Myers, Exploring Psychology 9e Ch.15 Quizzes – Flashcards
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1. A therapist who uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic methods is said to be a. client-centered. b. eclectic. c. humanistic. d. meta-analytic.
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b
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2. While focusing on several intrusive thoughts that had been bothering her recently, Jenny was instructed by her therapist to report any ideas or memories stimulated by these thoughts. Jenny's therapist was making use of a technique known as a. active listening. b. free association. c. systematic desensitization. d. transference.
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b
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3. Classical psychoanalysts were especially interested in a. encouraging patients to carefully observe the consequences of their maladaptive behaviors. b. minimizing the possibility that patients would experience anxiety during therapy. c. discouraging patients from using antianxiety or antidepressant drugs. d. interpreting the meaning of patients' resistance to therapeutic procedures.
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d
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4. Who emphasized the importance of active listening in the process of psychotherapy? a. Mary Cover Jones b. Carl Rogers c. Sigmund Freud d. Hans Eysenck
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b
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5. A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of water by getting her to swim in the family's backyard pool three times a day for two consecutive weeks. The therapist's approach to helping Rebecca best illustrates a. psychodynamic therapy. b. aversive conditioning. c. exposure therapy. d. EMDR.
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c
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6. Systematic desensitization is a form of a. aversive conditioning. b. exposure therapy. c. free association. d. electroconvulsive therapy.
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b
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7. In a home for troubled youth, adolescents receive large colored buttons when they hang up their clothes, make their beds, and come to meals on time. The adolescents return the buttons to staff members to receive bedtime snacks or watch TV. This best illustrates an application of a. client-centered therapy. b. systematic desensitization. c. operant conditioning. d. virtual reality exposure therapy.
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c
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8. Cognitive therapists are most likely to a. focus special attention on clients' positive and negative feelings about their therapists. b. employ personality tests to accurately diagnose their clients' difficulties. c. emphasize the importance of clients' personal interpretations of life events. d. systematically associate clients' undesirable behaviors with unpleasant experiences.
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c
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9. Nancy's therapist encourages her to think about her strengths rather than her weaknesses and to develop a habit of thanking others when they compliment her or provide emotional support. The therapist's approach best illustrates a. psychoanalysis. b. client-centered therapy. c. cognitive-behavioral therapy. d. virtual reality exposure therapy.
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c
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10. Psychotherapy is likely to be most effective when a client's problem is a. clear-cut. b. the result of unconscious conflicts. c. a response to a stressful life situation. d. self-inclicted.
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a
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11. Because she mistakenly believes that the herbal remedy she is using will help her lose weight, Mrs. Redding is feeling a considerable reduction in her appetite. This best illustrates a. systematic desensitization. b. progressive relaxation. c. the placebo effect. d. tardive dyskinesia.
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c
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12. The double-blind procedure is most likely to be used in evaluating the effectiveness of a. cognitive therapies. b. behavior therapies. c. humanistic therapies. d. drug therapies.
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d
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13. Tardive dykinesia is associated with the long-term use of certain ________ drugs. a. antianxiety b. antipsychotic c. antidepressant d. mood-stabilizing
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b
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14. Which of the following individuals is most likely to benefit from lithium? a. Olivia, who experiences delusions and auditory hallucinations b. Landon, who experiences a generalized sense of apprehension and anxiety c. Miranda, who experiences periods of extreme sadness followed by episodes of optimistic overexcitement d. Ivan, who experiences sudden brief episodes of intense dread and panic
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c
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15. Preventive mental health attempts to reduce the likelihood of psychological disorders by a. enabling more people to see professional psychotherapists. b. encouraging depressed people to take more personal responsibility for their own problems. c. establishing programs to wipe out poverty and other demoralizing situations. d. emphasizing the importance of using an eclectic approach to therapy.
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c
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1. During her weekly therapy sessions, Sabrina will often abruptly shift the focus of her attention and lose her train of thought. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates a. transference. b. progressive relaxation. c. resistance. d. tardive dyskinesia.
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c
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2. Who emphasized the importance of transference in the therapeutic process? a. Hans Eysenck b. Egaz Moniz c. Carl Rogers d. Sigmund Freud.
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d
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3. Client-centered therapists emphasize the importance of a. interpreting the meaning of clients' nonverbal behaviors. b. enabling clients to feel unconditionally accepted. c. helping clients identify various anxiety-arousing experiences. d. discouraging clients from using antianxiety drugs
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b
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4. To help Adam reduce his fear of dogs, a therapist encourages him to physically relax and then simply imagine that he is walking toward a friendly and harmless little dog. The therapist's technique best illustrates a. psychodynamic therapy. b. operant conditioning. c. free association. d. systematic desensitization.
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d
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5. To help Janet overcome her nearly irresistible craving for chocolate, a therapist provides her with a supply of chocolate candies that contain solidified droplets of a harmless but very bitter-tasting substance. This approach to treatment best illustrates a. systematic desensitization. b. light exposure therapy. c. aversive conditioning. d. cognitive-behavioral therapy.
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c
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6. The goal of encouraging therapy clients to reduce their incapacitating anxiety by saying positive things to themselves during anxiety-producing situations best illustrates a form of a. light exposure therapy. b. psychodynamic therapy. c. humanistic therapy. d. cognitive therapy.
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d
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7. Many physicians did not realize that bleeding was an ineffective treatment for typhoid fever until researchers made effective use of a. systematic desensitization. b. psychopharmacology. c. a control group. d. exposure therapies.
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c
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8. Which of the following factors is NOT a therapeutically effective component of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing? a. reliving traumatic memories b. rapidly moving one's eyes c. a relaxing therapeutic environment d. patients' anticipation that the treatment will work
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b
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9. The most effective psychotherapists are those who a. employ personality tests to accurately diagnose their clients' difficulties. b. have had many years of experience practicing psychotherapy. c. establish an empathic, caring relationship with their clients. d. discourage clients from using antianxiety or antidepressant drugs.
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c
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10. Which of the following drugs is most likely to provide schizophrenia patients with some relief from their auditory hallucinations and paranoia? a. Thorazine b. Xanax c. lithium d. Prozac
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a
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11. Which of the following is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor? a. Xanax b. Prozac c. lithium d. Thorazine
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b
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12. Patients receive a general anesthetic and muscle relaxant prior to treatment with a. rTMS. b. EMDR. c. SSRIs. d. ECT.
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d
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13. If a patient suffers uncontrollable seizures, physicians can destroy specific nerve clusters that cause or transmit the convulsions. This best illustrates a procedure known as a. rTMS. b. psychosurgery. c. systematic desensitization. d. electroconvulsive therapy.
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b
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14. Considering the greatest range of factors that may contribute to the process of healing is most clearly facilitated by a ________ approach to therapy. a. biomedical b. psychodynamic c. biopsychosocial d. client-centered
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c
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15. Which of the following is an important component of therapeutic lifestyle change promoted by Stephen Ilardi and his colleagues? a. rTMS b. aerobic exercise c. free association d. systematic desensitization
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b
