question

Genetic:

answer

Our genes decide how long we live, not lifestyle

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Random Error:

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As cells die, no new cells develop as we age

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DNA Cross Linkage:

answer

Cellular repair gets messed up, cells don't repair based upon our DNA

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Free Radical:

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Chemicals cause cell damage = aging

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Cycling to Non Cycling cells:

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Disruption in normal production of cells

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Wear&Tear:

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Body systems wear out in response to everything that we go through in life (genetics)

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Leading cause of mortality in middle adults:

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Heart disease and cancer

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General body changes of middle adults:

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Drier skin, hormonal changes (menopause), thinning and greying of hair, male pattern baldness, epidermis thins around age 50

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Metabolism changes in middle adults:

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Metabolism slows by 2% per year, increases more adipose tissue

question

Weight gain in middle adults:

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Gains 3 to 4 pounds per decade -need to reduce caloric intake by 2% and increase physical activity to maintain a healthy weight

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Lungs of middle adults:

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Lungs lose elasticity so they don't expand as well. Breathing capacity decreases by 20%

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Hearts of middle adults:

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Heart deficiency decreases 20% by 30-50 years -unless you exercise/maintain

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#1 cause of death in males:

answer

Heart disease

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Female life expectancy:

answer

80.4 years

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Male life expectancy:

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75.2 years

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Health of married couples:

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Married couples are generally more healthy because they take care of each other

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Self-destructive habits of middle adults:

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Drinking alcohol, smoking, using drugs, not exercising

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Health promo needs for middle adults:

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TDaP, tetanus booster every 10 years, Flu, Pneumonia, screenings for depression, colon cancer

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Age to receive first colonoscopy:

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50 years old, then additionally every 10 years

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Vigorous exercise recommendations for middle adults:

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20 minutes @ 3 times a week

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Normal exercise recommendations for middle adults:

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30 minutes @ 3-5 times a week

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Muscle size in middle adults:

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Size of muscles decreases 10% from middle adulthood

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Bones of middle adults:

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Long/small bones get porous allowing no clean breaks, Osteoporosis -They need to be walking, taking Vit. D and Calcium

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Age for risk of Osteoporosis in middle adults:

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Men and women both become at risk at 70 years old

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Sleep apnea common in:

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People with short necks, men over 50 years old, and post-menopausal women

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What life stage of Piaget's are middle adults in:

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Formal operations (cognitive reasoning/problem solving)

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Bloom's hierarchy of cognitive levels of the adult learner:

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1. Knowledge 2. Comprehension 3. Application 4. Analysis 5. Synthesis and Evaluation

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Sandwich generation:

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Having parents that are still alive and possibly needing care while also having your own children still in the home

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Perceptual changes of middle adults:

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Presbyopia, Glaucoma, Cataracts, Diabetic retinopathy, Presbycusis (loss of high frequency hearing)

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What life stage of Erikson's are middle adults in:

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Generativity vs. Stagnation

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Generativity in middle adults:

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Sense of productivity, creativity, desire to care for others

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Stagnation in middle adults:

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Lack of accomplishment, self-absorption

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"Midlife crisis" in middle adults:

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Occurs around age 40-45

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Resilience:

answer

Reaction to stress as young adults will determine how they handle stress as middle adults and on

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Health issues in middle adult men:

answer

Prostate problems, testosterone declines, longer to ejaculate, testes shrink, menopausal symptoms

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Health issues in middle adult women:

answer

Vaginal dryness, more infections due to Alkaline secretions

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Health issues in middle adults:

answer

STDs can be obtained still, lower levels of progesterone, testosterone, estrogen

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Menopause:

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End of menstruation -if bleeding after menopause NOT normal and need checked

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Age of perimenopausal middle adult women:

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45-55 years old "around menopause"

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Erikson's theory of middle adults:

answer

Caring is a middle age virtue

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Kohlberg theory of middle adults:

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Conventional/Post conventional

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Gilligan theory of middle adult women:

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Do not want to hurt others, conflict between selfishness and responsibility

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Gilligan theory of middle adult men:

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Interested in justice, fairness, rights of individuals

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Overweight BMI:

answer

28 to 30

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Obesity BMI:

answer

greater than 24

question

Amount of time between fecal occult exams:

answer

Every year

question

Amount of time between sigmoid oscopy exams:

answer

every 5 years

question

Amount of time between Capsule Endoscopy exams:

answer

every 5 years

question

Framingham study:

answer

worry, conflict, anger, ambitiousness all affects BP (increases it)

question

During middle adulthood, physiological changes affect most bodily systems. These changes include:

answer

Thinning of the intervertebral disks

question

The leading causes of death in middle adulthood, in both White and Black populations, are the same and include:

answer

Heart disease

question

The nurse initiates an exercise program with middle-aged adults by:

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Considering activities that have the least potential for injury

question

Bloom (1984) has developed a hierarchy of cognitive levels in the adult learner. The analysis cognitive level for the adult learner would be:

answer

Breaking down material into its constituent results while noting their relationships

question

The nurse, teaching a class on smoking cessation to a group of middle-age adults, presents the adverse effects of smoking, which include that nicotine:

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Acts to stimulate the heart

question

A condition of the bone that is the result of bone lysis exceeding the rate of bone matrix synthesis is called:

answer

Osteopenia

question

A 50-year-old man is initiating an exercise program to help improve his cardiovascular health. What are some of the recommended guidelines that the nurse should instruct him on:

answer

1. Overexertion should be avoided 2. Increase fluid intake during periods of strenuous exercise in hot weather 3. suggested activities include swimming, jogging, biking and walking

question

A 48-year-old woman complains to her nurse that she is experiencing frequent episodes of insomnia. What are some measures the nurse should educate her about:

answer

1. Insomnia is common for this age group 2. Avoid/reduce the amount of caffeinated beverages that are consumed 3. Have a regular schedule for waking/sleeping

question

Common visual conditions which may occur in middle-aged adults include which of the following:

answer

1. Presbyopia 2. Glaucoma 3. Cataracts 4. Macular Degeneration

question

The nurse provides anticipatory guidance to people during middle age to meet developmental tasks of:

answer

1. Helping children become successful happy adults 2. rediscovering new satisfaction in relationship with one's spouse 3. developing an affection but independent relationship with elderly parents 4. reaching peak in one's career 5. developing leisure-time activities

Nursing 219 middle adults (exam 4) – Flashcards

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