Music Appreciation Test Questions – Flashcards
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Which branch of musicology approaches music from a scientific or philosophical perspective?
answer
systematic musicology
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Which musical composition is the shortest in length?
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motive
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Which term describes the use of instruments in a piece of music?
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orchestration
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Which section is not one of the four groups in the orchestral palette?
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voice
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To make a song to flow smoothly from note to note, which parameter would a composer adjust?
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articulation
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What would a researcher who studies the tango dance music of Argentina be called?
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ethnomusicologist
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What does forte mean
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to play loudly
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Which tern does not name a music parameter?
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fragmentation
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Which term applies to how music notation is analyzed and written out?
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music theory
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Which term describes shortening a motive by taking away notes or only using part of it?
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fragmentation
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Which units measure the amplitude of sound waves?
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decibels
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Which characteristic will a note with a high pitch also have?
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a high frequency
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Which bone is not in the middle ear?
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drum
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Where is the cochlea located?
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in the inner ear
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Is this statement true or false? As long as noise is not painful, it is not damaging your hearing.
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false
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Is this statement true or false? Once hearing is damaged, it cannot be repaired.
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true
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Which part of the ear carries sounds in the form of electrical energy to the brain?
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auditory nerve
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What is the basis of all sound?
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vibrating molecules in the air
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Which term names the points on a sound wave that do not move?
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nodes
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Which term names the part of a sound wave by which frequency or pitch is measured?
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cycle
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Which phrase describes the parts of a basic music staff?
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5 lines and 4 spaces
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How many letters make up the music alphabet?
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7
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Which element of music notation extends the staff upward and downward?
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ledger lines
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What is formed by combining the staves of the treble and the bass clef?
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grand staff
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What note sits in the middle of the grand staff?
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middle C
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Which clefs would be used for the violin, viola, and cello, in that order?
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treble, alto, bass
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Which example is something that an ethnomusicologist would not study to learn about the music of an ancient culture?
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recordings of musical performances
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Which was likely the first musical instrument?
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voice
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In ancient Egypt and Israel, which musicians were held in the highest esteem?
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religious musicians
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How did people first hand down music from one generation to the next?
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by memorizing it and teaching others
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What kind of instrument is the Egyptian sistrum?
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rattle
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How many notes were in the musical scale used by the ancient Chinese?
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five
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Which ancient civilization had the oldest musical notation system in the world?
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Mesopotamia
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Which civilization created an Imperial Music Bureau?
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Chinese
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Who invented the shofar?
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Hebrews
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Who created religious songs known as psalms?
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Hebrews
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Which branch of musicology develops new techniques for analyzing music composition?
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music theory
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What does a composer do when orchestrating a piece of music?
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assigns instruments to the music
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Which term is used when a composer shortens a motive by using only part of it or by taking away notes?
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fragmentation
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Which term names a musical parameter?
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articulation
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What is a motive?
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short piece of music that can be modified, central idea
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Which term is associated with how high a music note sounds?
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pitch
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Which term is associated with amplitude?
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loudness or volume
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How many lines and spaces are in a basic music staff?
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5 lines, 4 spaces
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Which note is shared by a treble clef and bass clef in the middle of the grand staff?
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middle C
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In what form does sound travel?
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waves
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What is the function of the inner ear?
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idk but it is NOT to turn sound waves into nerve impulses
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Which condition best describes the result of exposure to an extraordinarily loud sound?
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acoustic trauma
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Which term corresponds to the volume of sound?
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amplitude
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Which clefs would be used for the cello, viola, and violin, in that order?
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bass, alto, treble
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According to the ancient Greeks, why should musical instruments be respected?
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they were invented by the gods
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The Greeks had a a theory that the planets made sounds as they moved in their orbits, and those sounds influenced events on earth? Which term names that theory?
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The music of the spheres
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What did Pythagoras discover in his most famous musical experiment on the acoustics of strings?
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perfect intervals
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Which idea about music did Aristotle propose?
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catharsis
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Who proposed that governments should ban songs that negative feelings of anger or malice?
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Plato
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Why did the Roman military use brass instruments?
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to communicate battle orders
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The ancient Romans believed that music was primarily for which reason?
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entertainment
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Which musical instrument was used in the early Christian church?
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voice
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What was considered to be the first keyboard instrument?
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hydraulis
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Which instrument was a reeded horn developed by the Greeks?
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aulos
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Which music parameter is specified by these different types of notes? (whole, half, quarter, eighth, sixteenth)
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note duration
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Which note or notes are equal to two eighth notes?
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one quarter note
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Which combination of notes equals one whole note?
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one quarter note, two eighth notes, one half note
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Notes that are shorter in duration than quarter notes have flags on their stems. What is the purpose of the flag?
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It halves the value of the note it is attached to.
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What do rests represent in music?
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silence
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What is the time value of the dot to the right of the quarter note?
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one eighth note
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Which statement is true about 2/4 time signature?
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There are two beats per measure and the quarter note gets the beat.
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Which type of musicologist studies preserved musical instruments to learn about the music of an ancient culture?
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ethnomusicologist
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What were the first musical instruments made from wood and animal skins?
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drums
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Where were psalms sung in ancient Egypt and Israel?
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religious services
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What type of musical instrument is a shofar?
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horn
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Which scale is traditionally used in most Asian music?
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pentatonic
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Which organization composed lavish new musical events for the emperor's court of the Qin Dynasty?
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Imperial Music Bureau
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Where did the term music come from?
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Muses
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What did Pythagoras study in his most famous musical experiment?
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acoustics of strings
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Which idea stresses finding the proper balance between logos and pathos?
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doctrine of ethos
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What did the Roman military use to communicate battle orders?
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brass instruments
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Which society viewed music primarily as entertainment rather than art?
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Roman
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Which modern musical instrument is descended from the hydraulis?
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organ
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Which ancient Greek believed and proposed that music should be part of the education of young citizens?
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Plato
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What was the main role of music in Roman society?
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The Romans used music mainly as accompaniment for certain events such as festivals and games
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Which musical note has the longest duration? (a. quarter, b. half, c. eighth, d. whole)
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d. whole
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Which combination of notes and rests equal one whole note?
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one quarter note, two eighth notes, one half rest
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In which time signature is there three beats per measure and the half note gets the beat?
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3/2
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Which statement describes a characteristic of plainchant music?
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It was performed without instruments.
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Which person or group brought polyphonic music into the Christian church?
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The Notre Dame School
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Who created a songbook of liturgical melodies and a singing school?
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Pope Gregory
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Which term names the sight-reading system that assigns a name to each musical tone?
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solfege
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Which word identifies music that is written for the church?
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sacred
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Which phrase best describes a motet?
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a composition with original melodies composed to secular texts
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Which term identifies a medieval song that is usually humorous or deals with love?
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madrigal
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Which composer, who wrote mainly secular songs, also composed the Messe de Nostre Dame?
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Guillaume de Machaut
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Which sentence is an accurate description of jongleurs?
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They performed Chansons de Geste
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Which instrument is related to the modern trombone?
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sackbut
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Which change shaped the music of the Renaissance?
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a desire for music to appeal to people on an emotional level
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In which type of composition do different instruments start playing and voices start singing the same musical theme at different times?
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counterpoint
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Which musical technique is common in madrigals, where the sound of the note imitates the meaning of the words?
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word painting
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Who was the composer known for alternating music between two groups of voices or instruments?
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Giovanni Gabrieli
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Michael Praetorius created a new form of music called a chorale concerto. Which musical elements did he combine to create the chorale concerto?
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polychoral music and Protestant hymns
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Which is a type of composition sung by a congregation that repeats the same music for each verse, created by Martin Luther?
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Lutheran chorale
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During the Renaissance, how was the music for each vocal part or instrument section printed?
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separate books
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Which invention dramatically changed how music was created and distributed in the Renaissance?
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printing press
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Who invented the violin?
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Andrea Amati
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For whom is secular music written?
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Public
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What was Hildegard von Bingen, A gifted composer for the middle ages, best known for?
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monophonic melodies
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In which form of music does a soloist sing a traditional Melody while two or three additional singers sing complementary melodies
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Organum
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What does mensuration indicate in early music notation?
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Rhythm
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What are medieval singer songwriters from the south of France called?
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Troubadours
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Which Italian songs are often filled with jokes and puns, and often deal with Love?
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Madrigals
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Which composition can be best described as a mid evil secular composition with original melodies that accompany a tenor line?
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Motet
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Which style is messe de nostre dame by machaut?
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Ars nova
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Which instrument was especially popular with troubadours and jongleurs?
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Lute
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Which phrase best describes a characteristic of the music of the renaissance?
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A desire for sophisticated rhythms and unpredictable melodies
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On which type of music did Michael praetorius base his chorale concerts?
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Protestant hymn
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What did Johahn Gutenberg invent that revolutionized music?
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Printing press
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Which answer identifies a type of composition written by Martin Luther?
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Lutheran chorale
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The instruments of which luthier (violin maker) are consider the finest ever made?
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Antonio Stradivarius
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What does a flat do?
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Lowers a note by a half step
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Between which piano keys are there no black keys?
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E and F
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What is the distance between the notes on the staff? (F# and G)
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Half step
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What is the enharmonic equivalent of B sharp?
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C
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Which scale is constructed by the formula WWhWWWh?
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Major scale
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Which scale is a C major scale?
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None of the answers are correct
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Which type of musical piece describes nature?
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Program music
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According to the doctrine of affections, how many emotions or should a musical piece stimulate in the listener?
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One
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Which technique was used in the baroque period to create contrast by shifting suddenly from loud to soft or soft to loud dynamics?
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Terraced dynamics
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Which answer best describes a typical formal structure for a baroque solo concerto?
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Three movements following the pattern fast, slow, fast
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In which type of composition does the soloist or small group of instruments interact with a large orchestral group?
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Concerto
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Which answer best describes the form of the sonata?
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Composition for least one solo instrument, one of which is usually a keyboard, it usually has 3 to 4 movements and, unlike the concerto, does not include orchestral accompaniment
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What distinguishes chamber music from orchestral music?
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Chamber music is written for a small group of instruments, well orchestral music is written for a large group of instruments
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What is a basso continuo?
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An independent baseline continuing throughout a piece used to accompany a melodic line
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Which instruments were popular during the baroque period?
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Viola de gamba, harpsichord, recorder
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Which answer is an example of sacred vocal music in the baroque period
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Oratorio
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Which type of musical composition best describes each season in Vivaldi's four seasons?
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Violin concerto
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In the opening movement of Vivaldi's spring what technique does he use to introduce contrast?
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Terraced dynamics
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Which baroque element does Vivaldi use to embellish the Melody's in spring? This element is easily heard in the bird song theme in spring.
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Ornamentation
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Which answer best describes a typical formal structure for a baroque solo Concerto demonstrated by the second movement of Vivaldi's spring?
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Three movements following the fast slow fast
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Which term is used for the recurring theme in the first movement of Vivaldi's spring
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Ritornello
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Bach was a master of which form?
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Fugue
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Bach's Brandenburg Concerti is an example of which style?
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Concerto grosso
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Which pieces of Baroque music are the most similar in their form?
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Bach's Brandenburg concerti and Vivaldi four seasons
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Which type of sacred music that Handel write following the decline of the opera?
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Oratorios
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Which forms found in baroque suites did Handel employ in his water music?
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Dance
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How many different notes are there in the chromatic scale?
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12
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What raises a note by one half step?
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sharp
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What lowers a note by one half step?
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flat
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What is the term for the distance between any two notes in music?
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interval
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What is the smallest interval in tonal music?
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half step
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What is the enharmonic equivalent of G sharp?
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A flat
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What is the distance between F and G?
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whole step
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What is the formula for constructing a major scale?
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W W h, W W W h
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What is the formula for constructing a natural minor scale?
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W h W, W h W W
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Which scale is an E flat major scale?
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Eb, F, G, Ab, Bb, C, D, Eb
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For whom is secular music written?
answer
public
question
What was Hildegard von Bingen, a gifted composer during the middle ages, best known for?
answer
monophonic melidies
question
In which form of music does a soloist sing a traditional melody while two or three additional singers sing complimentary melodies?
answer
organum
question
What does mensuration indicate in early music notation?
answer
rhythm
question
What are medieval singer-songwriters from the south of France called?
answer
troubadors
question
Which Italian songs are often filled with jokes and puns, and often deal with love?
answer
madrigals
question
Which composition can best be described as a medieval secular composition with original melodies that accompany a tenor line?
answer
motet
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Which style is Messe de Nostre Dame by de Machaut?
answer
Ars Nova
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Which instrument was especially popular with troubadours and jongleurs?
answer
lute
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Which phrase best describes an opera?
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a production that integrates music, dance, sets, and costumes to enhance the telling of a story
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Which component of an opera is the text of the story?
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libretto
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Which phrase best describes an aria?
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a solo voice piece in an opera with a strong melody
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Which musical element would help move the opera along?
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recitative
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Which style of opera best describes Mozart's The Marriage of Figaro?
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opera buffa
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Which phrase best describes opera seria?
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a serious or tragic opera where arias and recitatives alternated in predictable ways
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How does Mozart show the queen's rising fury in the Queen of the Night's aria from The Magic Flute?
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The notes of the aria rise in pitch as the queen gets more excited and angry.
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Which phrase best describes a recitative?
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a style of singing that closely resembles speech
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Which type of opera was created by Richard Wagner and has continuous music throughout with a primary goal of symbolizing the drama?
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music drama
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Which style of music composition in opera came about during the 20th century?
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Minimalism
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Which term describes the use of embellishments to decorate Baroque music?
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ornamentation
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Why was the basso continuo important in Baroque music?
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it accompanied the melody line while filling in the harmony
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Which term names a musical composition for a concertino and ripieno
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concerto grosso
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Which instrumental music consists of a set of dances in a particular order?
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suite
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What distinguishes chamber music from orchestral music?
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in chamber music there is usually one player per part and in orchestral music there may be many people playing the same part
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What stringed instrument was unique to the Baroque period but fell out of favor later on?
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viola de gamba
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Which compositions are both forms of sacred music?
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oratorio and cantata
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Which structure is typical for a Baroque solo concerto and is demonstrated by the second movement of Vivaldi's "Spring"?
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three movements following the fast-slow-fast
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Which important group of keyboard pieces did Bach write to help increase the skill level of his students?
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The Well-Tempered Clavier
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Which composer devoted 35 years to composing and directing opera before beginning to write oratorios when the English public began to tire of opera?
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Handel
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Which term names a production that integrates music, dance, sets, and costumes to enhance the telling of the story?
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opera
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Which phrase best describes an aria?
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A solo voice peace in an opera with a strong melody line
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What is a singspiel?
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German opera that has speaking roles in stead of recitatives
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How does Mozart show the queens rising fury in queen of the night aria from the magic flute?
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The notes of the aria rise in pitch as the queen gets more angry
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When was grand Opera the most popular
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Nineteenth century
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Which style of musical composition an opera came about during the 20th century
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Minimalism
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What does a key signature tell a musician
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What notes should be sharp or flat throughout a song
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What is the name of the key signature with B-flat E flat and a flat
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E flat major
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What is the name of the key signature with F sharp in C-sharp
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B minor
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What is the graphic diagram that shows all major and minor keys called
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Circle of fifths
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Is this statement true or false? Classic music is primarily polyphonic
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False
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Which kind of harmony did classical period composers prefer
answer
Tonic dominant tonic, I-V-I
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Which statement best describes homophonic textures in music
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One melody line with a simple accompaniment
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What type of phrasing was favored in classical music
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Short symmetrical phrases
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Which popular orchestra form was hadyn instrumental in creating
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Symphony
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What is the form for a classical symphony
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Sonata - slower - minuet or scherzo - ronda or sonata
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Is this statement true or false? The order of the sonata form is exposition - development - recapitulation
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True
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Which 18th century piece is meant as light entertainment
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Divertimento
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What statement best describes a cadenza
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An opportunity for a soloist to display his or her virtuosity while the orchestra pauses
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Which classical ideal is embodied in the theme of Hadyns surprise symphony
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Balance
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What is one way that hadyn creates variation in his theme for his surprise symphony
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Changes in dynamics
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Which composer most influence Mozart's music
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Hadyn
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Which statement best summarizes Mozart's life
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He was a child prodigy who grew up to be famous, but despite is genius, a penny less, composer
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What was the last musical work Mozart composed in his lifetime
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Requiem
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With the exception of the third movement in Mozart symphony number 40 the minuet in what form where the other movements of the symphony written
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Sonata
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To which period is Beethoven considered a bridge composer to
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Romantic
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In what section of Beethoven's pathetique sonata does he introduced his first and second themes
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Exposition
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Beethoven's first Symphony symphony number nine was the first symphony to ever use what
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Chorus and solists
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In contrast to composers who worked under the patronage system in the service of nobility or religious institutions what did composers like Beethoven rely on to make a living
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Patrons and commissions
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Which string instrument is usually not found in an orchestra
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Bass guitar
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What are the four families of the orchestra
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Woodwinds, strings, Brass, percussion
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With the exception of the flute, what do woodwind instruments used to create vibrations
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Reed
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Which percussion instrument has definite pitch
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Timpani
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The Baroque Orchestra was comprised primarily of which family of instruments
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String
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Which statement about the classical orchestra is true?
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String instruments were considered the most important
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Which answer list the orchestras according to their size from smallest to largest?
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Baroque, classical, modern, romantic
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Which orchestra saw the addition of the contrabassoon bass clarinet English horn saxophone and piccolo
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Romantic
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In typical romantic orchestra, which groups of instrument set of the front of the orchestra?
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Strings and woodwinds
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Why have modern composers added unique and interesting instruments to the orchestra and combined instruments in different ways
answer
They are interested in tone color
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Which term describes the speed of the beats in a piece of music
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Tempo
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What does the tempo marking andante mean
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At a walking pace
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Which tempo might a funeral march be played at
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Adagio
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What is the function of a Metronome
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To divide a minute evenly into beats
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Is this statement true or false? Every member of a band or orchestra always plays at the same dynamic level
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False
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Which musical perimeter describes changes in volume in a piece of music
answer
Dynamics
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What is the Italian term for a loud volume
answer
Forte
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Which Italian term means to gradually decrease in volume
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Decrescendo
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Which term names notes that are played smoothly with no separation between them
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Legato
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Which kind of harmony of the classical period composers prefer
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Tonic dominant tonic (I-V-I)
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Which classical ideal defined Melody in the classical period
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Idk but not harmony over melody
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What is a large scale work for Orchestra usually in four movement is called
answer
Symphony
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What form does the first movement of a classical symphony usually follow
answer
Sonata
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Is this statement true or false? The order of sonata form is exposition, development, recapitulation
answer
True
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What 18 century music composition was usually written for four solo string instruments
answer
String quartet
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During a cadenza what would the orchestra do all the soloist was displaying his or her virtuosic skills through an extended solo
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Would stop playing
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What classical ideal does the theme of Haydn surprise symphony embody
answer
Balance
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Which statement best describes Mozart's life
answer
He was a child prodigy who grew up famous but poor
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With the exception of the third movement of Mozart symphony number 40, the minuet, in what form are the other movements of the symphony
answer
Sonata
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Between which periods did the music of Beethoven create a bridge
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Classical and romantic
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What famous pianist did Beethoven have in mind when he wrote pathetique sonata
answer
Himself
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Is this statement true or false? During a classic period composers sought a decline in the patronage system
answer
True
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Which string instrument is usually not found in an orchestra
answer
Bass guitar
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Which orchestra traditionally has the largest size
answer
Romantic
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How have modern composers influenced the structure of the orchestra
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Increase the technical demands on the musicians
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Which musical perimeter describes the speed at which a piece of music should be played
answer
Tempo
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What does the tempo Largo mean
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Very slow
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What does a decrescendo tell a performer to do
answer
Gradually get softer
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How did composers during the romantic period Use music
answer
To express emotion and feeling
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Which instrument usually accompanies art songs
answer
Piano
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Which term names a group of songs connected to each other by a common idea emotion or story
answer
Song cycle
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Which instrumental composition is associated with a story poem idea or scene
answer
Program music
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Which phrase best describes a concert overture such as tchaikovsky's Romeo and Juliet
answer
An independent composition in one movement usually in sonata form based on a story
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Which type of music is in Burlioz's symphonie fantastique an example of
answer
Program symphony
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In which work did Berlioz Use the idee fixe as an important composition tool
answer
Symphonie fantastique
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Brahms was known for his interpretations of classical forms and styles updated with romantic harmonies, making him a true successor to which composer
answer
Beethoven
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Which operatic composer wrote about subjects that were passionate interesting to the public and came to symbolize Italian independence
answer
Verdi
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Which term did Wagner are used to describe Absolute oneness of music and drama, bringing poetry, scenics design, staging, action, and music altogether
answer
Gesamtkunstwerk
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Which term names music that incorporates native folk songs, stories, and history?
answer
nationalistic music
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Which person or group of people helped Russian music find an important place in the international music scene?
answer
Russian Five
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Why wasn't Tchaikovsky considered part of the Russian Five
answer
He combined Russian influences with Western Classical tradition
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Is this true or false? Dvorak and Chopin did not typically quote actual folk tunes in their compositions, but rather enriched their music with particular folk qualities?
answer
true
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Which composer celebrated both American and Czech spirits, taking inspiration from native American music and African American spirituals?
answer
Antonin Dvorak
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Which Norwegian composer was inspired by folk tunes and dances from his country
answer
Edvard Grieg
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Which events were often the inspiration for American patriotic songs?
answer
wars
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Who wrote the star-spangled banner?
answer
Francis Scott Key
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Which famous American composer was known as the march king for his more than 100 marches that inspire patriotism?
answer
John Phillip Sousa
question
Which composer felt he should write music that would speak to his fellow americans and incorporated music from around the country, including cowboy tunes, traditional hymns, and square dances in his music?
answer
Aaron copland
question
In 20th century music, what began to happen to the difference between consonant and dissonant chords?
answer
They began to disappear
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Which term names chords that contain tones a half step or whole step apart?
answer
tone clusters
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Which period of music was the most diverse
answer
20th century
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with which kind of music was claude Debussy associated
answer
impressionist
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which term names music with no tonal center
answer
atonal
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what important 20th century theoretical model did Arnold Schoenberg develop
answer
12-tone music
question
in the 12-tone system, what is a tone row composed of
answer
12 notes of the chromatic scale in a specific order
question
how many times can a specific pitch appear in a tone row?
answer
one
question
john cage wrote a type of music that has melodies based on a random set of numbers, for example. which term describes this type of music?
answer
chance music
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edgard varese created one of the first pieces of which type of music?
answer
electronic music
question
where was operatic composer Richard wagner born?
answer
germany
question
what is the name of wagners operatic cycle that takes 18 hours to perform
answer
Der Ring des Niebelungen
question
Wagner outlines his vision of opera as Gesamtkunstwerk. What does that mean?
answer
total artwork
question
where was igor Stravinsky born
answer
russia
question
which stylistic periods did igor Stravinsky go through during his career as a composer
answer
Russian, neoclassical, serial
question
what is the name of Stravinsky's ballet that shocked the audience due to its primitive music paired with modern choreography?
answer
The Rite of Spring
question
Which term names a person who leads the orchestra?
answer
conductor
question
what other role did conductors originally have?
answer
composer
question
which conductor shaped the sound of the Philadelphia orchestra by asking the string players to use his free bowing technique?
answer
leopold stokowski
question
which conductor directed both the metropolitan opera orchestra and the boston symphony during the same time period?
answer
James Levine
question
What did composers during the romantic period use Music to express?
answer
Emotion and feeling
question
Which instrument usually accompanies art songs?
answer
Piano
question
Which term names an instrumental composition associated with story poem idea or scene
answer
Program music
question
Berlioz wrote a detailed story that was to be printed in the program at the symphonie fantastique which type of music is symphonie fantastique
answer
Program symphony
question
Which operatic composer wrote about subjects that were passionate and interesting to the public and came to symbolize Italian independence
answer
Verdi
question
Which composer believe in the absolute oneness of music and drama, bringing poetry, soon it design, staging, action, and music together in what he called gesamtkunstwerk
answer
Wagner
question
What important school of composers did mily balakirev, cesar cui, Alexander Borodin, nikolai rimskyand korsakov, and modest Mussorgsky form
answer
The Russian five
question
Why was Tchaikovsky not considered part of the Russian five
answer
His work combined Russian tradition with western classical tradition
question
Which style of music often includes native folk songs
answer
Nationalistic music
question
Which composer is often grouped with early nationalistic composers because of his affinity for the mazurkas and polonaise, compositions for solo piano written in the style of Polish folk dances
answer
Chopin
question
Which events inspired American patriotic songs
answer
War
question
Which famous American composer was known as the March came for his marches that inspire patriotism
answer
Sousa
question
How does the difference between consonant and dissonant chords change in the 20th century music
answer
They begin to disappear
question
With which type of music is Claude Debussy typically associated
answer
Impressionism
question
In the 12 tone system, what is a tone row composed of
answer
The 12 notes of the chromatic scale in a specific order
question
Edgard varese created one of the first pieces of which type of music
answer
Electronic music
question
Wagner is der Ring des nibelungen comprises how many operas
answer
4
question
Which type of music did Igor Stravinsky use during his Russian period
answer
Russian folk songs
question
Which term is used for a person who leads an Orchestra
answer
Conductor
question
James Levine conducted the metropolitan opera and what orchestra during the same period
answer
Boston symphony orchestra
