Nursing Interventions for Electrolyte Imbalance – Flashcards

* administer oral/IV calcium supplements, while doing so we monitor cardiovascular and respiratory. *initate seizure precuations *keep emergency equipemnt on standby *encourage foods high in calicum (dairy products and dark green veggies)

*increase pt activity level *limit dietary calicum intake *promote fluid to promte urinary excretion, decrease risk for renal calculi stone formation *encourage fiber to promote bowel elimination *implement saftey precautions if pt confused *monitor for clots, measure circumfrance of calf.

*report findings outside of refernece ranges to provider *replace K+, by providing dietatry education, foods high in K+ include avacodes, dried fruit, potatoes, bananas, spinach. *provide oral K+ supplements *tx underline cause *monitor and maintian urine output *moniotr for shallow ineffictve respiartions and dimished breath sounds. *monitor cardiac rhythm and intervene promptly as needed * monitor pt for recieveing dogoxin, hypokalemia will increase risk for dogoxin. *monitor LOC and insure saftey *monitor bowel sounds and distention and intervene as needed.

*mixed by pharmacist *checked by 2 RN's prior to administeration *diluate K+ to concentration no more than 1 MEQ K+ to 10ML of solution, and insfuse slowly, no faster than 10 MEQ/HR *monitor for phelibits, if occurs discountine and notify providor for infilteration of K+ *NEVER IV BOLUS K+, HIGH RISK FOR CARDIAC ARREST.

*report to provdior about levels outside of reference ranges *decrease K+ intake, stop infusion of IV K+ withhold oral K+ supplemments *place pt on K+ limiting diet *if K+ is extremlty high, dialsis may be required *promote movemnt of K+ to ECF to ICF through the administration of IV fluids with dextrose *monitor cardiac rhyth and intervene promptly as needed *maintain IV access, prpare pt for diyalsis if prescribed *administer a loop diuretic if kidey function is adequet such as furosemine. *give Kayexalate, given orally or enema

*report irregular lab findings to providor. *monitor I's &o's * weight pt same time everyday with the same scale *monitor v/s *LOC *report irregular findings * educate pt to move and change position slowly (orthostatic hypotension) *follow prescribed fluid restrictions. If have fluid overload, restrict water intake as prescribed *restoration of normal ECF volume *administered hypertonic IV therapy (3% NaCl) *acute hyponatremia you administer IV hypotonic fluids as prescribed. Encourgae foods and fluids high in sodium, milk, cheese, condiments.

*report labs outside of refrences to provider *monitor LOC and ensure saftey *provide oral hygine and other comfort measures to decrease thirst *monitor I& O *alert provider if uriniary output is inadequate *if fliuid loss, administer IV hypotonic fluids * for excess Na+ enourage water intake and less Na+ intake *administer loop diuretics

*dicountinue Mg loosing meds * administer oral/IV Mg sulfate, IV route is used bc IM injection can cause pain and tissue damage, oral can cause diaareha * monitor DTR during infusion of Mg sulfate to prevent hypermagnesiem *encourge foods high in Mg, whole grains & dark leafy green veggies * implement seizure precautions

*perform feequent focued assement *notify provirdor of changes or absent reflexes * monitor respiratory and caridac status * administer loop diuretics and Mg free IV fluids if kidney function is adequet *administer Ca+ for any sever cardiac changes * Ca+ glucanate