Occupational Therapy Analysis Flashcards
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OT Code of Ethics (7 Principles)
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1. Beneficence 2. Nonmaleficence 3. Autonomy/Confidentiality 4. Social Justice 5. Procedural Justice 6. Vernacity 7. Fidelity
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OT Code of Ethics (keywords)
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Altruism Equality Freedom Justice Dignity Truth Prudence
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OT Theory
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occupation such as work, exercise, play were thought to have healing properties
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Phillipe Pinel
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Mid-Late 1700's Prescribed work and exercise for clients Introduced work treatment for "insane" Found it helped people recover
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Benjamin Franklin
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Inventor/Salesman Worked with prisoners Used light manual labor as prison sentence Positive results were seen
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Dr. Benjamin Rush
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Physician Worked helped aid recovery in physical ailments Saw mind/body connection
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Samuel Tuke
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1800's English Quaker Physician Known for "moral treatment' Not chained or punished Encouraged to work or exercise
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Civil War Effects
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1860's - Moral Treatment Declines Focus moved to injured soldiers instead of using work as a treatment Healthcare was not public interest for 25 yrs.
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Adolph Meyer
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Late 19th Century Psychiatrist Used activity treatment for patients OT built on his philosophy Promoted health by activities "Rhythms of Life" - balance between work, rest, and play Relationships & support systems important in recovery
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Susan Tracy
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1900's -Nurse Patients who participated in activities recovered faster (Crafts/interpersonal relationships)
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Herbert Hall
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1900's - Physician Prescribed activity instead of medicine Arts, crafts, hobbies and exercise had normalizing effect *Diversion & remedial
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Diversion
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activity prescribed to those in advanced stages of disease
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Remedial
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activity for therapeutic reasons
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Dr. William Rush Dunton
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**FATHER OF OT** Occupation was most important medicine Began "occupational therapy" term Wrote OT newsletter (today is AJOT)
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Eleanor Clark Slagle
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Social Worker who became OT Director of first OT school OT education centered around psychiatric patients
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George Edward Barton
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Architect Benefited from OT while suffering from TB Built CONSOLATION HOUSE in NY to give patients a place to recover from illness and regain strength
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NSPOT
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Formed in 1917 by Barton, Dunton, Slagle, and Tracy Today is AOTA
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WWI Impact
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Slagle wanted military leaders to provide OT to wounded Small group sent to Europe called "Reconstruction Aides"
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Reconstruction Aides
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Small group of OT sent to assist soldiers Requirements: 25 years old US citizen HS Graduate Professional Training
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WWII Impact
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Therapists employed to rehab soldiers 1945 - 3,000 OTs 1947 - First OT book written 1950 - COTA initiated 1961- 500 COTAs
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Types of Observations
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Formal/structured Informal/unstructured
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Methods of Communication (Observation)
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Verbal Non-Verbal Written
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Parts of Interview
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1. Initial contact - put client at ease 2. Information Gathering 3. Closure - Summarize, thank
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Purpose of Interview
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Collect information Establish understanding of OT Provide opportunity to discuss patient's situation
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Uses of Documentation
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Accurate information Reimbursement for actual treatment Keeps tabs on progress/regression Legal Document (workmans comp) Communication between client, family, and doctors
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RUMBA
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1970's R- Relevant U- Understandable M- Measurable B- Behavior A- Achievable
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POMR
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Documentation Dr. Lawrence Weed 1960 Problem Oriented Medical Record List problems Best way to serve client *SOAP* is a type
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SOAP (G)
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Common POMR S = Subjective (Information stated) O= Objective (Measurable Data) A = Assessment (Judgement) P = Plan (To Resolve Problems) G = Goals
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OT Process (3 Components)
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1. Evaluation 2. Intervention 3. Outcomes
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OT Process (Evaluation)
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Referral - Order for OT Screening - Observing patient needs Occupational Profile - Demographics Occupational Performance - Analyzing/Observing how patient is functioning
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OT Process (Intervention)
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Intervention Planning - use evaluation info to create treatment plan Implementation - use plan to reach goals Review of Intervention - adjust, changes, meeting goals?
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OT Process (Outcomes)
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Have your goals been met? More OT? Less OT? Dismissal?
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Compensatory/Adaptive
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Adapting task objectives Changing methods (extensions/tools) Modify environment Train family or caregiver
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Outcome Importance
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To view progress or regression To continue more/less OT or dismissal Decision maker
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OT Process (Steps)
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1. Referral 2. Screening 3. Treatment Plan 4. Implementation 5. Review/Reflect/Change 6. Outcomes/Goals
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Practice Setting
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where OT treatment or services take place Hospitals Extended Care Physician Office School Prison System Group Home Home health Daycare
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Service Delivery
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type of OT services being provided to facilitate change in patient performance
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Spheres of Practice
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Looking at OT in Bio, Psych, and Social Model
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Continuum of Care
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Various levels of care are utilized How OT services can be used to help patient with healing process Aunt Flossie (hospital - nursing home - rehab - home care - outpatient OT)
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Holistic Approach
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treatment should consider body, mind, and spirit while working towards goals
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Bio-Psycho-Social Approach
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Bio - disease/disorder, trauma, pain Psycho - emotional, addiction Social - ID, developmental delay, limitations, ASD
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Theory
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set of ideas that explain things research based
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MOP
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Model of Practice to organize our thoughts
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FOR
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Frame of Reference Guide OT's interventions Research supported Evidence based practice
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MOHO
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Model of Human Occupation (best MOP) "systems model" environment where engaged in OT activity Complex interaction Volition, habit, performance
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MOHO - Habits/Roles/Process
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Input - take info Throughput - processing Output - did they do it Feedback - changes/adaptations Input = volition/habit/performance = Output
