Patho Chapter 9-11 review – Flashcards
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Treatment of a common cold of a viral nature could include all of the following, except.
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Aspirin therapy for infants and children
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When sinusitis or pharyngitis is of a bacterial nature, which of the following would be considered proper treatment?
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Cephalexin (Keflex)
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Treatment of pneumonia may include all of the following, except
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Dicyclomine (Bentyl)
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Influenza can be treated with which therapies?
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Bed rest, increased fluid intake, Oseltamivir Tamiflu)
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Pulmonary emphysema can be treated with various therapies. Which is a common treatment?
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Furosemide (Lasix)
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Pleurisy is an inflammation of the membranes that surround the lungs. Which combination of medications would be the best therapy?
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Antibiotics and analgesics
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Infectious mononucleosis can be treated with all of the following therapies, except:
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Salmeterol inhaler (Serevent)
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Dysphonia is a common symptom of a :
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tumor of larynx
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Nasal polyps are growths that form from distended mucous membranes and protrude into the
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nasal cavity
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A pulmonary abscess is an area of contained _____________ in the lung
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infectious material
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Histoplasmosis is a _______________ disease originating in the lungs, with greatest occurrence in the Midwestern United States.
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Fungal
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A pneumothorax is a collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity that can cause:
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A collapsed lung
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Infectious mononucleosis is caused by
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Epstein-Barr virus
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Organism-specific antibiotics are used to treat
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bacterial pneumonia
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exposure to __________smoke may make an individual more susceptible to any respiratory condition
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Primary and secondary
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pneumoconiosis is caused from inhalation of
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inorganic dust
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Examples of occupational diseases include;
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Asbestosis, anthracosis and silicosis
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Legionellosis is a more sever form of Pontiac fever, and both forms are
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not contagious
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Barrel chest, chronic cough, and dyspnea are all symptoms of
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emphysema
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with flail chest there are _____________fractures of three or more adjacent ribs
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double
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sinusotomy, antibiotics, and decongestants may all be treatments for
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sinusitis
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There are almost 200 different viruses that are responsible for causing
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the common cold
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In the Southwest coccidiomycosis is caused by a fungus, Coccidioides Immitis. This is the agent that causes the
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Histoplasmosis
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Currently a human vaccine exists for which of the following
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H1N1 (swine flu)
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Which facts is (are) true about the health hazards of common molds>
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Mold in homes can cause symptoms of allergy mold exposure does not always present a health problem all mold should be treated the same regarding potential health risks
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An accumulation of pus or gas generated by microorganism activity in the pleural space can result in:
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pneumothorax
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the second most common cause of cancer death worldwide in men is
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colon and rectum cancer
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What is the most important cause of pharyngitis
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a viral infection: tonsilitis
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What is unique about nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
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they are not as strongly linked to tobacco use. Instead, they are often linked to dietary intake or Epstein-barr virus infection
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What are risk factors for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.Consumption of salted fish as a diet standard, foods with high levels of nitrates such as processed meats, and Chinese herbs.
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infection with Epstein-Barr virus. and having a first-degree relative with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Use of alcohol and tobacco is a low risk factor
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What is Laryngitis
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Inflammation of the larynx (hoarseness), including the vocal cords
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What are the two types of benign tumors:
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papillomas, which usually appear as multiples, and polyps which usually appear singly.
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What is the most common site for head and neck tumors
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Laryngeal Cancer
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Most ________________ tumors are squamous cell carcinomas.
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laryngeal
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The combined effect of _____________ and ______________ in causing cancer is multiplicative, leading to a _____________ greater risk of developing laryngeal cancer.
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alcohol tobacco 200-fold
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_________________________ results from aspiration of liquids or other material into the tracheobronchial tree.
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Aspiration pneumonia
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Organisms commonly causing bacterial pneumonia are
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pneumococcim staphylococci, group A. hemolytic, streptococci, Haemophilus infleuenza type B, klebsiella pneumniae types 1 and 2 , gram-negative
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__________________ is the leading cause of death worldwide and the sixth leading cause of death in the United States.
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Pneumonia
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Which is more severe Legionnaires disease or Pontiac fever
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Legionnaires disease
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__________________ was named after an epidemic outbreak at an American Legion convention in Philadelphia in July 1976. More than 200 people became ill and 34 died of the disease
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legionellosis
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What are the differences between Legionnaires disease and Pontiac fever
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Legionnaires is more severe. the incubation period for Pontiac fever is much shorter than that for Legionnaires disease and pneumonia does not occur
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What are the similarities between Legionnaires disease and Pontiac fever
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Both are caused by L. pneumphila and are not contagious
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When is the greatest occurrence of RSV
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Winter months December- March
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Is Histoplasmosis contagious
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No
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_______________ is the most common endemic mycosis in the United States.
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Histoplasmosis caused by the fungus H. capsulatum
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What is COPD or COLD
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a condition of slow and irreversible progressive airway obstruction.
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Angina pectoris is commonly treated with sublingual nitroglycerin tablets. which of is correct concerning to use nitroglycerin?
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sublingual tablets are kept in original glass container
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cardiac arrest is sudden unexpected cessation of heart. interventions taken?
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lidocaine injection and CPR
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not commonly used to treat hypertension?
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glyburide / diabeta
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avoided in Pt. with hypertension
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pseudoephedrine / sudafed
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CHF is frequently treated with
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vasodilators, beta blockers and digoxin
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medicines is discouraged when Pt. is taking Nitrate-based vasodilators?
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sildenafil / viagra
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treat cardiomyopathy
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digoxin (lanoxin) and Warfarin (coumadin)
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treat endocarditis most often
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antibiotics
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prevent thrombi
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Warfarin (coumadin)
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not acceptable to treat shock
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apply Ice packs . Used : elevating legs, Iv Fluids, Proper ventilation
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not drug used elevated cholesterol levels
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Methylprednisolone. Used: Simvastatin, ezetimibe, niacin
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Heparin
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is given by injection only
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frequently used in the treatment of anemia
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folic acid
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pericarditis is inflammation
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sac enclosing the heart
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raynaud's disease is a vasospastic disease that affects
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hands, fingers, feet
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diagnosis of anemia indicates experiencing a reduction
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RBC or hemoglobin
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hereditary blood disease sickle cell anemia is predominantly
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black race
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lymphatic tissue in hodgkin's disease
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reed sternberg cells
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rheumatic heart disease may cause problems
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valves
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left sided crushing type chest pain, irregular heartbeat, dyspnea, excessive sweating, nausea, anxiety and denial
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myocardial infarction
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electrocution, myocardial infarction, and drug overdose
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cardiac arrest
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mitral valve prolaspe are sometimes
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asymptomatic, anxious, experiencing heart palpitations
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primary or essential hypertension
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has an unknown etiology
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ischemia cause
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death to tissue
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blood transfusion incompatibility reactions
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potentially life threatening
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lymphedema causes swelling
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an extremity
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cardiac arrhythmias are result of
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none of the above
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obstructive diseases of kidney caused by
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congenital or structural defects
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common renal disease
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pyelonephritis
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symptoms of cystitis include
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urinary urgency, frequency and incontinence. pelvic pain. burning with urination.
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Group A beta-hemolytic strep. may precede
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acute glomerulonephritis
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lithotripsy, relief of pain, surgical intervention, increased fluid intake, and diuretics treating
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renal calculi
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ascending bacterial invasion of urinary tract can cause
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cystitis and urethritis
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chronic glomerulonephritis is
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slowly progressive and noninfectious
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enuresis is caused from weakening of
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pelvic floor muscles and urethral structure
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solvents, heavy metals, antibiotics, pesticides and mushrooms are known
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cause renal damage
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smoking, obesity, and prolonged exposure to chemicals asbestos and cadmium may cause
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renal cell carcinoma
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pus in urine
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pyuria
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hematuria
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blood in urine
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azotemia
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excess urea in blood
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clinical emergency that involves the renal system is
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acute renal failure
