MLA, APA, and Chicago heading styles
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Exactly 1 inch on top, bottom, and sides
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MLA margins
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At least one inch on top, bottom, and sides
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APA margins
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At least 1 in. on top, bottom, and sides
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Chicago margins
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Align the paper on the left margin. Do NOT justify the right margin.
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MLA alignment
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Align the paper on the left margin. Do not justify the right margin.
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APA alignment
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Align the paper on the left margin. DO NOT JUSTIFY THE RIGHT MARGIN!
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Chicago alignment
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Double-space everything, including headings, titles, and works cited. Do not put extra spaces between paragraphs or before or after your title.
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MLA spacing
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Double-space the text, indented quotations, and entries in your list of references. Double space everything except special items like equations, tables, and figures.
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APA spacing
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Double-space the text, including any indented quotations. Double-space between endnotes or bibliography entries, but single space within each one.
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Chicago spacing
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IF you are asked to prepare this it will come right after the title page and be numbered as page 2 (etc.) The page is headed "_______" (centered, without quotation marks, after a 1-inch margin), and the ____ itself is double-spaced.
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APA abstract
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At top left corner, place the following (double-spaced): Your name, professor's name, course identification, and the date.
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MLA heading
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Put them one-half inch below the top of the page in the upper right hand corner, with your last name before them. Number all pages with Arabic numerals.
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MLA page numbers
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Put them in the upper right corner. Create a running head no more than 50 characters long by shortening your title. Type it in all uppercase, flush left at the top of the title page. On the rest of your pages, the running head should appear flush left at the top of the page.
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APA page numbers
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Put them in the upper right corner. Use Arabic numerals.
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Chicago page numbers
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Use an easily readable font and size, such as Times New Roman 12pt. Make sure the font you choose is one that makes italics clearly distinguishable from regular text.
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MLA typeface
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Use a serif font large enough to be read easily, such as Times New Roman 12pt.
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APA typeface
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Indent the first lines of paragraphs one half inch (5 spaces). Indent long quotations twice as much- one inch or 10 spaces. Omit quotation marks for indented quotations.
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MLA indentations
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Both the first lines of paragraphs and all lines of an indented quotation should be indented one-half inch, as should the first line of footnotes. Omit quotation marks for intended quotations.
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APA indentations
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Both the first lines of paragraphs and all lines of an indented quotation should be indented one-half inch. Omit quotation marks for indented quotations
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Chicago indentations
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Indent prose quotations longer than 4 lines. Indent verse quotations that include more than three lines. Quotations from drama must be indebted if they involve more than one character.
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MLA when to indent a quotation
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If a quotation has 40 words or more, indent it.
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APA when to indent a quotation
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Consult the MLA handbook if you want to use endnotes or footnotes to provide extra information about content or bibliography.
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MLA footnotes
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Footnotes are used when the writer has obtained permission to reprint copyrighted material. They may also be used to provide extra information. They may be typed at the bottom of each page or on a single sheet of paper. Use superscript Arabic numbers and make them consecutive.
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APA footnotes
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Begin on a new page and enter the heading "Endnotes" just below the top margin. Indent half an inch before inserting the appropriate superscript number. Single space within each endnote, but double-space between endnotes.
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Chicago endnotes
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Begin it on a new page. Center the heading "Works Cited" just below the margin. Within each entry, indent every line but the first.
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MLA works cited
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Begin on a new page. Center the heading "References" just below the top margin. Double space. Indent every line but the first
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APA works cited
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Begin on a new page. Center the heading "Bibliography" just below the top margin
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Chicago works cited
