Neurology Nystagmus – Flashcards
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what are the types of nystagmus?
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> Jerk= fast phase & slow fase, specific direction >Pendular= equal velocity & amplitude in all directions (congenital)
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if a nystagmus changes with rest what is this known as?
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> Spontaneous nystagmus
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nystagmus change with cardinal positions of gaze is known as?
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> gaze- evoked nystagmus
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A nystagmus caused by PNS problems will not change direction, true of false
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TRUE
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change in direction of nystagmus indicates what?
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> CNS Problem
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A sign of a down beating nystagmus indicates what?
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> CNS pathology cause (serious)
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Hal Pike, head turning & lying on back & sides does what to a nystagmus?
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>CNS nystagmus = unaffected > PNS nystagmus = will disappear after 2 mins
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what can nystagmus result from?
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> retinal disease >Labyrinthine disease > disorders affecting cerebellum/ brainstem
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what is the Edinger-Westphal nuclei concerned with?
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> Parasympathetic >PUPIL CONSTRICTION
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Symptoms of a vestibular nystagmus?
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> slow drifting of eyes towards damaged side >fast compensatory movement to opposite side
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CNS nystagmus is caused by?
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> damage to central vestibular connections in vestibular nuclei & brain stem > effects one eye only
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vertical gaze palsy , lesion at midbrain or pontine would cause what symptoms?
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> failure of upward/ downward gaze.
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downward gaze alone is associated with a lesion where?
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> periaqueductal lesions
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symptoms of Parinaud's syndrome?
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> impaired upward eye movement >dorsal mid brain lesion >upward gaze and convergence are lost >pupils may dilate >response to light >accommodation impaired
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down beat nystagmus occurs with what lesion ?
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>aqueduct of sylvius or cervicomedullary junction
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convergence nystagmus caused by a lesion where?
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>upper midbrain region
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see-saw nystagmus caused by ?
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> sellar or parasellar mass lesion
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pathological nystagmus occurs when ?
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>vision is defected >fixation impaired & eyes vainly search
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physiological nystagmus?
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>following moving objects beyond the limits of gaze : opticokinetic nystagmus
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vestibular nystagmus?
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>eye drifts towards damaged side >followed by fast compensatory movement to opposite side
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physiological will produce nystagmus by?
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>rotational acceleration produces nystagmus in plane or rotation
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what is pathological nystagmus associated with?
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>tinnitus, hearing loss, vertigo & nystagmus >settle simultaneously >slow phase to side of lesion >quick phase to normal side >rotatory present >will not change direction
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what can cause cause CNS nystagmus ?
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>damage to vestibular connections in nuclei and brain stem >present in one eye only
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posterior fossa lesion may produce what type of nystagmus?
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positional nystagmus >fast phase occurs towards side or cerebellar damage
