Music Appreciation Unit 2: Middle Ages/ Renaissance – Flashcards
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the ___ is a stately dance in duple meter similar to the pavane
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passamezzo
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one of the major characteristics of ars nova music is its use of
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syncopation
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the renaissance in music occurred bw
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1450 and 1600
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during the middle ages women
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were not permitted to sing in church
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Machaut's compositions consist mainly of
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love songs with instrumental accompaniment
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a famous French woman troubadour was
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beatriz de Dia
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the passamezzo is a
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stately dance in duple meter
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a versatile plucked string instrument with a body shaped like half a pear, popular during the renaissance, was the
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lute
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church authorities in the middle ages ___ their religious services.
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wanted music only as a discreet accompaniment to
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the "dark ages" in Europe
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began about 450 with the disintegration of the roman empire
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josquin desprez was a contemporary of
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Christopher colombus
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the renaissance may be described as an age of
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-exploration and adventure -curiosity and individualism -the rebirth of human creativity
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Hildegard of Bingen was
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-a visionary & mystic active in religious and diplomatic affairs -abbess of the convent at Rupertsberg the 1st women composer to leave a large number of works that have survived
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most medieval music was
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vocal
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Gregorian chant
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-is set to sacred Latin texts -was the official music of the Roman Catholic church for more than 1,000 yrs -retained some elements of the Jewish synagogue of the 1st centuries after Christ
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an estampie is a medieval
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dance
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the Notre Dame Mass by Guillaume de Machaut was
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the 1st polyphonic treatment of the mass ordinary by a known composer
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the earliest surviving chant manuscripts date from about the ___ century.
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ninth
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Josquin desprez spent much of his life in
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Italy
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Trouvere songs of the middle ages dealt with all the following subjects except
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religion
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the earliest extant liturgical morality play, Ordo virtutum (Play of the Virtues) was composed by
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Hildegard of Bingen
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the first large body of secular songs that survives in decipherable notation was composed
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during the twelfth and 13th centuries
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the first, the organ was
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a primitive instrument whose keys were operated by heavy blows of the fist
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renaissance music sounds fuller than medieval music because
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-the typical choral piece has 4, 5, or 6 voice parts of nearly equal melodic interest -the bass register is used for the 1st time -composers considered the harmonic effect of chords rather than superimposing one melody above another
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the earliest known composers to write music with measured rhythms were
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Leonin and Perotin
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The renaissance madrigal began around 1520 in
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Italy
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the term ars nova refers to
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French and Italian music for the 14th century
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Beatriz de Dia was
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one of a number of women troubadours
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the gothic period in Europe encompassed the years
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1150-1450
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the ars nova, or new art, of the 14th century differed from older music in that
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a new system of notation permitted composers to specify almost any rhythmic pattern
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the renaissance madrigal is a
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piece of several solo voices set to s short poem, usually about love
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the texture of renaissance music is chiefly
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polyphonic
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Thomas Weelkes's As Vesta Was Descending is notable for its
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word painting
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The two main forms of sacred Renaissance music are the mass the
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motet
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Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina's
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music includes 104 masses and some 450 other sacred works
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Gregorian chant
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is monophonic in texture
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____ is a term applied to medieval music that consist of Gregorian chant and one or more additional melodic lines
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organum
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Gregorian chant consists of
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melody sung without accompaniment
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Palestrina's career centered in
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Rome
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Cantus Firmus is the term used for
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a chant that is used as the basis for polyphony
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the church modes were
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the basic scaled of western music during the middle ages
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the Romanesque period in Europe encompassed the years
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1000-1150
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a chant that is used as the basis for polyphony is known as
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cantus firmus
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Guillaume de Machaut was a ____ as well musician
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-poet -priest -court official
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The French secular songs of the middle ages usually dealt with
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-spinning -love the crusades
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in the middle ages the organ
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was a prominent church instrument
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Medieval music that consists of Gregorian chant and one or more additional melodic lines is
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organum
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Palestrina's Pope Marcellus Mass sounds fuller than Josquin's Ave Maria bc
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it is set for 6 voices instead of 4
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Leonin and Perotin are notable bc they
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-are the 1st important composers known by name -indicated definite time values and a clearly defined meter in music -were the leaders of the school of Notre Dame
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The Renaissance motet is a
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polyphonic choral work set to a sacred Latin Text other than the ordinary of the mass
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a madrigal, like a motet, is a vocal composition that combines homo-phonic and polyphonic textures; but it differs from the motet in that it
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-uses a vernacular rather than Latin text -more often uses word painting and unusual harmonies
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secular music is the 14th century
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-became more important than sacred music -included drinking songs & pieces in which bird calls, dog barks, and shouting hunters are imitated
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a cappella refers to
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unaccompanied choral music
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the wandering minstrels, or jongleurs, of the middle ages
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-performed music & acrobatics in castles, taverns, & town squares -lived on the lowest level of society -played instrumental dances on harps, fiddles, & lutes
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much of the instrumental music composed during the renaissance was intended for
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dancing
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an outstanding composer of the ars nova was
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Guillaume de Machaut
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The melody added to the Gregorian chant to form organum around 1100 was usually ____ the original chant
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much faster than
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an important woman composer of the middle ages was
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Hildegard of Bingen
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the medieval jongulars, important sources of info. in a time when there were no newspapers, were
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on the lowest social level
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a new system of music notation which allowed composers to specify almost any rhythmical pattern had evolved by the
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early 14th century
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pope gregory the great
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reorganized the liturgy of the catholic church during his reign from 590 to 604
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many prominent renaissance composers, who held important posts all over the continent, came from an area of Europe known at that time as
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Flanders
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the development of the English madrigal can be traced to 1588 & considered a result of
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the publication in London of a volume of translated Italian madrigals
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in the middle ages most important musicians were
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priests
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an outstanding composer of the Notre Dame school was
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Perotin
