question

Excess body fatness is associated with an increased risk of:

answer

some cancers

question

Excess fat___ represents a greater risk to health than excess fat elsewhere on the body.

answer

deep within the abdomen

question

Waist circumference reflects the degree of ___in proportion to body fatness

answer

visceral fatness

question

a body mass index of 25.0 to 29.9 in an adult indicates:

answer

overweight

question

A rule of thumb that has been used in the past but does not apply equally to everyone is that one pound of body fat is equal to ___ calories

answer

3500

question

Which of the following statements about basal metabolism is true?

answer

supports the work that goes on and it's directly controlled by the hormone thyroxine

question

About___ percent of a meal's energy value is used up in stepped up metabolism i the five or so hours following that meal.

answer

5-10

question

All the following factors are associated with a higher basal metabolic rate except:

answer

youth

question

Older people generally need less energy than younger people due to:

answer

slowed basal metabolic rate and declines in lean body mass

question

A woman of normal weight may have, on the average, __percent of her body weight as fat.

answer

20

question

Hunger makes itself known roughly __ hours after eating.

answer

4-6

question

The hormone produced by adipose tissue in response to a gain in body fatness that helps to control obesity is:

answer

leptin

question

The psychological desire to eat is referred to as:

answer

hunger

question

All of the following are involved in signaling satiation except:

answer

the heart

question

Which of the following types of foods sustain satiety longer than other foods?

answer

high in protein

question

A healthy person starting with average body fat can live totally deprived of food for as long as six to eight weeks due to:

answer

ketosis

question

Energy nutrients can be stored in the body as:

answer

glycogen and fat

question

A very low carbohydrate diet may be accompanied by:

answer

ketosis

question

The foods emphasized by high protein, low carbohydrate diets clearly raise the risk for:

answer

heart and artery disease

question

Fad diets are successful in the short term because they:

answer

induce a calorie deficit

question

An eating pattern of foods high in__is associated with being overweight.

answer

energy density

question

One of the major benefits of physical activity for weight management is:

answer

an increase in lean muscle tissue, which burns more energy

question

Successful weight maintainers:

answer

exercise regularly and limit overall food energy

question

The accumulation of excess visceral fat in the body may lead to health complications because:

answer

it can lead to chronic inflammation, which has been linked to heart disease

question

The thermic effect of foods eaten can contribute to total energy expended in a day because:

answer

metabolism is stepped up several hours after a meal in the metabolic response to food

question

You are weighing a team of football players and according to the BMI values they appear to be obese. Which of the following would you most likely conclude?

answer

their muscle weight is probably responsible for the elevated scale weights and their bones may be well mineralized, which contributes to their weights

question

You decide to skip lunch for several weeks to lose weight and fit into a favorite outfit for a special occasion. Which of the following will probably be the greatest obstacle to the success of this plan?

answer

hunger

question

The major role that the hormone ghrelin plays in eating is to:

answer

signal hunger when the stomach is empty (GSH)

question

You go to the movie theater after eating dinner and smell the popcorn in the concession stand. Although you are full, you start salivating and your stomach grumbles, so you buy a bag to eat during the show. This is an example of what signal for eating?

answer

appetite

question

How has physical activity played a role in weight trends in the US recently?

answer

sedentary activities have replaced outdoor play (SAO)

question

The best way to use physical activity to assist with weight control is to:

answer

exercise daily in conjunction with a substantial calorie reduction

question

Characteristics of victims of anorexia nervosa include:

answer

they tend to be perfectionists & come from middle/upper class families

question

Central to the diagnosis of anorexia nervosa is:

answer

a distorted body image

question

You suspect that your new college roommate may have an eating disorder because, although she seem to have a normal body size, you have heard her frequently vomiting after a meal, and her tooth enamel is becoming corroded. She also will frequently eat 3 boxes of crackers at one time to relieve stress and will then feel guilty afterwards. These are most likely symptoms of:

answer

bulimia nervosa

question

The 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans recommend:

answer

accumulating activities in weekly totals of at least 10 minute sessions

question

Muscles respond to the overload of exercise by gaining:

answer

strength and size

question

Active people often have resting pulse rates of __ beats per minute or lower.

answer

50

question

Characteristics of cardiorespiratory endurance include:

answer

increased cardiac output and oxygen delivery; reduced blood pressure

question

In the early minutes of activity, ___provides the majority of energy the muscles use to go into action.

answer

muscle glycogen

question

A person who continues exercising moderately for longer than__ minutes begins to use less glucose and more fat for fuel.

answer

20

question

Sports nutrition experts recommend that endurance athletes consume__percent of their energy from fat.

answer

20-35

question

The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics recommends__ grams protein per kilogram of body weight each day for an endurance athlete.

answer

1.2-1.4

question

Which of the following nutrients is important for athletes because it is needed for the formation of collagen? (CC)

answer

vitamin C

question

The first symptom of dehydration(besides thirst) is:

answer

fatigue

question

The body's need for__ far surpasses that for any other nutrient.

answer

water

question

An endurance athlete can lose__of fluid an hour during activity.

answer

1.5 quarts

question

Sports drinks offer some advantages over water for athletes who:

answer

need to replenish electrolytes

question

During non endurance exercise the optimal beverage for replacing fluids is:

answer

a beverage that supplies glucose

question

Moderate use of caffeine by athletes:

answer

may assist performance

question

Any meal should be finished at least__hours before an athletic competition.

answer

3 or 4

question

The Physical Activity Guideline for Americans recommended that adults:

answer

include at least 150 minutes of vigorous aerobic activity per week

question

Which statement about the best way to schedule daily physical activity is accurate?

answer

Moderate intensity activity can be divided into smaller sessions throughout the day

question

When designing a fitness routine that is intended to help muscles gain strength and size, what must you consider?

answer

muscles need a day or two of rest to refuel and repair

question

Type 2 diabetes is believed to be an autoimmune disease.

answer

false

question

Approximately 20 million Americans have diabetes.

answer

false

question

If not controlled diabetes can lead to amputation of extremities.

answer

true

question

Inactivity, aging, and excess weight are major factors in Type 2 diabetes.

answer

true

question

Type 2 diabetes is considered hereditary.

answer

true

question

Artificial sweeteners pose moderate risk to the health of the diabetic using them.

answer

false

question

The normally functioning pancreas responds to an increased blood glucose level.

answer

true

question

Hispanic/Latino, Native Americans, and Asian Americans, Eskimos have a higher incidence of diabetes than Caucasian.

answer

true

question

Type 1 diabetes is typically treated with Islet cell transplants today.

answer

false

question

A benefit of resistance training is that:

answer

high resistance and few repetitions build strength without bulk

question

A woman wants to begin a weight training program. What advice would you give her?

answer

it would be a good way to strengthen and firm her muscles

question

What is recommended for replacing fuels that have been used during exercise?

answer

eat a high carb meal within 2 hours after exercise

question

Protein is needed by the body to support an exercise program because of its role in:

answer

repairing muscle tissue after exercise

question

The term ergogenic:

answer

implies that product has special work enhancing powers & is associated with supplements claimed to benefit athletes

question

Which of the following is among the most dangerous and illegal ergogenic aids?

answer

anabolic steroid hormones

question

Why would you tell someone not to drink alcohol before engaging in an athletic event?

answer

because its a diuretic, & impairs temperature regulation

question

Muscle growth is stimulated by:

answer

physically demanding activity

question

An athlete takes vitamin and mineral supplements prior to competition because he believes they can enhance performance. You will explain to him that taking these supplements:

answer

does not improve performance because there's not enough time for the nutrients to be combined with other appropriate parts so they can do their work

question

Carbonated beverages are not a good choice for meeting an athlete's fluid needs because they:

answer

make a person full quickly and may limit fluid intake

question

A female athlete weighs 120 lbs before a race and 115 lbs after the race. How much fluid should she consume?

answer

10 cups

question

What would you tell a female long distance runner who is considering whether or not to begin taking an iron supplement?

answer

she needs to have medical testing of her blood iron values first to see if she needs it.

Nutrition chapters 9, 10 – Flashcards

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