e-prescriptions offers all of the following advantages over the older, traditional hard copy written prescriptions, with the exception of
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better quality of pharmacist provided patient counseling
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which of the following acronyms is used to measure a patients satisfaction with the care they received as in patients
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HCAHPS
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all of the following terminology is rather specific to hospital pharmacy or hospital provided healthcare except
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pharmaceutical care or MTM
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pharmacists employed in which of the folliwng settings would be the least likely to perform prospective DUR on a routine bases
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pharmaceutical industry
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increasing the number of electronic "alerts" in prescription processing computer systems to the maximum possible level is the best way to minimize the risk of medication errors
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false
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identifying which, if any, of the 7 classical pharmacotherapy problems is present and relevant, is an essential component of the "pharmaceutical care" and MTM processes
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true
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genetic testing, pharmacogenomics, and personalized medicine are terms used for modern approaches which can accomplish all of the following outcomes except
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determining if a patient is receiving duplicative therapy
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all of the following drugs are potential candidates to benefit from genetic testing, which is NOT indicated for some form of cancer
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clopidogrel
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genetic testing kits
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usually involve obtaining a buccal swab from the mouth of the patient, which is then sent to testing lab
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the purpose of administering a loading dose of a medication that is approximately double the subsequent maintenance doses is to achieve a therapeutically effective (steady state) plasma level more rapidly
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true
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the parenteral route of administration provides better (greater) systemic bioavailability for most drugs than the po route
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true
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drug A is administered to a patient who is already taking drug B. Drug B is an enzyme inducer. drug A is known to undergo hepatic metabolism. this situation is most likely to lead to which drug therapy problems with respect to drug A
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dose too low
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the term dose dumping is
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one example of the pharmacotherapy problem "dose too high"; danger that is particularly associated with controlled release dosage forms
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cyclosporine, voraconazole, itraconazole, fluoxetine, nifidipne and ritronavare classic examples of drugs that cause the drug drug interaction resulting from
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enzyme inhibition
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overutilization/underutilization of prescribed meds is particularly applicable to prospective DUR performed by pharmacists
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when refilling prescription
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patient counseling of patients receiving a new prescription in NJ
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can be provided by the pharmacist; can be either face to face or one on one by telephone
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which of the following is the best way to approach the topic of drug ADRs and side effects during a counseling session with a patient?
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what did your doctor tell you about any possible side effects of the drug?
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which of the following is not a classic example of a chronic disease that would benefit from pharmacist provided MTM
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ebola
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the SOAP notes for a particular patient would be expected to tell a pharmacist something about all of the following items except
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the patients outcomes and reaction to the prescribed pharmacotherapeutic regimen
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which of the following does not usually appear on the dispensing label that is attached to the patients prescription container
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the diagnoses of the patient for which the medication was prescribed
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the newest version of the official NJ prescription blanks that will be required for hard copy prescriptions by 11/3/14
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includes an Rx symbol that will change color when you press your finger upon the symbol; will show void if it is photocopied on either a color or black/white printer
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a class of drugs that is clearly intended to cure a disease is
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antibiotics
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the durham-humphrey amendments to the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act passed in 1951
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established the Rx only and non-prescription two class system for the US
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levonorgestrel is the active ingredient in
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plan b emergency contraception products
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the IND exemption indicated that the FDA permits a pharmaceutical company
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initiate clinical trials for a Rx only drug candidate
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Phase 1 clinical drug trials differ from Phase 2 and Phase 3 trials in all of the following ways except
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Phase 1 trials do not involved Pharm D's in designing, conducting, reporting or evaluating the studies
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orphan druges is a term used to describe
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drugs intended to treat very rarely occurring diseases or conditions
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which of the following types of claims is permitted in the labeling of a dietary supplement product
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promotes joint health
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combinations of hydrocodone with aspirin or ibuprofen or acetaminophen are c2
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true
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pharmacists can access the NJ PDMP on line to detect
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patients who have been doctor shopping
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AZT and ASA are examples of acronyms that are derived from Code names for drugs
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false
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lithium carbonate is an example of a drug that acts as a
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antipsychotic drug to treat conditions like dipolar disorder
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once the patent on a prescription drug has expired, generic competitors are free to use the original brand name in referring to the generic versions of the product they market and sell
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false
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an example of a generic or official name for a drug
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acetaminophen
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which of the following prescription products, identified by NDC code, is a different strength of capsule from the other 4
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2315-5018-01 ( the change here was in the last 2 numbers)
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esmeprazole magnesium has been widely used as brand name nexium. recently a competitor esmeprazole strontium has been proved. this is a BLANK to nexium
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pharmacuetical alternative
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FDA's publication, Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalents,
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is commonly called the orange book
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the most common code for a drug listed in the reference referred to in the previous question is AB. this means
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is ok to substiute for bran name product as generic equivalent; has approximately the same bioavailability as the comparable brand name product
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TE codes like BC or acronyms like XL tell you that a prescription product is
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a drug that is controlled or extended or sustained action dosage form
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drugs within the same chemical class usually can differ in all of the following ways except
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their pharmacological MOA
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synonyms for the pharmacologic term agonist include blocker, inhibitor, or depressant
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false
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which of the following can be used as an antitussive med
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dextromethorphan; hydrocodone
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pertussis is known as
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whooping cough
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the term antihypertensives is an example of a BLANK class designation for drugs
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Therapeutic
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the main therapeutic use for alendronate sodium is
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prevent or treat osteoporosis
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warfarin differs from compounds like heparin sodium and enoxaparin sodium (lovenox) in terms of
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ability to be administered po
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rivaroxaban (xarelto) apixaban (eliquis) and dabigatron etexilate (pradaxa) are all now being actively promoted as improvements over the older and less expensive drug BLANK for treatment of non valvular atrial fibrillation
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warfarin
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info about "off labe uses" would not be found int
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the package insert of prescription drug products; the physicians desk reference (pdr)
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which of the following would be least likely to appear as part of the package insert component of labeling for a pharmaceutical product
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the procedure for determining the potency of the active pharmaceutical ingredient by chemical assay
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which of the following drugs does not have anti-inflammatory properties?
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acetaminophen (tylenol)
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low dose aspirin is used extensively as
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for its cardioprotective effects
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the main potential advantage of the more COX enzyme selective NSAIDS like celecoxib and meloxicam over the nonselective NSAIDS is that the more selective
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produce less GI bleeding or ulcer formation
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the opiod nar analgesics do not possess any signification BLANK or side effects
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anti-inflammatory
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pharmacists in NJ may legally accept prescriptions for CS opioid drug products
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by signed hard copy prescriptions; by computer to computer e-prescribing
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which of the following opioid drugs had the lowest average weight-normalized dose
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fentanyl
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which of the following drugs is not a controlled substance drug
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naloxone
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tramadol hydrochloride (ultram and ultram er)
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used to provide analgesia for moderate to severe pain; available only for po administration
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the glucocorticosteroid class of drugs
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are particularly valuable for their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effects; are examples of hormone replacement therapy like thyroid meds and insulin
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a patient approaches you telling you about a glucocorticoid nasal spray that she can get without a prescription to treat her rhinorrhea from an allergic type of sinusitis. she asks if you have this product in stock
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you direct her to the new product nasacort (triamcinolone acetonide) nasal spray, recently approved as an OTC product
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bactericidal agents are intended for the purpose of preventing the growth of bacteria
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false
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patients who are taking an antibiotic to treat bacterial infections sometimes develop Candidiasis as a consequence of the antibiotic therapy. in such cases, the candidiasis would be referred to as
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a superinfection and a secondary infection
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what do human insulin and dexamethasone have in common
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both examples of hormone replacement therapy
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an example of C3 drug
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oxandrolone
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a 42 yo generally healthy patient tells her pharmacist that she has just recently begun to notice some shoulder pain that seems like arthritis. the pain is more noticeable upon waking, but improves later in the morning. she asks the pharmacist for advice. the pharmacist should suggest:
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to try some OTC Naproxen (Aleve) or Ibuprofen (Advil) and let the pharmacist know if it helps
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combo treatment with dexamethasone and lenalidomide would be a valuable method of treating
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various types of leukemia, including Hodgkins disease or multiple myeloma
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methylprednisolone sodium succinate (solu-medrol) is ideally suited for
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iv infusion
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opthalmic drops of glucocorticoids (corticosteroids) are primarily intended to take advantage of the
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anti-inflammatory
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all fot he following symptoms are common to both asthma and COPD with the exception of
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cachexia and tenacious sputum production
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which of the following is most suitable as a bronchodilator inhaler drug for quick relief fo acute bronchospasm
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a 'SABA' like Albuterol sulfate
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Singulair (montelukast sodium) is an example of a popular leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) drug product
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that is especially valuable in treating asthma in young children who are unable to appropriately and successfully utilize inhalation therapy; that can be administered by po route exclusively
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xolair (omalizumab)
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is an example of a biotechnology-derived drug that should be reserved for treating asthma patients 12 yo and older who have moderate to severe (rather than mild) asthma, and for whom other available drug options have not been effective or feasible
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which one of the following statements pertaining to 'LABA TEROLS' is FALSE
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Pirbuterol Acetate is an example of a LABA-TEROL
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the term agonist, when used to describe a pharmaceutical product
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is an indication of a pharmacological category; conveys the meaning stimulant
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levetiracetam (Keppra) is considered an "anti-seizure" drug. the term "anti-seizure" would be considered an example of
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a therapeutic category
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azithromycin can be considered a 2nd generation macrolide antibiotic. when comparing azithromycin to the 1st generation macrolide antiobiotic erythromycin, a pharmacist could reasonably expect that azithromycin would
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have a somewhat better efficacy profile or at least a non-inferior efficacy profile, compared to erythromycin; have a somewhat better profile with regard to ADRs, warnings, BBW, DDI and/or bioavailability
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which one of the following drugs belongs to a class of drugs that is commonly referred to by its chemical category name
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alendronate sodium (fosamax)
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risendronate sodium (actonel) tablets is a medication that
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is indicated for the prevention/treatment of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women; should preferably be taken on an empty stomach at least 30 mins before food
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enoxaparin sodium is commonly associated with the brand name
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lovenox
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advantages of dabigatron etexilate, rivaroxaban and apixaban over warfarin
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the newer drugs do not require routine INR monitoring; the newer drugs pose less risk of intracranial bleeding
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off label indications may be mentioned in certain drug info references like "drug facts and comparisons" but not in the 'PDR' or in the prescription package insert, or in the advertisements for the product in professional journals
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true
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prasugrel, ticagrelor, and clopidogrel are most useful for patient
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who are on low dose asprin cardiopreventive therapy following cardiac catheterization (angioplasty) with stent insertion
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any administration of NSAID drugs like naproxen or ibuprofen in any dose or for any length of time is absolutely contraindicated in patients who are taking 81 mg daily aspirin as a cardioprotective
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false
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post-herpetic neuralgia and diabetic neuropathy are examples of BLANK pain
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neuropathic
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aspirin is the only NSAID that has ever been show to have any cardioprotective or cancer-preventative activity whatsoever
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false
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aspirin is contraindicated in children younger than 13 yo because
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it can lead to life threatening Reyes Syndrome if the child has experienced a viral infection
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ketorolac trimethamine is a non-selective NSAID that is available by all of the following routes of adminIstration EXCEPT
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inhalation
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acetaminophen is preferred over NSAID to treat all of the following patient groups EXCEPT
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patients with some form of liver disease or abnormality
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acetaminophen is administered by the oral (po) route exclusively
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false
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the main advantage of Celecoxib (celebrex) over other NSAID drugs is that celecoxib
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is less likely to cause GU irritation or bleeding
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one or more NSAID type drugs would be preferred over the Narcotic Agonist drugs in treating all of the following patients EXCEPT
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patients suffering from severe pain
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since narcotic analgesics cause a reduction in intestinal motility, they have been used to treat intestinal spasticity and diarrhea. however, because of their addictive potential and other risk factors, BLANK is currently preferred to treat most cases of diarrhea
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loperamide
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concerning the NJ PDMP databases
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qualified pharmacists in NJ can access this database online; databases of this type exist in virtually all other states as well, and enable pharmacists to detect drug abusers
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with the few exceptions of narcotic analgesic products such as tramadol, buprenorphine, and combo products of codeine, the vast majority of narcotic analgesics are C2
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true
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in NJ, prescription for c2 drugs may be transmitted to out patient pharmacies by
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hard copy signed prescriptions; comp to comp electronic prescribing from the prescriber to the pharmacist
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concerning the filling and refilling of prescriptions for narcotics in NJ, which statement is FALSE
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valid prescriptions for all controlled substances can be refilled a max of 5 times within 6 months of the date of issue, assuming the prescriber has authorized refills
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which of the following statements about Fentanyl is FALSE
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fentanyl is available in dosage forms for the parenteral, po, transmucosal, and transdermal routes, and all of these products produce a short duration of analgesic effect (approx one hour)
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prescriptions fro naloxone injections
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can be filled by NJ pharmacists for patients who may be at risk of overdosing on narcotics; can be filled by NJ for dispensing to first responders or family members who may be able to rescue a patient who is in danger of overdosing on an opioid drug
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the active pharmaceutical ingredient in oxycontin is
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oxycodone
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extended release po dosage forms of opioids, as well as transdermal and transmucosal forms of opioids are not intended for patients who are opioid native
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true
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percocet is a combo of
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acetaminophen and oxycodone
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glucocorticoid drugs are most commonly employed for their anti-inflammatory effects. sometimes they are also used for their immunosuppressive effects as in treating
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kidney transplant patients in combo with cyclosporine
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an example of a collagen disease that can benefit form therapy with prednisone and similar drugs is
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systemic lupus erythematosus
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prednisone is a widely prescribed glucocorticoid. it can be administered by the BLANK route
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oral
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which statement concerning Dexamethasone is TRUE
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it is available as the sodium phosphate salt for parenteral administration, including IV
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lidocaine HCL
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commonly known by the brand name xylocaine; is an example of a local anesthetic
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fluticasone propionate is available under the brand names Flonase and Flovent. the drug is intended for
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oral inhalation- for long term asthma control; intranasal administration to treat SAR, AR and associated rhinitis
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triamcinolone acetonide is available in a variety of dosage forms. which of these is available on a non-prescription basis?
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nasal spray
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pulmicort contains Budesonide and Formoterol Fumarate. this product is intended for administration by
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oral inhalation
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the major purpose for the instillation of opthalmic solutions (drops) of drugs like dexamethasone and prednisolone is to relieve "itchy eyes" associated with xerophthalmia or conjunctivitis
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false
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emphysema (abnormal breathing sound mainly during expiration) is one of the principal symptoms of asthma
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false
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allergens, aspirin, and upper respiratory infections can all trigger asthma attacks, but celecoxib and acetaminophen are not triggers
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true
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the value of "spacers" when using oral inhalation devices is to make it easier to coordinate the timing between actuation of the inhaler, and slow, deep inhalation of the bronchodilation or anti-inflammatory drug
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true
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albuterol, levalbuterol and pirbuterol
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short-acting beta agonist TEROL drugs; bronchodilator
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hard gelatin capsules are (HGC) are components of oral inhalation devices to treat asthma/COPD in order to serve as the propellant
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false
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parenteral or po corticosteroids should only be used to treat chronic asthma patients when the disease has become very sever
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true
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which of the following IDs can not be prevented by vaccine
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syphilis
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drugs to treat ID are far more susceptible to developing resistance than the drugs that are used to treat most other types of diseases
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true
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which one of the following antibiotics is not bactericidal in terms of its activity
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clarithromycin
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compounds like sodium clavulanate and tazobactum sodium are sometimes incorporated into products containing antibiotics like amoxicillin or piperacillin. the purpose of these added compounds is to
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extend the spectrum of these antibiotics to cover pathogens that produce B-lacatamase enzyme
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in every therapeutic situation involving an ID, it is always better to select a broad spectrum antibiotic rather than a narrow spectrum antibiotic
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false
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which of the following antibiotics would be an appropriate and preferred choice to treat an ID that is characterized as a MRSA type infection?
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ceftaroline fosamil
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the relatively new carbapenem class antibiotics, in comparison with the other classes of B-lactam antibiotics
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are not available in po dosage forms in the US; are generally considered to be broader spectrum antibiotics in comparison with other classes of beta lactams
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among the various specific indications for sulfonamide class of anti infective drugs are some conditions that are most commonly transmitted as STDs. among these conditions is/are
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trachoma-caused conjunctivitis; chancroid
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azulfidine EN (sulfasalazine disodium) is commonly prescribed to treat
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ulcerative colitis
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what is the basic cause of the restriction against the use of the tetracycline antibiotic during pregnancy and in children 8 yo and younger
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tetracylines undergo strong complexation reactions forming chelates with divalent or trivalent metal cations
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doxycycline is commonly prescribed to treat infections caused by Borrellia burghdorferi resulting in
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lyme disease
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which statement concerning the fluoroquinolone family of antiobiotics is FALSE
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they are not subject to causing C.Diff resulting in pseudomembranous colitis
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most of the antibiotics that include MYCIN or MICIN in their names
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belong to one of the following classes of antibiotics: macrolides, ketolides, aminoglycosides, glycopeptides or lincosamides; act by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis
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which of the following treatment regimens would be an effective approach to treatment of CDAD infections that may be complicated with pseudomembranous colitis
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fidaxomicin by po administration; vancomycin HCl by po admnistration
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symbicort HFA inhaler is a popular RX product that contains Budesonide and Formoterol
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this product is indicated to treat both asthma and COPD patients; this product provides both anti-inflammatory and bronchodilation effects
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singular and accolate are classified as leukotriene receptor antagonists. these rx products would be appropriate for all of the following asthma patients EXCEPT
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as a replacement for albuterol as a quick-acting rescue bronchodilator medication
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which of the following is a rare but serious side effect of STATIN therapy
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rhabdomyolysis
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in general and on the average, the duration of therapy with the antifungal drugs requires a longer period of time than for antibacterial drugs
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true
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which of the following AZOLE antifungals is available as an OTC cream to treat Tineo corporis or Tinea cruris
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clotrimazole
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which prescription only AZOLE that was introduced this year,2014, is being heavily advertised in direct to consumer tv ads to treat onchomycosis
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elfinaconazole (jublia)
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echinocandins that have FUNGIN in their names
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are available by the IV infusion route only; have excellent activity against serious invasive fungal infections, with feewer DDI and ADR issues than the AZOLES
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in deciding which drugs to use to treat patients, culture sensitivity/susceptibility testing is generally not utilized in treating fungal or viral infections
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true
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who should get a HZV immunization from a pharmacist
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most ppl who are 60 yo or older
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valaganciclovir tablets, cidofivir IV and Gnaciclovir ophthalmic implant are all examples of drugs that would most likely be needed to treat patients who have been diagnosed with
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AIDS
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which of the following statements concerning amantadine HCL is FALSE
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it is effective in treating influenza, both type a and type b strains
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concerning the drugs Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) and Zanamivir (Relenza), which statement is TRUE
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relenza can only be administered by the inhalation route, and it is not indicated for patients younger than 7 yo
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hepatomegaly with steatosis and lactic acidosis are serious side effects
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of nucleoside analog drugs used to treat Hep B; of NRTI drugs used to treat HIV and AIDS
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products that have been approved within the past year for the treatment of HCV include Simeprevir and Sofosbuvir and the combo product of Sofosbuvir and Leidpsavir. these products offer the following advantages over the older "standard" therapy of ribavarin in combo with peginterferon alfa-2a
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achieving sustained virologic load reduction in larger percentage of patients; possiblity of shorter duration of therapy and in some cases avoiding the necessity of subcutaneous injections
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cream dosage forms of antiviral drugs like acyclovir would be preferred over ointment forms for treating
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herpes labialis
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there could be potentially significant DDI between STATINS and very strong enzyme inhibitors like diltiazem and verapamil, which are older versions of
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calcium channel blockers
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before it became available generically, the #1 top selling brand name Rx product in the US was
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lipitor
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i forgot to mention in class that excessively high triglyceride levels increase the risk of pancreatitis, which could be a risk factor in some patients for the deadly form of cancer, pancreatic cancer. you may recall that the term "pancreatitis" appeared on the projector. which products should be used to prevent or mitigate this pancreatitis problem
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Lovaza
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a patient on statin and thiazide therapy to control cholestrol and to lower blood pressure is having problems with hypokalemia and hyponatremia. possible ways to address this problem would be to
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replace the thiazide with a CCB; consume more bananas on a regular basis
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thiazide diuretics are commonly administered as combo therapy together with Loop Diuretics in the treatment of chronic hypertension
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false
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once patients are started on STATIN therapy and/or antihypertensive drug therapy, it is normal for them to remain on these drugs for the rest of their lives
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true
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in most cases, trying to control hypertension or hypercholesteremia in adult patients by lifestyle modifications alone and without drug therapy is not successful
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true
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a physician tells you that she needs to treat alarmingly high LDL-C and total cholestrol levels in a patient who is in the 4th month of her pregnancy. which of the following would be an appropriate choice for this patient that you would agree is safe for mother and child
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niaspan tablets (extended release niacin)
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patient gets omega-3-capsules; asks if it is good as taking STATIN precription; your response should be this product is a suitable non-prescription substitute for a STATIN prescription drug
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false
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lasix
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is the brand name for the drug Furosemide; is a classic example of a loop diuretic
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drug that is most likely to be successful as chronic monotherapy to treat certain cases of mild to moderate hypertension
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chlorthalidone
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periodic measurement of BP at home using battery operated BP measuring devices commonly available in pharmacies is one way to help determine whether the patient is susceptible to white coat hypertension
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true
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beta blockers in general
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have a tendency to reduce the heart rate so they need to be used with caution in patients who have a tendency towards HF; all include LOL as part of their name
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tamsulosin HCl is a popular drug which is classified as a pure alpha 1a blocker; it has the following effects
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reduction in symptoms of BPH by decreasing bladder and urethral resistance
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amlodipine (norvasc) is a commonly prescribed frug which is indicated to treat
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angina; hypertension in immediate release po dosage froms
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which of the following is not RAAS antagonist type drug?
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nifedipine
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which of the following would be the best choice of a drug to treat hypertension in a preggo patient
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chlorthalidone
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a disadvantage of ACE inhibitor drugs compared to the Angiotensin Receptor Blocker drugs is the ACE inhibitors
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can cause a dry cough ADR in a significant number of patients
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type 2 diabetes
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results to a significant degree from insulin resistance rather than mainly from insulin insufficiency
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which statement about exogenously administered insulin products is FALSE
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an advantage of insulin over non insulin pharmacotherapy is that insulin therapy avoids the need to incorporate diet modification and exercise as part of the treatment regimen
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a benefit of effective drug therapy to treat hypertension and hypercholesteremia is that it reduced reduces the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes mellitus, even though it does not reduce the risk of developing Type 1 diabetes mellitus
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true
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ketoacidosis
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is a major risk factor in Juvenile onset DM; is a life threatening medical emergency
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