MIS final #2 – Flashcards
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MIS Infrastructure
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includes the plans for how a firm will build, deploy, use, and share its data, processes, and MIS assets
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A solid MIS infrastructure can...
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1. reduce costs 2. improve productivity 3. optimize business operations 4. generate growth 5. increase profitability
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hardware
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consists of the physical devices associated with a computer system
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software
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the set of instructions the hardware executes to carry out specific tasks
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network
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a communications system created by linking two or more devices and establishing a standard methodology in which they can communicate.
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Most companies use a specific form of network infrastructure called a ____ and ___ ____
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client, server network
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client
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a computer designed to request information from a server
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server
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a computer dedicated to providing information in response to requests.
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What would a web browser be? Client or server?
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Client
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What would a website be? Client or server?
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Server that would respond to the client, or web browser.
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A MIS infrastructure is dynamic or static?
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DYNAMIC! Continually changes
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3 primary areas where enterprise architects focus when maintaining a MIS infrastructure:
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1.Supporting operations: Information MIS infrastructure 2. Support change: Agile MIS Infrastructure 3. Supporting the environment: Sustainable MIS infrastructure
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Supporting Operations (Information MIS)
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identifies where and how important information is maintained and secured. It supports day to day business operations and plans for emergencies (blackouts, floods, earthquakes, security breaches)
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Information Infrastructure provides 3 primary elements
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1. Backup and Recovery plan 2. Disaster recovery plan 3. business continuity plan
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Backup
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An exact copy of a systems information
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recovery
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the ability to get a system up and running in the even of a system crash or failure
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Fault tolerance
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the ability for a system to respond to unexpected failures or system crashes as the backup system immediately and automatically takes over with no loss or service.
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failover
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a specific type of fault tolerance that occurs when a redundant storage server offers an exact replica of the real time data. Users are automatically directed to the secondary or backup server.
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failback
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occurs when the primary machine recovers and resumes operations, taking over from the secondary server.
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Disaster recovery plan can have what effects?
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1. disrupting communications 2. damaging physical infrastructures 3. halting transportation 4. blocking utilities
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Disaster recovery plan
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a detailed process for recovering information or a system in the event of a catastrophic disaster.
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hot site
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is a separate and fully equipped facility where the company can move immediately after a disaster and resume business
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cold site
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is a separate facility that does not have any computer equipment but is a place where employees can move after a disaster.
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warm site
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is a separate facility with computer equipment that requires installation and configuration.
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business continuity plan
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BCP is a plan for how an organization will recover and restore partially or completely interrupted critical functions within a predetermined time after a disaster or extended disruption
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Emergency notification service
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an infrastructure built for notifying people in the event of an emergency
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Agile MIS Infrastructure characteristics
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1. Accessibility 2. Reliability 3. Maintainability 4. Portability 5. Availability 6. Usability 7. Scalability ARM PAUS
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accessibility
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the varying levels that define what a user can access, view, or perform when operating a system.
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availability
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the time frames when the system is operational
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widely held by difficult to achieve standard in availability is .....
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99.999 percent availability
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maintainability
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or flexibility, refers to how quickly a system can transform to support environmental changes
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portability
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the ability of an application to operate on different devices or software platforms
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reliability
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or accuracy, ensues a system is functioning correctly and providing accurate information
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scalability
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how well a system can scale up, or adapt to increased demands of growth
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Scalability PERFORMANCE
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measures how quickly a system performs a process of transaction
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Scalability CAPACITY PLANNING
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determines future environmental infrastructure requirements to ensure high-quality performance
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Usability
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the degree to which a system is easy to learn and efficient and satisfying to use
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Moore's Law
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the computer chip performance per dollar doubles every 18 months.
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Sustainable MIS
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the production, management, use, and disposal of technology in a way that minimizes damage to the environment
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CSR
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Corporate Social Responsibility -- companies acknowledged responsibility to society
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3 primary side effects of businesses' expanded use of technology
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1. Increased electronic waste 2. increased energy consumption 3. increased carbon emissions
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Sustainable MIS disposal
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the safe disposal of MIS assets at the end of their life cycle
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The components of a sustainable MIS infrastructure
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1. Grid computing 2. cloud computing 3. virtualized computing
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Grid computing
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a collection of computers, often geographically dispersed, that are coordinated to solve a common problem. uses less than 25% of computing power, freeing up 75% for other tasks
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smart grid
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delivers electricity using two-way digital technology. Meant to solve the problem of the world's outdated electrical grid.
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cloud computing
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refers to the use of resources and applications hosted remotely on the Internet
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Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
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offers computer hardware and networking equipment on a pay-per-use basis. Ex. Amazon EC2
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Software as a Service (SaaS)
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offers applications on a pay-per-use basis. Ex. Salesforce.com. Tremendous cost savings
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Platform as a Service (PaaS)
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offers hardware, networking, and applications of a pay-per-use basis. Ex. Google application engine
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What does PaaS offer without an upfront investment?
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1. Access to information anywhere and anytime 2. Centralized information management 3. Easy collaboration with partners, suppliers, and customers 4. increased speed to market with significantly less cost 5. increased security
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Virtualizations
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creates multiple virtual machines on a single computing device
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Virtualization benefits in infrastructure
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1. increases availability of applications 2. increases energy efficiency by requiring less hardware to run multiple systems or applications 3. increases hardware usability by running multiple operating systems on a single computer
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Data center
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a facility used to house management information system and associated components, such as telecommunications and storage system
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Sustainable data centers do what?
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1. reduce carbon emissions 2. reduces required floor space 3. consider water and electricity in geographical choice
