Nuclear Decay Worksheet Answers Chemistry – Flashcards
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+2 charge
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Alpha
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0 charge
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Gamma
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+1 charge
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Positron
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-1
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Beta
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Helium nucleus
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Alpha
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Compared to xrays
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Gamma
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Blocked by cement (lead)
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Gamma
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Blocked by paper
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Alpha
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Blocked by foil
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Beta
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High energy electrons
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Beta
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mf=mi(1/2)^n
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Half life equation
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mf
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final mass
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mi
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initial mass
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n
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number of half lives
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t-small
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elapsed time
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T-big
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duration of half life
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Mass Defect
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the difference between the mass of an atom AND the sum of the masses of its protons, neutrons, and electrons
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Nuclear Binding Energy
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the energy that is released when a nucleus is formed
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234 in protactinium-234
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mass number
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Fission
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splitting a nucleus into two or more smaller nuclei
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Chain Reaction
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self propagating reaction
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Fusion
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combining of two nuclei to form one nucleus of large mass
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Thermonuclear Reaction
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required temperature of 40,000,000K to sustain occurs naturally in stars
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U is limited, makes 3 tons of coal, danger of meltdown, toxic waste, thermal pollution
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Fission reactor problems
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20 tons of coal, fuel is abundant, no danger of meltdown, no toxic waste, not yet sustainable
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Fusion reactor problems
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A Hydrogen bomb has _________ power than an atomic bomb
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more
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A ________ particle is just like an electron
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Beta
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A ________ particle is just a positive electron
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Positron
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This particle has no mass and does not effect equations
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Gamma
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A long half life means the nucleus of an atom is _________
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Stable
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A short half life means the nucleus of an atom is __________
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not Stable
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Transmutation
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the conversion of an atom of one element to an atom of another element. ALL nuclear reactions except those involving only gamma emissions are transmutation reactions
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Induced Transmutation
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the process of striking nuclei with high-velocity charged particles. Particle accelerators, or atom smashers, are used to accelerate the particles to the extremely high speeds
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Transuranium Elements
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elements that come after uranium on the periodic table. All been produced in a lab
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Emission means that the nuclear partice (beta, Gamma, alpha, ect) will go on the ______ side of the yields, being added to something else
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right
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Only _______ _____ goes on the LEFT of the yield sign.
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Electron capture
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Nuclear Reaction
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a reaction that changes the nucleus of an atom
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Isotopes
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atoms of the same element with the same number of protons, ut a different number of neutrons
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In _______ reactions, atoms are unchanged, thought they may be rearranged. Also, these reactions are influenced by pressure, temperature, concentration, and catalyst.
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Chemical Reactions
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Penetrating Power
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the ability of radiation to pass through matter
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The primary factor in determining an atom's stability is
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the ratio of neutrons to protons
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These reactions involve ONLY valence electrons
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Chemical Reactions
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Nuclear Reactions
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have large energy changes, and the reaction rate is NOT affected by pressure, temperature, concentration, and catalyst
