Period 1 Term Review Apush (1491-1607)

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MAIZE Key Concept 1.1: As native populations migrated and settled across the vast expanse of North America over time, they developed distinct and increasingly complex societies by adapting to and transforming their diverse environments Content Outline and Thematic Learning Objectives from 2015 College Board Revised APUSH Framework. Reformatting and emphasis by Rebecca Richardson, Allen High School Writing Activities for Skill Mastery Available at FFAPUSH.com
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Definition: -Developed in 1492 -Basic crop for Native Americans to build civilizations -Corn Significance to U.S. History: Maize in Central America manipulated by farmers 4,400 years ago created steady foodsupply
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COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE Americas to Europe and Africa: potatoes, maize (corn), tomatoes Europe to the Americas: wheat, rice, horses, chickens, oxen Key Concept 1.2: Contact among Europeans, Native Americans, and Africans resulted in the Columbian Exchange and significant social, cultural, and political changes on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean Content Outline and Thematic Learning Objectives from 2015 College Board Revised APUSH Framework. Reformatting and emphasis by Rebecca Richardson, Allen High School Writing Activities for Skill Mastery Available at FFAPUSH.com
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Definition from Apushreview.com: The exchange of plants, animals, culture, humans, diseases, etc. between the Americas, Europe, and Africa Significance to U.S. History: In Europe and Asia: massive population growth due to new food. In Africa: Spanish and Portuguese used Africans from West Africa to be used as slaves in the Americas. In the Americas: spread of diseases (smallpox), social classes (Mestizos), horse transformed Native life (made hunting easier), Encomienda system.
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ENCOMIENDA SYSTEM Key Concept 1.2: Contact among Europeans, Native Americans, and Africans resulted in the Columbian Exchange and significant social, cultural, and political changes on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. Content Outline and Thematic Learning Objectives from 2015 College Board Revised APUSH Framework. Reformatting and emphasis by Rebecca Richardson, Allen High School Writing Activities for Skill Mastery Available at FFAPUSH.com
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Definition from Wikepedia.org: The encomienda (Spanish pronunciation: [eŋkoˈmjenda]) was a legal system that was used by the Spanish crown during the Spanish colonization of the Americas to regulate Native Americans and to reward individual Spaniards for services to the crown. Historical Significance to U.S. History: During the early 16th Century Spanish crown treated Natives harshly using heavy manual labor and the encomiendas became successful because of the discovery of gold and silver. Gradually, the system was replaced by African slave labor, like many areas of the Americas.
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SPANISH CASTE SYSTEM The three main races were: Peninsulares, who were Europeans, Native Indians, and African Negros. Key Concept 1.2: Contact among Europeans, Native Americans, and Africans resulted in the Columbian Exchange and significant social, cultural, and political changes on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. Content Outline and Thematic Learning Objectives from 2015 College Board Revised APUSH Framework. Reformatting and emphasis by Rebecca Richardson, Allen High School Writing Activities for Skill Mastery Available at FFAPUSH.com
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Definition from bellavistaranch.net: The Caste system of colonial Spain determined a persons social importance in old Mexico, and the church and government records of the times used over one-hundred different terms to describe different racial categories. Historical Significance to U.S. History: The caste system defined three main categories of humans, and then further broke that down into 16 distinct racial subcategories.
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CONQUISTADORS Francisco Pizarro Hernán Cortés Key Concept 1.2: Contact among Europeans, Native Americans, and Africans resulted in the Columbian Exchange and significant social, cultural, and political changes on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. Content Outline and Thematic Learning Objectives from 2015 College Board Revised APUSH Framework. Reformatting and emphasis by Rebecca Richardson, Allen High School Writing Activities for Skill Mastery Available at FFAPUSH.com
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Definition: General term for any one or group of explorers Historical Significance to U.S. History: The conquistadors helped Spain and Portugal conquer new territory and found gold for their homeland
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AMERICAN INDIANS Key Concept 1.1: As native populations migrated and settled across the vast expanse of North America over time, they developed distinct and increasingly complex societies by adapting to and transforming their diverse environments. Content Outline and Thematic Learning Objectives from 2015 College Board Revised APUSH Framework. Reformatting and emphasis by Rebecca Richardson, Allen High School Writing Activities for Skill Mastery Available at FFAPUSH.com
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Definition: natives who came to the new world 15,000 years ago via a land bridge Historical significance to US History: they were the first people to live in the new world and helped with trade and farming in early exploration to create Jamestown
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Triangular Trade Key Concept 1.2: Contact among Europeans, Native Americans, and Africans resulted in the Columbian Exchange and significant social, cultural, and political changes on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. Content Outline and Thematic Learning Objectives from 2015 College Board Revised APUSH Framework. Reformatting and emphasis by Rebecca Richardson, Allen High School Writing Activities for Skill Mastery Available at FFAPUSH.com
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A three way system of trade during the 1600's to 1800's between Africa, Europe, and America in which slaves were bought on the African Gold Coast with New England rum and then traded in the West Indies for sugar or molasses, which was brought back to New England to be manufactured into rum. Historical Significance to US history: created the 1st global market/ economy. Also, the goods that wet to Europe became staples I their diets and slaves became the major labor source in the Americas.
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The Protestant Reformation Key Concept 1.1: As native populations migrated and settled across the vast expanse of North America over time, they developed distinct and increasingly complex societies by adapting to and transforming their diverse environments. Content Outline and Thematic Learning Objectives from 2015 College Board Revised APUSH Framework. Reformatting and emphasis by Rebecca Richardson, Allen High School Writing Activities for Skill Mastery Available at FFAPUSH.com
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Definition: was the 16th-century schism within Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther, John Calvin and other early Protestants. It was sparked by the 1517 posting of Luther's Ninety-five theses. The efforts of the self described \"reformers\", who objected to the doctrines, rituals, and ecclesiastical structure of the Roman Catholic Church. Historical Significance to US History: It questioned the Roman Catholic Church and it allowed for people to not follow the system and create their own religious beliefs.
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Renaissance Key Concept 1.1: As native populations migrated and settled across the vast expanse of North America over time, they developed distinct and increasingly complex societies by adapting to and transforming their diverse environments. Content Outline and Thematic Learning Objectives from 2015 College Board Revised APUSH Framework. Reformatting and emphasis by Rebecca Richardson, Allen High School Writing Activities for Skill Mastery Available at FFAPUSH.com
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Definition: more interest in ancient text and art during the 15th century that began in northern Italy and spread through Europe. Historical significance to US history: The Renaissance created a new movement of individualism that spread new ideas throughout the world
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CHINOOK Key Concept 1.1: As native populations migrated and settled across the vast expanse of North America over time, they developed distinct and increasingly complex societies by adapting to and transforming their diverse environments. Content Outline and Thematic Learning Objectives from 2015 College Board Revised APUSH Framework. Reformatting and emphasis by Rebecca Richardson, Allen High School Writing Activities for Skill Mastery Available at FFAPUSH.com
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Definition from study.com:The Chinook are a group of North American Indians from the Northwest Coast who spoke Chinookan. They lived in what is now Washington and Oregon, mainly around the Columbia River and Pacific Ocean. Their society focused on water-type activities, they took ceremonies seriously, they were mainly peaceful, and they had contact with the American explorers Meriwether Lewis and William Clark. Historical Significance to US History: Migration: early settlers migrated and settled across the vast expanse of North America over time, they developed quite different and increasingly complex societies by adapting to and transforming their diverse environments.
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ALGONQUIAN Key Concept 1.1: As native populations migrated and settled across the vast expanse of North America over time, they developed distinct and increasingly complex societies by adapting to and transforming their diverse environments. Content Outline and Thematic Learning Objectives from 2015 College Board Revised APUSH Framework. Reformatting and emphasis by Rebecca Richardson, Allen High School Writing Activities for Skill Mastery Available at FFAPUSH.com
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Definition from oxford: denoting, belonging to, or relating to a family of North American Indian languages formerly spoken across a vast area from the Atlantic seaboard to the Great Lakes and the Great Plains. Historical Significance to US History: The Algonquian were among the first North American natives to strike alliances with the French, who adopted Algonquian means of travel and terms like \"canoe\" and \"toboggan.\"
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IROQUOIS CONFEDERATION Key Concept 1.1: As native populations migrated and settled across the vast expanse of North America over time, they developed distinct and increasingly complex societies by adapting to and transforming their diverse environments. Content Outline and Thematic Learning Objectives from 2015 College Board Revised APUSH Framework. Reformatting and emphasis by Rebecca Richardson, Allen High School Writing Activities for Skill Mastery Available at FFAPUSH.com
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Definition: confederacy of six linguistically related tribes in the woodlands, made up of some 5,500 sophisticated people when the early white explorers encountered it. Historical Significance: politics and power: it was an alliance between clans which helped them fight off common enemies.
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SPANISH MISSION SYSTEM Key Concept 1.2: Contact among Europeans, Native Americans, and Africans resulted in the Columbian Exchange and significant social, cultural, and political changes on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. Content Outline and Thematic Learning Objectives from 2015 College Board Revised APUSH Framework. Reformatting and emphasis by Rebecca Richardson, Allen High School Writing Activities for Skill Mastery Available at FFAPUSH.com
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Definition: Christian missions established by the Spanish Empire during the 15th to 17th centuries mainly in Mexico and the southwestern portion of today's United States. Historical Significance: Religion- created missionaries in order to spread Christianity on to the natives.
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BARTOLOME DE LAS CASAS Key Concept 1.2: Contact among Europeans, Native Americans, and Africans resulted in the Columbian Exchange and significant social, cultural, and political changes on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. Content Outline and Thematic Learning Objectives from 2015 College Board Revised APUSH Framework. Reformatting and emphasis by Rebecca Richardson, Allen High School Writing Activities for Skill Mastery Available at FFAPUSH.com
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Bartolome De Las Casas- Was a 16th- century Spanish Historian, social reformer and Dominican friar. Historical Significance- Society: De Las Casas fought for the indigenous people because he felt that everyone should have rights and all people should be treated equally.
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PUEBLO PEOPLE Key Concept 1.2: Contact among Europeans, Native Americans, and Africans resulted in the Columbian Exchange and significant social, cultural, and political changes on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. Content Outline and Thematic Learning Objectives from 2015 College Board Revised APUSH Framework. Reformatting and emphasis by Rebecca Richardson, Allen High School Writing Activities for Skill Mastery Available at FFAPUSH.com
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Pueblo people lived in the Southwestern United States comprising several different language groups and two major cultural divisions, one organized by matrilineal kinship systems and the other having a patrilineal system. Historical Significance: Culture: They created small Kinship groups that used some Spanish culture to create their own.
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MAROON SOCIETIES Key Concept 1.2: Contact among Europeans, Native Americans, and Africans resulted in the Columbian Exchange and significant social, cultural, and political changes on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. Content Outline and Thematic Learning Objectives from 2015 College Board Revised APUSH Framework. Reformatting and emphasis by Rebecca Richardson, Allen High School Writing Activities for Skill Mastery Available at FFAPUSH.com
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Definition: Communities of runaway slaves in the Americas. Historical Significance: African slaves maintained and continued many of their ultural characteristics such as music, but they also rebelled and fought for their freedom to live as they please in such communities. African culture influenced the development of tthe new American identity over time.
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Cahokia Key Concept 1.1: As native populations migrated and settled across the vast expanse of North America over time, they developed distinct and increasingly complex societies by adapting to and transforming their diverse environments. Content Outline and Thematic Learning Objectives from 2015 College Board Revised APUSH Framework. Reformatting and emphasis by Rebecca Richardson, Allen High School Writing Activities for Skill Mastery Available at FFAPUSH.com
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Definition:Mississippian settlement near present-day Saint Louis. At times it held over 25,000 people. ( there would not be a city more populous in North America until 1800) Historical significance:In North America, where the 13 English colonies developed, there were no large civilizations. America developed largely due to defensive weaknesses of American Indians.
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Marco Polo Key Concept 1.2: Contact among Europeans, Native Americans, and Africans resulted in the Columbian Exchange and significant social, cultural, and political changes on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. Content Outline and Thematic Learning Objectives from 2015 College Board Revised APUSH Framework. Reformatting and emphasis by Rebecca Richardson, Allen High School Writing Activities for Skill Mastery Available at FFAPUSH.com
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Marco Polo was a Venetian merchant traveler from the Venetian Republic whose travels are recorded in a book. Historical Significance: Identity: he traveled the world in order to learn about different cultures
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Prince Henry the Navigator Key Concept 1.2: Contact among Europeans, Native Americans, and Africans resulted in the Columbian Exchange and significant social, cultural, and political changes on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. Content Outline and Thematic Learning Objectives from 2015 College Board Revised APUSH Framework. Reformatting and emphasis by Rebecca Richardson, Allen High School Writing Activities for Skill Mastery Available at FFAPUSH.com
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Prince Henry was a Portuguese prince who sent many sailing missions and allowed the Portuguese to become major players in naval missions Historical Significance: The efforts to expand sea navigation, routes, trading relationships inspired new economic ventures among European powers which led to the discovery and settlement of the Americas.
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LAKOTA SIOUX Key Concept 1.1: As native populations migrated and settled across the vast expanse of North America over time, they developed distinct and increasingly complex societies by adapting to and transforming their diverse environments. Content Outline and Thematic Learning Objectives from 2015 College Board Revised APUSH Framework. Reformatting and emphasis by Rebecca Richardson, Allen High School Writing Activities for Skill Mastery Available at FFAPUSH.com
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Definition from legendsofamerica.com: The Sioux are a confederacy of several tribes that speak three different dialects, the Lakota, Dakota and Nakota.The Lakota, also called the Teton Sioux, are comprised of seven tribal bands and are the largest and most western of the three groups, occupying lands in both North and South Dakota. Historical Significance: The Cultural differences between European culture and Indian tribes made intense rivalries and European encroachment was hard to prevent a development of a new nation.
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John Cabot Key Concept 1.2: Contact among Europeans, Native Americans, and Africans resulted in the Columbian Exchange and significant social, cultural, and political changes on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. Content Outline and Thematic Learning Objectives from 2015 College Board Revised APUSH Framework. Reformatting and emphasis by Rebecca Richardson, Allen High School Writing Activities for Skill Mastery Available at FFAPUSH.com
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John Cabot worked for the British and explored the northern coastline of North America and brought back to Europe the first formal knowledge of North America Historical Significance: Cabots voyages are important because it established English claim to north america and encouraged settlers to migrate, trade, and work.
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