NCLEX study pharmacology INSULIN – Flashcards
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What kinds of insulin are there?
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Rapid Acting Insulin Short Acing Insulin (Regular) Intermediate Acting Insulin (NPH) Long Acting Insulin Combination Insulin (Pre-mixed)
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What are common examples of rapid acting insulin?
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aspart (NovaLog) lispro (Humalog) glulisine (Apridra)
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What are common examples of short acting insulin (Regular)?
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Humulin R Novolin R
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What are common examples of intermediate acting insulin?
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isophane suspension: NPH Humulin N Novalin N
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What are common examples of long acting insulin?
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glargine (Lantus)
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What are common examples of combination insulin (Pre-mixed)?
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Humulin 70/30 NovoLog Mix 70/30 Humalog Mix 75/25 Humalog Mix 50/50
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What is the onset rapid acting insulin? aspart (Novolog) lispro (Humalog) glulisine (Apidra)
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5-15 minutes
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What is the peak effect of rapid acting insulin? aspart (Novolog) lispro (Humalog) glulisine (Apidra)
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1-3 hours
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What is the duration of rapid acting insulin? aspart (Novolog) lispro (Humalog) glulisine (Apidra)
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3-5 hours
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When should rapid acting insulin be administered? aspart (Novolog) lispro (Humalog) glulisine (Apidra)
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With meals. Do not administer unless meals are available.
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What should be monitored for with rapid acting insulin? aspart (Novolog) lispro (Humalog) glulisine (Apidra)
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HYPOGLYCEMIA HYPOKALEMIA LIPIDOSTROPHY Always have an oral carbohydrate available.
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Can rapid acting insulin be given IV? aspart (Novolog) lispro (Humalog) glulisine (Apidra)
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may be given short term IV therapy with VERY CLOSE monitoring
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What is the onset of short acting (REGULAR) insulin? Humulin R Novolin R
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30 minutes to one hour
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What is the peak onset of short acting (REGULAR) insulin? Humulin R Novolin R
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2-4 hours
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What is the duration of short acting (REGULAR) insulin? Humulin R Novolin R
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6-8 hours
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What is short acting REGULAR insulin indicated for? Humulin R Novolin R
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used for dosing patients with SLIDING SCALE
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Can sort acting (REGULAR) insulin be administered IV? Humulin R Novolin R
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Yes may be given IVP or continuous infusion.
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What should monitored for when administering short acting (REGULAR) insulin? Humulin R Novolin R
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HYPOGLYCEMIA HYPOKALEMIA LIPIDOSTROPHY Always have an oral carbohydrate available.
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What is the onset for intermediate acting insulin? Isophane suspension: NPH Humulin N Novolin N
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1 - 1.5 hours
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What is the peak onset for intermediate acting insulin? Isophane suspension: NPH Humulin N Novolin N
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6-12 hours
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What is the duration for intermediate acting insulin? Isophane suspension: NPH Humulin N Novolin N
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18 - 24 hours
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What does intermediate acting insulin look like? Isophane suspension: NPH Humulin N Novolin N
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cloudy suspension
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Can intermediate acting insulin be mixed with regular or rapid acting insulin? Isophane suspension: NPH Humulin N Novolin N
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YES
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What is the technique for mixing intermediate insulin with rapid or regular insulin? Isophane suspension: NPH Humulin N Novolin N
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CLEAR TO CLOUDY Draw up clear (regular or rapid acting) then draw up cloudy (NPH)
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What should be monitored for with intermediate insulin? Isophane suspension NPH Humulin N Novolin N
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HYPOGLYCEMIA HYPOKALEMIA LIPIDOSTROPHY Always have an oral carbohydrate available.
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When is the onset of long acting insulin? glargine (Lantus)
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2 - 4 hours
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When is the peak effect of long acting insulin? glargine (Lantus)
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No peak
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What is the duration of long acting insulin? glargine (Lantus)
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24 hours
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When is Long acting insulin administered? glargine (Lantus)
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Once daily SQ provides 24 hour coverage
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Why is there a decreased risk of hypoglycemia with long acting insulin? glargine (Lantus)
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No peak, insulin delivered at a steady level
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What should be monitored for with long acting insulin? glargine (Lantus)
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HYPOGLYCEMIA HYPOKALEMIA LIPIDOSTROPHY Always have an oral carbohydrate available.
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Can long acting insulin be mixed with another insulin? glargine (Lantus)
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NO! DO NOT MIX with any other insulin
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What is Combination Insulin (Premixed)? Humulin 70/30 NovoLog Mix 70/30 Humalog Mix 75/25 Humalog Mix 50/50
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Intermediate Acting Insulin combined with either Rapid Acting or Short Acting (REGULAR) Insulin.
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When is the onset and peak of combination insulin? Humulin 70/30 NovoLog Mix 70/30 Humalog Mix 75/25 Humalog Mix 50/50
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Depends on the combination.
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What is the duration of combination insulin? Humulin 70/30 Novolog mix 70/30 Humalog mix 75/25 Humalog mix 50/50
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All provide 24 hour duration
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What should be monitored with combination insulin? Humulin 70/30 Novolog mix 70/30 Humalog mix 75/25 Humalog mix 50/50
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HYPOGLYCEMIA HYPOKALEMIA LIPIDOSTROPHY Always have an oral carbohydrate available.
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What is the ONLY type of insulin that can be given IV (according to HURST)?
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NPH Short acting insulin (REGULAR)
