Organizational Communications Final
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Participative Management
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The effort to involve employees in the company's decision making
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Knowledge Worker
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Employees at all levels of an organization who specialize in acquiring, processing, and communicating information
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Globalization
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Efforts by businesses to reach across international borders to market their borders, partner with other businesses, and employ workers and executives
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Resume
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A structured, written summary of a person's education, employment background, and job qualifications
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Cover Letter
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Message that accompanies a resume to let readers know what you're sending, why you're sending it, and how they can benefit from it
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Information Technology Paradox
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Information tools (websites) can waste as much time as they save
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Journalistic Approach to Writing
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Verifying the completeness of a message by making sure it answers the who, what, when, where, why, and how questions
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Multi-Media
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Refers to the use of two or more media to deliver a message, typically some combination of audio, video, text, and visual graphics
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Informational Interview
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A meeting with someone who works in your area of interest who can provide you with practical information about the career or company you're considering
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Groupthink
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Situation in which peer pressure causes individual team members to withhold contrary or unpopular opinions
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Group Dynamics
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The interactions and processes that take place among the members of a team
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Ethical Dilemma
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Situation that includes all relevant information, is true in every sense, and is not deceptive in any way
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Ethical Lapse
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A clearly unethical choice
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Emotional Intelligence
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Ability to relate to the needs of others
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Direct Approach
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Message organization that starts with the main idea and follows that with supporting evidence
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Indirect Approach
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Message organization that starts with the evidence and builds your case before presenting the main idea
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Media Richness
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Refers to the number to informational cues available, their ability to incorporate feedback, and the degree to which they can be personalized. (Poster--> face to face convo)
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Audience-Centered Approach
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Understanding and respecting the members of your audience and making every effort to get your message across in a way that is meaningful to them
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"You" Attitude
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Communicating with an audience-centered approach; creating messages that are about "you", the receiver, rather than "me", the sender
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Backchannel
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A social media conversation that takes place during a presentation, in parallel with the speaker's presentation
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Free-Form Slides
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PPT slides that are not based on a template tend to be more visually oriented Structured Slides - PPT slides that follow the same design templates throughout - emphasize more of a bullet point format
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Navigation Slides
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Slides that tell your audience where you are in the PPT (where you are going and where you have been)
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High Context Culture
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Culture in which people rely less on verbal communication and more on the context of the situation (indirect communication) values relationships over information (e.g. is the Chinese culture)
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Low Context Culture
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Culture in which people rely more on verbal communication and less on the context of the situation-values information over relationships (e.g. US culture)
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Cultural Competency
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Appreciation for cultural differences and the ability to adjust one's communication style to ensure that communication is successful
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Primary Research
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New research done specifically for the current project
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Secondary Research
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Research done previously for another purpose
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Descriptive Header
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Title that identifies the topic
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Informative Header
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Title that highlights the conclusion to be drawn from the data
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PPsychographics
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Psychological characteristics of an audience, including personality, attitudes, and lifestyle
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Demographics
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Quantifiable characteristics of a population, including age, gender, occupation, income, and education
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Marketing Messages
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Promotional messages that usher potential buyers through the purchasing process without asking them to make an immediate decision
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Sales Messages
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Promotional messages that encourage potential buyers to make a purchase decision then and there
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Motivation
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The combination of forces that drive people to satisfy their needs
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Executive Summary
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A complete but summarized version of the report; may contain headings, well-developed transitions, and even visual elements
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Podcast
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Audio or video file that is distributed online
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IM
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Communication system in which users' messages appear on each other's screens instantly, without the need to be opened individually
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Memorandum
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Written report used for routine, day-to-day exchange of information within an organization
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Blog/ Micro-blog
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Easily updatable online journals
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Social media
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Electronic media that empower stakeholders as participants in the communication process by allowing them to share content, revise content, or contribute new content
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User-generated Content
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Users rather than website owners contribute most or all of the content
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News Release/ Press Release
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A specialized document traditionally used to share relevant information with the local or national news media; today, many companies issue them directly to the public as well
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Buffer
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A neutral, noncontroversial statement that establishes common ground with the reader in an indirect negative message
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Persuasion
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The attempt to change an audience's attitudes, beliefs, or actions
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3 Types of Reports
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Informational Analytical Proposal
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Indirect Message Structure
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Start with evidence and build up to main idea
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Direct Message Structure
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Main idea then supporting evidence
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Things to remember for a negative message
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Indirect Maintaining good will & image Plan in a crisis
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Things to remember for a positive message
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Direct Marketing Good will
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Persuasive Message Structure
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AIDA Model -Attention -Interest -Desire -Action
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3 Things Employers Look For
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Passion Skills Interpersonal Skills
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5 Characteristics of Effective Business Communication
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-Provide practical information -Give facts -Present info in concise, effective manner -Clarify expectations and responsibilities -Offer compelling, persuasive arguments & recommendations
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Business 1.0 vs Business 2.0
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1.0- "We talk, you listen" 2.0- "Let's have a conversation"
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Unethical Communication
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Plagiarizing Omitting essential info Selective misquoting Misrepresenting numbers Distorting visuals
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5 Challenges of Business Communication
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Increase globalization & workforce diversity Increase value of business info Pervasiveness of technology Evolution of organizational structures & leadership styles Heavy reliance on teamwork
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Stages of Group Developement
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Orientation (Forming) Conflict (Storming) Brainstorming (Norming) Emergence (Performing) Reinforcement (Adjoining)
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% of Communication that is Nonverbal
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Some debate but 90+%
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Voice for Business Writing
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Active Voice
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When to Use Passive Voice
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Diplomatic about a problem Not attributing blame or taking credit
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4 Mediums of Communication
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Oral Written Visual Electronic
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Advantage & Disadvantage of Oral
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A: Immediate feedback, interaction, nonverbal cues, emotions D: No permanent record, no way to edit or revise
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Advantage & Disadvantage of Written
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A: Plan & control, permanent record, can reach anyone anywhere, avoid immediate interactions D: Not timely feedback, lacks nonverbal cues, require more time/ resources to create & distribute
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Advantage & Disadvantage of Visual
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A: Convey complex ideas easily, less intimidating D: Can require artistic skills or technical skills, can require more time, more difficult to transmit
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Advantage & Disadvantage of Electronic
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A: Quick, reach anyone anywhere, persuasive power of multimedia formats, audience interaction through social media, increase accessibility D: Easy to overuse, present privacy & security risks, create productivity concerns
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4 Mediums of Communication
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Oral Written
