question

Leadership is best defined as ________.

answer

the ability to influence a group toward the achievement of a vision or set of goals

question

Which of the following statements regarding leadership is true?

answer

Nonsanctioned leadership is as important as formal influence.

question

Which of the following is a desirable feature of leadership?

answer

coexistence of leaders and managers

question

Trait theories of leadership focus on ________.

answer

the personal qualities and characteristics that differentiate leaders from nonleaders

question

Which of the following Big Five personality traits has been identified as the most important trait in effective leaders?

answer

extraversion

question

Emotional intelligence (EI) is critical to effective leadership because one of its core components is ________, which reflects the consideration that leaders must be able to express.

answer

empathy

question

Trait theories most accurately predict ________.

answer

emergence of a leader

question

The Ohio State Studies narrowed the independent dimensions of leader behavior to two that substantially accounted for most of the leadership behavior described by employees: consideration and ________.

answer

initiating structure

question

In the context of behavioral dimensions of leadership identified in the Ohio State Studies, initiating structure refers to the extent to which ________.

answer

a leader is likely to define and organize his or her role and those of employees in the search for goal attainment

question

In the context of behavioral dimensions of leadership identified in the Ohio State Studies, ________ is the extent to which a person's job relationships are characterized by mutual trust, respect for employees' ideas, and regard for their feelings.

answer

consideration

question

The two dimensions of leadership behavior identified in the University of Michigan studies are ________.

answer

employee-oriented leaders and production-oriented leaders

question

The University of Michigan studies define a(n) ________ leader as one who takes a personal interest in the needs of his or her subordinates.

answer

employee-oriented

question

If a leader's main concern is accomplishing his or her group's tasks, the University of Michigan studies label this leader ________.

answer

production-oriented

question

Contingency theories focus on the ________ that impact leadership success.

answer

situational variables

question

Which of the following theories of leadership is based on situational variables?

answer

path-goal theory

question

The least preferred co-worker (LPC) questionnaire is used to measure whether ________.

answer

a leader is task- or relationship-oriented

question

Fiedler's contingency leadership model assumes that ________.

answer

an individual's leadership style is essentially fixed

question

Fiedler defines the degree of confidence, trust, and respect that subordinates have in their leader as ________.

answer

leader-member relations

question

Which of the following situational dimensions identified by Fiedler relates to the degree to which job assignments are procedurized, that is, structured or unstructured?

answer

task structure

question

In the context of Fiedler's model, the situational dimension termed ________ relates to the degree of influence a leader has over important variables such as hiring, firing, discipline, promotions, and salary increases.

answer

position power

question

According to the Fiedler contingency model, high managerial control is characterized by ________.

answer

high task structure, good leader-member relations, and strong position power

question

Which of the following theoretical approaches in the study of leadership focuses on followers' readiness as a determinant of effective leadership?

answer

situational leadership theory

question

According to the situational leadership theory, if followers are unable and willing to do a task, then a leader needs to ________.

answer

display high task and relationship orientation

question

According to the situational leadership theory, if employees are unwilling and unable, the appropriate leadership style in this situation would be ________.

answer

directive

question

According to the situational leadership theory, a follower with the desired ability and willingness is likely to be ________.

answer

comfortable in his ability to do the job well

question

The leader-participation model focuses on ________.

answer

the way decisions are made by the leader

question

Which of the following leadership theories argues that because of time pressures, leaders establish a special relationship with a small group of their subordinates—the ingroup, who are trusted, get a disproportionate amount of the leader's attention, and are more likely to receive special privileges?

answer

leader-member exchange

question

According to the LMX theory, a leader implicitly categorizes followers as "in" or "out" ________.

answer

early in the interaction

question

Which theory of leadership proposes that followers attribute heroic or extraordinary leadership abilities when they observe certain behaviors?

answer

charismatic leadership theory

question

According to evidence, what is the first step a charismatic leader takes to influence followers?

answer

articulating an appealing vision

question

A long-term strategy for attaining a goal by linking the present with a better future for the organization is defined as a(n) ________.

answer

Vision

question

The third step in the process of charismatic leadership involves ________.

answer

the leader conveying a new set of values and setting an example for followers to imitate

question

Leaders who function primarily by clarifying role and task requirements to accomplish established goals exhibit a(n) ________ style of leadership.

answer

transactional

question

A transactional leader is likely to ________.

answer

reward employees for the work that they have done, thus recognizing accomplishments

question

________ leaders inspire followers to transcend their self-interests for the good of the organization and can have an extraordinary effect on their followers.

answer

Transformational

question

Transformational leaders enhance performance of employees by ________.

answer

building consensus among employees

question

In terms of the full range of leadership models, which leadership behavior is the least effective?

answer

laissez-faire

question

Which of the following leadership behaviors is likely to differentiate between transactional and transformational leaders?

answer

individualized consideration

question

In terms of the full range of leadership models, which leadership behavior represents the most active and effective approach for leaders?

answer

idealized influence

question

The primary quality produced by authentic leadership is ________.

answer

trust

question

Which of the following is a feature of servant leadership?

answer

focus on growth, development, and well-being of followers

question

Servant leadership reflects the ________.

answer

use of empathy, listening, and persuasion by leaders

question

________ is defined as a psychological state that exists when you agree to make yourself vulnerable to another because you have positive expectations about how things are going to turn out.

answer

Trust

question

________ is a dimension of trust defined as honesty, truthfulness, and the ability to display consistency between one's words and action.

answer

Integrity

question

Which of the following dimensions of trust is defined as an individual's technical and interpersonal knowledge and skills?

answer

ability

question

A(n) ________ is a senior employee who sponsors and supports a less-experienced employee, a protégé.

answer

mentor

question

Leaders who want to foster a climate that reinforces ethical behavior do all of the following except

answer

use their charisma to enhance power over followers, directed towards self-serving ends.

question

According to the attribution theory of leadership, leadership is characterized by ________.

answer

the act of people ascribing qualities like intelligence or charisma to leaders

question

According to the attribution theory of leadership, a person aiming to be a leader has to ________.

answer

shape the perception that he or she could be a leader

question

The president of a small Asian country was hailed as a visionary and a genius when the nation's economy burgeoned during his first term in office. However, when the currency and the stock markets crashed during his government's second term, he was censured as arrogant, elitist, and shortsighted. Which of the following theoretical approaches is reflected here?

answer

attribution theory

question

Which of the following is a substitute for leadership in the theory that suggests leaders' actions are irrelevant in many situations?

answer

training

question

Which of the following is true about substitutes for leadership?

answer

Substitutes are factors and conditions that replace formal leadership.

question

________ make it impossible for leader behavior to make any difference to follower outcomes.

answer

Neutralizers

question

Which of the following is a neutralizer of leadership?

answer

indifference to rewards

question

Which of the following is true with regard to online leadership?

answer

For online leaders, writing skills are an extension of their interpersonal skills.

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