Question 1

ADP

Accepted Answer

This is short for adenosine diphosphate. An organic compound that is composed of adenosine and two phosphate groups. With the addition of another phosphate group, it is converted to ATP for the storage of energy during cell metabolism. It then forms again, from ATP, when a phosphate group is removed to release energy

Question 2

Analogous Structures

Accepted Answer

These are structures which are similar in different organisms because they evolved in a similar environment, yet do not have a common ancestor.

Question 3

Anatomy

Accepted Answer

This is the science that studies the structure and organization of bodies.

Question 4

Ancestor

Accepted Answer

These are parents, parents of parents, etc.

Question 5

Animalia

Accepted Answer

A major group of organisms, that are, in general, multicellular, capable of locomotion and responsive to their environment, and feed by consuming other organisms.

Question 6

Archaebacteria

Accepted Answer

This is the kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls without peptidoglycan.

Question 7

Asexual Reproduction

Accepted Answer

Process by which a single parent reproduces by itself.

Question 8

ATP

Accepted Answer

This is the main energy storage and transfer molecule in the cell.

Question 9

ATP Cycle

Accepted Answer

This is the name applied to the cycle by which ATP are broken down to ADP with the release of energy, and the regeneration of ATP from ADP through the process of phosphorylation.

Question 10

Autotroph

Accepted Answer

This is an organism that obtains its energy from inorganic substances or from the sun.

Question 11

Autotrophic Cycle

Accepted Answer

A cell that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds.

Question 12

Bacteria

Accepted Answer

One celled organisms that reproduce by fission

Question 13

Biological Evolution

Accepted Answer

This is the process by which organisms acquire traits through sexual reproduction and/or mutation and then pass on these traits to the succeeding generations.

Question 14

Body Symmetry

Accepted Answer

This is a characteristic of multicellular organisms, particularly animals. A bilateral organism is one that is uniform about a plane running from its frontal end to its caudal end (head to tail), and has nearly identical right and left halves.

Question 15

Capsid

Accepted Answer

This is the protein shell of a virus.

Question 16

Carbohydrate

Accepted Answer

This is a compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; it is used by cells to store and release energy. Sugars are made by chloroplasts through photosynthesis and consumed by mitochondria through cell respiration.

Question 17

Carbon Dioxide

Accepted Answer

This is the gas produced as a result of respiration.

Question 18

Cell

Accepted Answer

This is the structural and functional unit of all living organisms, and are sometimes called the \"building blocks of life.\"

Question 19

Cell Membrane

Accepted Answer

A thin, flexible, semipermeable barrier around the cell which regulates what enters and leaves the cell.

Question 20

Cell Theory

Accepted Answer

States that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and cells come from pre-existing cells.

Question 21

Cell Wall

Accepted Answer

This structure provides support and protection for plant cells.

Question 22

Cellular Respiration

Accepted Answer

This is the process that releases energy by breaking down food molecules in the presence of oxygen.

Question 23

Chemical Energy

Accepted Answer

Energy stored in chemical bonds of molecules.

Question 24

Chlorophyll

Accepted Answer

This is a green pigment in chloroplasts that traps light energy from the sun.

Question 25

Cladogram

Accepted Answer

This is a diagram which shows the evolutionary relationships among groups of organisms.

Question 26

Classification

Accepted Answer

Placing an organism in sets of categories based on its characteristics.

Question 27

Comparative Anatomy

Accepted Answer

This is the study of similar and different structures in organisms.

Question 28

Consumer

Accepted Answer

This is an organism that relies on other organisms for its food and energy supply; also called a heterotroph.

Question 29

Decomposer

Accepted Answer

This is an organism that breaks down and gains nutrients from dead organisms.

Question 30

Descent

Accepted Answer

In evolution, ________ describes the appearance of new species from ancestors. Species which share ancestors are said to have a \"common ________.\"

Question 31

DNA

Accepted Answer

This holds an organisms hereditary information.

Question 32

Domain

Accepted Answer

In the new system of classification, this is the broadest level of classification. A higher rank than kingdom in the old classification system.

Question 33

Domain Archaea

Accepted Answer

This is a prokaryotic domain no nuclear membrane, distinct biochemistry and RNA markers from eubacteria, that possess unique ancient evolutionary history for which they are considered some of the oldest species of organisms on Earth; traditionally classified as archaebacteria; often characterized by living in extreme environments.

Question 34

Domain Bacteria

Accepted Answer

This is a domain of prokaryotic cells possessing diacyl glycerol diester lipids in their membranes, bacterial rRNA, no nuclear membrane, and are traditionally classified as bacteria.

Question 35

Domain Eukarya

Accepted Answer

This is the domain containing all organisms with eukaryotic cells.

Question 36

Embryology

Accepted Answer

This is the study of the early development of an organism, and it is quite often used to show similarities and differences between different organisms in their early stages of development.

Question 37

Energy Transformation

Accepted Answer

This is the process of changing energy from one form to another. Solar energy is changed into chemical energy by plants.

Question 38

Eubacteria

Accepted Answer

This is the kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls with peptidoglycan.

Question 39

Eukaryote

Accepted Answer

These are cells where the genetic material is contained in membrane-bound nuclei.

Question 40

Evidence

Accepted Answer

This is data from an experiment, which is used to verify or reject the original hypothesis in the conclusion.

Question 41

Evolution

Accepted Answer

This is a change in the genetic makeup of a population or species over time.

Question 42

Fossil

Accepted Answer

This is the mineralized remains of plants or animals.

Question 43

Fossil Record

Accepted Answer

This is the chronicle of evolution over millions of years of geologic time engraved in the order which fossils appear in rock strata.

Question 44

Fungi

Accepted Answer

This is the kingdom of heterotrophs that obtain energy and nutrients from dead and decaying organic matter.

Question 45

Genetic Variation

Accepted Answer

This is one result of gamete formation through meiosis and fertilization during sexual reproduction that promotes biodiversity within a species.

Question 46

Geologic Time

Accepted Answer

This is used by scientists to measure time and events during Earth\'s history.

Question 47

Glucose

Accepted Answer

This is a simple sugar that provides energy to organisms.

Question 48

Halophile

Accepted Answer

This is a salt-loving prokaryotic member of the domain Archaea.

Question 49

Heterotroph

Accepted Answer

This is an organism that relies on complex organic substances for nutrition.

Question 50

Heterotrophic Cell

Accepted Answer

A cell that can not produce its own energy, the energy must be consumed.

Question 51

Homologous Structures

Accepted Answer

These are physical features shared by organisms with common ancestry; they may have the same structure, but different functions developmentally mature organisms.

Question 52

Law of Superposition

Accepted Answer

This law states that in an undisturbed rock sequence, the oldest layers are on the bottom and each successive layer is younger than the one underneath it. \"Sedimentary layers are deposited in a time sequence, with the oldest on the bottom and the youngest on the top.\"

Question 53

Light Dependent

Accepted Answer

This is a chemical reaction in a plant that converts solar to chemical energy.

Question 54

Light Independent Reactions

Accepted Answer

This is a series of biochemical reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light to proceed and produce the organic molecule, glucose, from carbon dioxide.

Question 55

Lysogenic

Accepted Answer

This is a viral replication cycle in which the virus\'s nucleic acid is integrated into the host cells chromosome. A provirus is formed and replicated each time the host cell reproduces; the host cell is not killed until the lytic cycle is activated.

Question 56

Lytic

Accepted Answer

This is one of two stages in viral reproduction. It is considered the main method of viral replication, since it results in the destruction of the infected cell.

Question 57

Metabolism

Accepted Answer

These are all biochemical processes of an organism.

Question 58

Mitochondrion

Accepted Answer

An organelle found in most eukaryotic cells described as \"cellular power plants\", because their primary function is to convert organic materials into energy in the form of ATP

Question 59

Multicellular

Accepted Answer

Organisms consisting of more than one cell, and having differentiated cells that perform specialized functions. Most life that can be seen with the naked eye is this.

Question 60

Organelle

Accepted Answer

This is any functional structure within the confines of a cell; literally a. \"small organ;\" it usually has a membrane-based structure

Question 61

Organism

Accepted Answer

Any living thing with one or more cells

Question 62

Oxygen Cycle

Accepted Answer

These are the components of the reservoirs of oxygen that are exchanged in our environment.

Question 63

Parasite

Accepted Answer

This is an organism which feeds on, but usually does not kill, a larger organism.

Question 64

Photosynthesis

Accepted Answer

This is a chemical process that uses light to process carbon dioxide in plants.

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