question

Antipsychotic that can causes parkinsonian like features.

answer

Phenothiazine Haloperidol Trifluoperazine fluphenazine

question

Mental retardation with chewed tips of fingers and portion of lower lip. Serum uric acid is increased.

answer

Decreased hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase

question

Marphans

answer

Fibrillin-1

question

No increase in detectable serum glucose but increase in hepatic glycogen

answer

Glucose 6 phosphatase deficiency

question

Fat soluble vitamines need what to be absorbed

answer

Triglyceride

question

Fructose 2,6 bisphosphate in hepatocytes increases what

answer

Glycolysis and phosphofructokinase 1 activity

question

Sensation of tightness in the chest that gradually increases over 24 hours and last up to 2 days. Audible wheezing and a slight cough that occur during severe episodes

answer

Intrinsic asthma

question

Planned abortion

answer

One levonorgestrel tablet now and again in 12 hours

question

Tx of simple ovarian cyste

answer

Oral contraceptive therapy and second pelvic examination in 6 weeks

question

Tx thyroid storm in pregnancy with?

answer

B-adrenergic blocking agent Propylthiouracil

question

Big baby in DM mother with delayed labor

answer

Cephalopelvic disproportion

question

Diffuse, erythematous, maculopapular rash over the perineum and thighs in menstruating tampon using pt

answer

Staphylococcus aureus

question

Stress incontinence

answer

Decreased external urethral sphincter tone

question

Older women with lesions on labium majus

answer

Punch bx the affected area

question

Likely clinical course of 2nd episode of genital herpes

answer

Spontaneous disappearance of the lesion within 1 week

question

Uterus filled with scattered hyperechoic material,B-hCG 554,367 tx

answer

Suction and curettage

question

Turner syndrome what should you measure

answer

FSH and LH will be elevated to try to increase the low estrogen

question

Achondroplasia

answer

AD

question

Female with ovarian mass and is developing hair on body and muscle mass

answer

Testosterone secreting tumor

question

Early decelerations

answer

head compression

question

Variable decelerations

answer

Cord compression

question

Late decelerations

answer

Uteroplacental insufficiency

question

Painful bleeding in pregnancy 3rd trimester

answer

Abruptio placentae

question

Oral contraceptive + breastfeeding

answer

Decreased protein content in breast milk

question

11 yo girl with breast and pubic hair at Tanner stage 3

answer

Menarche is imminent

question

18 hrs after uncomplicated delivery pt spikes temp of 100.4 there are decreased breath sounds heard bilaterally with no crackles orrhonchi

answer

Atelectasis

question

Daily administration of what abx for prophylaxis UTI in female

answer

Trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole

question

Female with mild to moderate hair growth over the face, breast and lower abdomen. What is the likely cause?

answer

Increased 5a reductase activity making Dihydrotestosterone (DHT)

question

DM pt with refractory vulvar itching. KOH shows pseudohyphae and budding yeast. What is the likely cause of failure of tx?

answer

DM

question

Bicornuate uterus is at risk for?

answer

Pretermlabor and delivery

question

Menopausal women with a friable, atrophic vaginal mucosa. Scant blood in the vaginal canal. Small blood stain on her underwear during the past 6 months? what is the likely cause

answer

Hypoestrogenic state

question

Pt with day hx of pain with urination, intense vaginal itching and watery discharge. Sexually active but does not use condoms. Erythema of the vulva and vagina with yellow gray frothy discharge and a mildly fishy order. What is the cause

answer

Flagellated protozoa

question

Tinnitus and metallic taste in mouth after epidural

answer

Intravascular injection of anesthetic

question

N/V and moderate to severe pelvic pain that start soon after the onset of menses and last for 48 hour.

answer

Primary dysmenorrhea

question

Pt with multiple spontantous abortions. Hx of recurrent UTI and single left kidney. What is the likely cause of abortions?

answer

Congenital uterine anomalies

question

15 yo with severe abdominal pain. During past year had 10 episodes that last 3-5 days. Never had period. A mass is palpated in the suprapubic region of the mid-line. The cervix cannot be visualized because of bluish bulging vaginal tissue that obscures the upper vagina. What is the diagnosis.

answer

Hematocolpos = a condition where the vagina fills with blood /b of combination of menstruation with imperforated hymen.

question

Pregnant pt with fatigue and nausea. 15 year hx of anemia. Hematocrit has remained at 28% in the past 7 years despite iron supplementation. Next step in management?

answer

hemoglobin electrophoresis to see if she has thalassemia

question

8 week pregnant pt with episode of bright red vaginal bleeding with no uterine contractions or cramping. U/S shows normal fetal heart activity. What is the dx

answer

Normal pregnancy

question

32 yo pt male for routine examination. Last office visit was 5 years ago.No personal or family hx of serious illness. What is an appropriate screening test for this pt?

answer

Measurement of serum cholesterol concentration

question

22 yo with asthma exacerbation due to cold. The most effective pharmacotheray to prevent relapse that week?

answer

Oral corticosteroids

question

Endomysial IgA antibody +

answer

Gluten sensitive enteropathy

question

77 yo with progressive SOB.Lungs are clear to auscultation. Large superficial venous varicosities on lower extremities and moderate ankle and pedal edema bilaterally. O2 sat 96% at rest and 90% on exertion. X-ray of ches and ECG show no abnormalities. V-P lung scans show 2 subsegmental per fusion defects but no ventilation abnormalities. What is the cause of dyspnea

answer

Recurrent pulmonary emboli

question

52 yo female with BMI of 52 and knee pain for 6 months. Erythematous, edematous left knee. Joint aspiration shows: straw colored fluid, 0 rbc, 1000 WBC with 90% Nt, no crystals. X-ray shows narrowing of the medial joint space and subchondral bone sclerosis. What should the intervention be?

answer

Weight loss

question

Sudden onset of unremitting, severe chest pain on the left that radiates to the left arm and back. BP is 90/60. Grade 2/6 diastolic murmur in upper sternal area. Arterial blood gas analysis is normal. ECG shows nonspecific St-T wave changes, and x-ray shows small left pleural effusion. What is the dx

answer

Aortic dissection

question

52 yo with shingles. Undergoing chemo and temp of 101. 3. There is rash over the left and right lower quadrant and on back. What is the tx?

answer

IV acyclovir

question

62 yo male with 8 month hx of progressive pain and stiffness of hand. There is dark skin. S3 is heard at apex. Mild tenderness over the second and third metacarpophalangeal joints bilaterally without synovial thickening. heberden nodes are present over the distal interphalangeal joints of the index and ring finger. Hgb is 16.RF is -. Glucose is 182. Slight elevation in AST and ALT

answer

Measurement of serum ferritin concentration

question

Abd u/s that shows a poorly visualize pancreas /b of overlying bowel gas. What is the next step in diagnosis

answer

CT scan of the abdomen

question

Inability to differentiate smells. No menstrual period in a 19 yo with tanner stage 2 breast.

answer

Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism Kallmann syndrome

question

Regurgitating undigested food after meals in the past 4 months. Vague sensation of solid food stickingin throat and sometimes has heard gurgling when swallowing. No weight loss. What is the next test?

answer

Barium swallow

question

37 yo with f/u for 152/110 bp. K+ of 3.1 = low, Mg2+ of 0.8 = low, HCO of 28 = higher end of normal. Creatinine, sodium and urea are normal. What is the cause of increased BP?

answer

Mineralocorticoid excess

question

Femor fracture pt now with altered mentation, petechiae over the face, neck and chest. Scattered rhonchi are heard with no crackles or wheezes. What is the dx?

answer

Fat embolism

question

Hemoglobine A

answer

Normal Hgb

question

Pt with viral infection symptoms over a week. There is jaundice and liver edge is palpated 1 cm below the right costal margin and is slightly enlarged, smooth and tender to palpation. Lab: bilirubin total - 4.2, Direct -3.6, Alkhosp - 120, AST -350, ALT- 280, LD-410. What is the dx?

answer

Acute hepatitis

question

Asymptomatic jaundice in a pt after a tiny stressor. Hgb - 16, Bilirubin total-3.5, direct -0.2, Alk phosp -38, AST -14, ALT 12, LD -120. what is the dx?

answer

Gilbert syndrome

question

Healthcare worker with PPD of 17 mm of erythema and 11 mm of induration. Annual PPD over 5 years are normal. X-ray shows no abnormalities. TX?

answer

Administration of isoniazid

question

32 yo female with 6 weeks of SOB, fatigue and intermittent palpitations. Lungs are clear to ausculation. Normal S1 but S2 is widely split and fixed. A grade 2/6 systolic ejection murmur is heard at the cardiac base. X ray shows right ventricular enlargement, a dilated pulmonary artery, and increased pulmonary vascularity. Likely cause of findings?

answer

Fibrotic obstruction of multiple small pulmonary arteries

question

Old man that was found unresponsive after 2 days. Has DM and HTN. He is dehydrated. WBC is 16,000 with NT 70%. Na, cl, K and HCO3 are normal. Urea nitrogen is 62 elevated and creatinine is 2.2 elevated. Glucose is 840. What is the cause of the findings?

answer

Osmotic diuresis

question

62 yo man with pain on urination and rectal pain with 1 day hx of fever and chills. voiding only a small amount of urine. Temp is 102.9,. there is severe tenderness of prostate. Urinalysis shows nitrites and leukocyte esterase. What is the tx?

answer

Ciprofloxacin

question

Dilated heart with SOB over the past 6 months. Bilateral basilar crackles. Eco shows dilated left and right ventricles. What is the dx?

answer

Cardiomyopathy

question

37 yo male with 3 months hx of intermittent fever and nonproductive cough and 30lb wt loss. 2 months ago ophthalmologist tx him for left anterior uveitis. Leukocyte is within range. AST 100, alk phosph 200 both slightly elevated. X ray shows hilar adenopathy. Carbon monoxide is 70% of predicted. PPD is negative. What is dx?

answer

Sarcoidosis

question

HIV pt with lung infection. Dullness to percussion over the left upper posterior thorax, and rhonchi heard over the same area. What will most likely confirm the dx?

answer

Bx and culture of the lung mass

question

Abx after sigmoid colectomy for perforated diverticulitis?

answer

Levofloxacin and metronidazole

question

67 yo at 2 week f/u for sigmoid colecotmy for perforated diverticulitis. Has had fever for 2 days. Currently on levofloxacin and metronidazol. Temp is 101.3. Lungs are clear and abd wound is healed. WBC 8400 with 60% Nt. urine normal. What is the likely cause of fever?

answer

Drug allerges

question

Pt with 2 month hx of decreased energy. 7lb wt loss during this time. Laps WBC 7500, Nt 56%, Eos 23%, lymp 14%, Na 128, K 6, What is the next steep in dx?

answer

Three serial test of the stool for ova and parasites

question

87 yo with fever, chills, lethargy and agitation for 2 days. Temp is 101. Exam = tenderness to lower abd and right costovertebral angle. Lab: wbc 18,000. Urine: RBC 20, WBC 50, Granular cast, Bacteria few. What is the dx?

answer

Pyelonephritis

question

77 yo with intermittent atrial fibrillation despite cardioversion 2 months ago. No hx of cerebral infarctio nor TIA. What is the drug to prevent cerebral infarction in this pt?

answer

Warfarin

question

57 yo male with 3 month hx of leg pain that began at the knee and now involves the entire leg. No hx of trauma. There is warmth and tenderness to palpation over the left anterior tibia. Xray shows increased cortical thicknes along the tibia with slight anterior bowing. There is no peristeal reaction. Serum alk phosphatase is 100. Whole body bone scan show several areas of increased uptake, including the tibial region. What is the following likely cause?

answer

Pagets dz = increased bone turn over

question

Acute gout tx

answer

Indomethacin

question

42 yo with occasional twitching of muscles in all four extremities. Atrophy and weakness of the hands more on the right than left. Deep tendon reflexes are markedly increased in the extremities. Sensory examination shows no abnormalities. Serum CK 355. nerve conduction studies show no abnormalities. Electromyography shows acute and chronic denervation in several muscles of both upper extremities and left lower extremity. What is the dx?

answer

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

question

25 yo male found lying in street while running. Has DM1. Unresponsive with no other abnormalities. What is the next step

answer

Administration of 50% dextrose in water

question

52 yo male alcoholism unable to move lower extremities for the past 4 hours. He is awake and alert. Slight swelling of lower extremities. He has oliguria with bladder catheterization only yielding a small amount of urine that is + for blood by dipstick. What is the dx?

answer

Rhabdomyolysis

question

Pericardial effusion

answer

Paradoxical pulse

question

Pt with breast cancer that is receiving chemo via indwelling CVC. Temp of 102.5, BP 90/50. No erythema around catheter site. Lungs are clear to auscultation. Labs: WBC 3200. Urine rbc 2, wbc 2, bacteria occasional. In addition to ceftazidime, empiric antibiotic therapy should include?

answer

Vancomycin

question

Previously healthy 57 year old man comes to the physician because of increasing pain at multiple sites in his back, arms, and legs. Examinations shows no abnormalities. A bone scan is shown. what is the dx?

answer

Bone metastasis

question

Symptomatic AS

answer

Aortic valve replacement

question

Pt with sepsis BP 90/50, temp 103.6, CVP 15 (n is 5-8) Has been aggressively resuscitated with IV fluids. what is the next step

answer

Systemic broad spectrum abx therapy

question

Pt has low grade fever and generalized rash for 4 days. Has been receiving cefazolin for chronic osteomyelitis. Temp is 100.8. There is no costovertebral angle tenderness. All labs are normal except rare WBC cast and eosiophils in urine sediment. What is the most likely location of lesions?

answer

Renal tubule

question

Pt with broken femor found 2 days later with bp 88/54, Na 155, glucose 295. What is the next step

answer

IV 0.9 ns

question

TX herpes infection of the finger?

answer

Oral acyclovir

question

Bright red papules, vesicles, and bullae,somein linear pattern, on forearms, neck and face. They are oozing vesicles over the wrists. Pt was working in garden. What would have prevented this?

answer

Avoidance of contact with weeds

question

48 alcoholic male with temp of 101 and BP 90/55. Tenderness with voluntary guarding in left upper quadrant; bowel sounds are absent. Occult blood is +.Serum Ca+ 7.6 (low), albumin 3.5 (n). what is the best dx?

answer

Pancreatitis

question

20 yo male with gynecomastia, no sexual interest, 6 ft tall,sparse facial hair and long upper and lower extremities, pubic hair tanner stage 3, testes are small. FSH 50 (H), LH 40 (H), Testosterone 6 (L). what would confirm the dx?

answer

Karyotype analysis

question

2 weeks after treatment of unexplained fever, 57 yo male develops acute renal failure. Current mdx: acetazolamide, lisinopril, heparin, amikacin, and naproxen. 2+ pitting edema. U/A shows few WBC, epithelial cells and numerous muddy brown cast. Which of the following is most likely the cause of ARF?

answer

Amikacin

question

Rheumatoid arthritis, splenomegaly and neutropenia or pancytopenia

answer

Felty syndrome

question

8 week hx of diarrhea . On exam pt has patchy alopecia on the scalp and hyperkeratotic lesions on the elbows and knees. What is the likely deficiency?

answer

Zinc

question

erythematous, fluctuant area of edema in the intergluteal cleft above the sacrum at the midline. Tender to palpation, and there is a small amount of purulent discharge from the a small opening. What is the next step?

answer

Surgical drainage

question

37 yo female with sudden onset of nonradiating substernal chest pain that awakened her from sleep. Has had 3 episode over the last year. ECG showed sinus bradycardia with normal axis, normal PR interval and QRS interval of 0.16. There was 2 mm ST segment elevations in leads II, III, and avF with no Q waves. Vital are WNL except HR of 55. What is the likely cause of pain?

answer

Variant angina pectoris aka prinzmetal angina

question

Pharmacotherapy for urinary incontinence of not able to reach a bathroom quickly enough after feeling the need to void?

answer

Oxybutynin

question

73 yo with syncopal episodes with no warning. Next step in diagnosis

answer

Ambulatory ECG monitoring

question

37 with WBC 23,600, metamyelocytes 5% dx

answer

Chronic myelogenous leukemia

question

57 yo man with 4 days of progressive SOB and cough of yellow sputum. Has COPD tx with ipratropium. Temp is 98.6. Breath sounds are decreased, scattered rhonchi are heard. O2sat 90%. X ray shows hyperinflation of the lungs. What is the dx?

answer

Bronchitis

question

Head truam now with Na 120 and urine osmo 340. Average urine output is 50 ml/h. Tx?

answer

Fluid restriciton

question

Farm worker with sudden onset of HA,dizziness, N/V. Pulse 52 and BP 90/60. There is generalized weakness, diaphoresis and pinpoint pupils. What is the mechanism of condition?

answer

Decreased synaptic activity of cholinesterase

question

Swollen joint. WBC serum is 10,000, and ERS 40. X ray shows degenerative joint dz and osteopenia but not fracture. What is the next step?

answer

Aspiration of the knee joint

question

47 yo with nonproductive cough for 10 weeks. Never had smokes. X ray shows 3 cm peripheral lesion. What is the most likely dx?

answer

Adenocarcinoma of the lung

question

15 yo with intermittent fleeting painunder her left breast. Normal s1, s2 with midystolic click. What is the tx?

answer

Reassurance only

question

Pt with intermittent burning chest pain at night that is relieved by sitting up. has a 2/6 holosystolic murmur heard beast at the apex and radiates to the axilla. What is the next step?

answer

Oral administration of an H2 receptor blocking agent

question

90 yo female with 1 month hx of generalized itching and decreased appetite. Has had 30 year hx of HTN tx with hydrochlorothiazide and atenolol. cognition is intact. WBC 4,000, Na138, K 5.9, Ca 10.2, urea nitrogen 45, creatinine what is the likely cause of the anorexia?

answer

Renal failure

question

tx of hypercalcimia ca of 13

answer

IV 0.9 saline

question

DM II pt what additional drug should a pt be on to decrease for diabetic complications?

answer

ACE inhibitor like enalapril

question

62 yo with 3 months of SOB. There is a slow rising sustained carotid pulse. The apical beat is sustained and inferiorly and laterally displaced on palpation of the chest. A grade 4/6 harsh systolic ejection murmur is heard. What is the likely dx?

answer

Bicuspid aortic vavle

question

Even if a pt has a new mutation of PKD what is the risk for her children

answer

50% /b it is AD

question

CHF most likely to show on pleural fluid

answer

Glucose concentration approximately equal to serum glucose concentration

question

When the upper limit of normal is increased from less than 5% to less than 8% how does that effect sensitivity and specificity

answer

Decreased sensitivity Increased specificity

question

Pt with confusion and drowsiness. She has breast ca. On arrival she is lethargic and not oriented. She has sunken eyes and dry mucous membranes. Ca is 16. What is the next step?

answer

IV 0.9 saline

question

During a water depravation test at 0 hrs urine osmo = 200 and serum osmo = 285; at 5 hrs urine osmo = 400 and serum osmo = 300 After desmopressin the urine osmo is 1000. What is the likely dx?

answer

Idiopathic central diabetes insipidus

question

42 yo male with SOB, nonsmoker. Brother with lung transplant. X ray shows hyperlucent lung fields most prominent at the bases, and flattened diaphragms.

answer

Abnormality of antiprotease resulting in destruction of alveolar supporting sturctures

question

Iron deficiency

answer

decreased mean red cell volume

question

47 yo male alchoholic with 2 weeks of fever and cough productive of brown, foul smelling sputum. poor dentition. Breath sounds are decreased over the lower lung field. X ray shows 3 x 5 cm round lesion with air fluid level. What is the abx?

answer

Clindamycin

question

62 yo female with COPD. Has not had pharmacotherapy yet. Mildly decreased air movement; occasional wheezes are heard. ph 7.42, Pco2 40, PO2 74 what is the next step in management?

answer

Ipratropium

question

37 yo femlae with 6 weeks of puffy eyes and swelling of legs. She has had heavy bleeding, wt gain. Heart sounds are distant. CK is 130, cholesterol is 300. What is the next step in dx?

answer

Measurement of serum thyroid stimulating hormone concentration.

question

Group B strep prevention in an unknown pt

answer

if delivery has not occurred in 18 hours after eruption of membranes.

question

Couple trying to conceive over 3 years. She has periods. Has had multiple sexual partners. Pelvic exam shows no abnormalities. What is the next step to do?

answer

Hysterosalpingography

question

HTN in pregnancy

answer

Uteroplacental insufficiency

question

Petechiae on the vaginal mucosa, abundant, foul smelling frothy green discharge in the vaginal vault; no foreign body. Large ectropion on the cervix. What is the next step?

answer

Wet mount preparation of the vaginal fluid

question

Positive PPD in pregnancy what is the next step?

answer

X-ray of the chest

question

57 yo with 2 months of vulvar itching. There is a 1 x 1 1/2 cm ulcerated lesion on the inner righ labium majus surrounded by mild erythema. There is no inguinal adenopathy. What is the likely dx

answer

Vulvar carcinoma

question

days after c -section, becasue of fetal distress, a hospitalized 42 yr old womanis found unconcious. she has temperature, friction rub, biltaeral wheezing . ABG: PH - 7.26 PCo2 - 28 Po2 - 60 ( low o2 and po2) xray shows atelectasis . ECG shows tachycardia with cor pulmonale

answer

PE

question

F/u VDRL or rapid plasma reagin + test with?

answer

Fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test

question

Full term pt in labor and the membranes rupture with clear fluid. The fetal heart rate decreases to 90. What is the next step?

answer

Pelvic examination

question

23 yo female with RLQ pain for 18 hrs. Period was 6 weeks ago. 3 weeks ago a 5x5x4 cm mass was found in the right adenexa. She is not sexually active. There is tenderness in the RLQ with rebound and guarding. U/S shows a 10 x 8 x 7 right sided mass with cystic and solid components. What is the likely dx?

answer

Torsion of an ovairan cyst

question

42 yo has amniocentesis which shows 46 xx. At birth the newborn has a phallus and scrotum. What is the likely discrepancy?

answer

ACTH oversecrtion

question

Anorexia lab values for hormones

answer

Decreased estrogen and FSH concentrations

question

Pregnant and work at daycare. Fetus has hydrops. what is the cause

answer

Fetal parvovirus B19 infection

question

16 yo never had period. Breasts are tanner stage 3. No axilary or pubic hair. vagina is 2 cm in length, there is no uterus. What is the diagnosis?

answer

Androgen insensitivity syndrome they usually present with no sexual hair unlike mullerian agensis they probable would have pubic hair.

question

Obesity increases the risk of endometrial ca because of what conversion?

answer

Androstenedione to estrone

question

12 yo female that has had 1 yo of progressive facial hair growth and acne. Breast are tanner stage 1 and axillary and pubic hair is stage 3. Pelvic exam shows a 2 cm vaginal canal, significant clitoromegaly, posterior labioscrotal fusion, and no cervix or palpable uterus. there is bilateral gonads without follicles. What would chromosomal analysis reveal?

answer

46 x, y this is 5 a reductase deficiency

question

Raw, deep, exquisitely tender ulcer at the introitus with an uneven base and inflamed undermined margines is what organism?

answer

Haemophilus ducreyi

question

37 yo G8,P8 has vaginal bleeding. Abd exam is normal. Bimanual and rectal examination show a 8 cm mass of the upper cervix and right parametrium. No ovary is palpated separately. A ct scan shows a right hydroureter above the level of the mass. What is the dx?

answer

Squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix

question

Sexually trasmitted disease like aids how often do you get PAP

answer

1 a year

question

Diagnosis of endometriosis

answer

Laproscopy

question

Treatment uterine infection after c-sectoin

answer

iV ampicillin and gentamicin

question

Ruptured membranes at 28 weeks. After administration of intramuscular corticosteroids and IV antibiotics, which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management? The fetus heart rate is 150 with moderate variability.

answer

Second administration of corticosteroids in 24 hours

question

After placenta is delivered there is a firm pale mass in the lower vagina. The pt develops SOB and BP is 60/40. The uterus cannot be palpated on abd exam. TX /w iv saline does not improve. What is the dx?

answer

Uterine inversion

question

Multiple 0.25 cm raised, crusty papules on the posterio rfourchette. Pap smear shows low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. What is the dx.

answer

Condylomata acuminata

question

Valproic acid is associated with what fetal defect

answer

Neural tube

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