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who has always had a practical knowledge of the ocean? Why does this make sense?

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marine biologist because they study the ocean costal people

question

what two developments helped increase the knowledge of the ocean?

answer

seamanships and navigation

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ancient pacific islanders used what three things to navigate?

answer

wind, wave, and current patterns

question

the HMS Beagle's main mission was to do what in a relation to oceanographic study?

answer

map, coastlines

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Besides the data he collected for the theory of evolution, what else did Charles Darwin explain from his travels aboard the HMS Beagle?

answer

the formation of the distinctive rings of coral reef called atolls

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Why were marine labs developed

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to keep organisms alive and work over long periods

question

What was the first US marine lab

answer

Woods Hull, Massachusetts

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What does sonar stand for and how does it work

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sound navigation ranging, sonar is used by emitting a loud pulse of sound and timing how long it takes the echo to return from the sea floor

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what does Scuba stand for

answer

self contained underwater breathing apparatus

question

Who was Jacques Cousteau

answer

frenchmen modified the apparatus, using it to breathe compressed air under water

question

What five modern oceanographic technologies are being used today?

answer

satellites remost sensing technology, submarines underwater roots underwater vehicles

question

What is the critter cam and how does it work?

answer

a compact underwater video camera that is attached to the animals themselves

question

Nearly all the major advances in marine biology have come in the last 200 years, What do you think are the reasons for this?

answer

because of new technology

question

Christopher Columbus

answer

Rediscovered the "New World" in 1492

question

Charles Darwin

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Sailed on the HMS Beagle; wrote theory of evolution by natural selection collected barnacles

question

Stone Age

answer

shells, harpoons, and fishhooks made of bone and shell were found during this time

question

Leif Eriksson and the Vikings

answer

has a tom inscribed with a warning against eating poisonous pufferfish

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Egyptian Pharoh

answer

had a tomb inscribed with a warning against eating poisonous pufferfish

question

Blackbird/ Golden Age of Piracy

answer

Edward Teach

question

Ancient Pacific Islanders

answer

very good sailors and navigators (used the wind, waves and currents to navigate)

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Charles Wyville Thompson

answer

lead the first major expedition on the HMS Challenger that lasted 3.5 years; Very Important in history of Oceanography; so much information collected it took 19 years to publish and made 50 volumes of information

question

Aristotle

answer

greek philosopher; first marine biologist; explained that fish use gills to breathe

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Edward Forbes

answer

dredged the sea floor; discovered new sea life and that different organisms live at different depths

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Dark ages

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knowledge of the oceans slowed and much information gained but the greeks was lost

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Ferdinand Magellan

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left to sail around the world (maps of the ocean and coastlines appearing)

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James Cook

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first sea captain to have a naturalist aboard

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Phoenicians

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the first sea captain to have a naturalist aboard

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___________ Using the sense before an experiment like sight, hearing etc

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Observations

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State the __________ questions No _______ is given

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1. Problem 2. Solution

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_________ Predictions _______ solution or proposing a ___________ to a problem. This has sometimes been called in the past an educated guess.

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1. Hypothesis 2. Testable 3. Solution

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________ Consists of a ______ group, an _______ group independent variable and __________ variable.

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1. Experiment 2. Control 3. Experimental 4. Dependent

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1. Control group _______ for comparsion 2. Experimental group __________ group which consist of an independent variable and a ________ variable 3. Dependent variable this is ________ as a result of what happens to the independent variable

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1. Standard 2. Test, Dependent 3. measured

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_______ section: Your results or ______ will either support or reject your hypothesis. Results are sometimes put in table or graph form. You just tell what happened in the experiment. Do not explain or _________

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1. Results 2. Data 3. Discuss

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_______ section: You will discuss or explain the results that you got. After that conclusions would possibly be a ________ Related _______ will be ________ by other scientist. The last step would then be a theory. A theory is made after a __________ has been tested over and over and each time you get the same results

answer

1. Conclusion 2. Publication 3. Hypothesis 4. Experiment

question

World ocean covers nearly ____ of earth's surface

answer

71%

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Oceans interacting with the atmosphere affect _________ on a global scale (exchange of heat and energy happens)

answer

weather patterns

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______ (unusually warm ocean temperatures) El Nino happens every 2-17 years- can cause ________ in Peru, flooding in Texas, and milder than normal ______ in the Midwest

answer

1. El Nino 2. Droughts 3. winters

question

Marine Organisms Provide:

answer

Food (fish shellfish, and seaweeds) Research Medicine Jobs

question

Marine Biology: study of the living organisms that _______ the seas and their _______ with each other and their __________

answer

1. Inhabit 2. Interactions 3. Environments

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Early studies of marine organisms -Ancient ______ and Romans -____ and the "____ of Life"

answer

1. Greeks 2. Aristotle 3. Ladder

question

Aristotle: Greek ________ -Naturalist -Developed the first _____ (primitive) of ______ - he called it the (ladder of life) - he studied fish gills and learned that they function in gas exchange

answer

-Philosopher 2. System 3. Classification

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Pliny the _______ -Roman naturalist - his work - natural history (37 volumes) - contains references to fish and _____ (Clams and mussels)

answer

1 Elder 2. Shellfish

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That led to more knowledge of the oceans? - Better ______ and navigational ________ - _____ of new lands - Explorations of new ______

answer

1. sailing 2. instruments 3. exploration 4. sea routes

question

Charles _________ - 1831 HMS _______ set sail - It was a 5 year ______ around the globe - Observed marine life and collected ________ -Proposed and explanation of ______ development- an atoll is ring shaped ____ that encloses a lagoon - During this voyage, he began to formulate the "theory of _____" by natural ______ (_______________) -1859- published his book "on the ______ of species"- this sparked more marine study by other scientist - Collected and studied _____

answer

1. Darwin 2. Beagle 3. expedition 4. marine specimens 4. atoll, coral 5. Evolution, selection (survival of the fittest) 6. Origin 7. barnacles

question

Edward Forbes (in the early 19th century) - the ocean floor was recovered animals from the ____. before this, it was thought that living organisms could not survive in the cold and darkness of the _______

answer

2. deep 2. ocean depths

question

Beginnings of modern marine science -HMS expedition exploring world's oceans- Lasted 3.5 years- organized by the ______ in the 1870's ** The HMS Challenger contained great _____ and research _____ -Brought back enough informations to fill ___ volumes -4700 ______ were collected and described -____________ expedition- many marine scientist still refer today

answer

1. British 2. Equipment, facilities 3. 50 4. New species 5. groundbreaking

question

Beginnings of modern marine science -Marine Studies in the US - expeditions of _______ Agassiz 1877 - studied in marine animals (the brightly colored animals at the surface of the water became different colors as one proceeded deeper. The brilliant colors gave to way ___ and ____ and ultimately red and blacks. ** Colors are related to the absorption of different _______ of light at different depths*** - studied structure & formation of coral reefs

answer

1. Alexander 2. brightly 3. blues 4. greens 5. wavelengths

question

Louis Agassiz ______ of Alexander 1873 - founded the 1st marine bio lab in the US - Penikese Island(off of coast of Massachusetts) Great to have the lab at the sea. Animals are within easy reach and could be studied in their natural habitat

answer

Father

question

Beginnings of modern marine science Marine Studies in the United States Funding of the ______ marine biology laboratory

answer

first

question

Founded during the 20th century: _______ of Oceanography in CA _________ Marine Laboratory in NC ___________ Ocenographic Institution in Florida

answer

Scripps Duke University Harbor Branch

question

Marine biology in the twentieth century: -Fridtjof ________ Arctic expedition _ Sir Alistair Hardy's Antarctic expedition (studied ____) - focus also on impact of human activities on the _____

answer

1. Nonsense's 2. Whales 3. Marine

question

Marine Biology Today - deep sea _____________ - discovering ties between __________ and marine environments - information sharing via the ________

answer

-submersibles - terrestrial (land) - internet

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