question

Andrew Carnegie was a poor immigrant from Scotland to the US who amassed a fortune in what industry?

answer

Steel production

question

During the first 50 years after the Civil War, which of these statements is true about trends in employment practices in the US:

answer

more and more Americans worked not as independent farmers and artisans, but rather as employees of large corporations.

question

"Vertical integration" was a process that companies developed in the US during the Industrial Revolution. TRUE/FALSE: Vertical integration is a model in which a company controls all aspects of production, starting from raw materials and ending with finished goods.

answer

True

question

In an effort to attract a greater number of consumers to purchased manufactured goods, retailers increasingly relied on:

answer

Greater investment in advertising Mail-order catalogs Large department stores

question

Workers holding jobs as professionals working for large corporations were known as:

answer

White-collar workers

question

Frederick W. Taylor refined workplace production standards according to his belief in "scientific management." TRUE/FALSE: "Scientific management" involved an effort to remove all strategizing and other brain work from manual laborers, instead hiring expert managers to organize the production process and convince the manual laborers to follow this process.

answer

True

question

TRUE/FALSE: Because schooling was required of children under age 16 immediately after the Civil War, only a very small percentage (1%-5%) of children under 16 were working outside the home by 1900.

answer

False

question

A majority of assembly line factory jobs that arose after the Civil War were based in the North. TRUE/FALSE: African American men thereby enjoyed equal access to these assembly line jobs as did white American men and immigrants.

answer

False

question

This immigrant group after the Civil War experienced the most discrimination from legal authorities in the US, including the first law passed by Congress in 1882 to limit immigration from this group.

answer

Chinese

question

The National Guard was founded in the 1870s. TRUE/FALSE: It was initially founded not to protect the country from foreign invasion, but rather to keep order at home.

answer

True

question

This is the term used for journalist narratives that composed (often sensational) stories about the corruption and destitution of American cities.

answer

muckraking

question

Jane Addams was a pioneering Progressive who founded Hull House. What was Hull House?

answer

a settlement house

question

The 1911 Triangle Waistshirt Factory fire in New York City killed 149 people. One of the main reasons so many people died was that, TRUE/FALSE, the factory manager had locked the exits in an effort to prevent theft.

answer

True

question

Upton Sinclair was a journalist and social reformer who exposed the working conditions and lack of sanitation standards in meatpacking plants. What was the name of his 1906 book about this issue?

answer

The Jungle

question

This type of music was most popular in urban dancehalls, as they first arose during the industrial era.

answer

ragtime jazz

question

One major change regarding prostitution occurred due to social reformers in the industrial era as covered in this chapter, namely: (TRUE/FALSE) police and vice squads attacked sex workers on the streets and other public places, but left brothels in red light districts largely untouched.

answer

True

question

Efforts to create more parks, inviting and grand architecture, and open spaces for fresh air (such as tree-lined boulevards and public squares) was known as this movement:

answer

City Beautiful

question

This city, developed in part by entrepreneur Henry Huntington, best demonstrated Americans' attraction to single-family homes that were nonetheless accessible (by trolley) to inner cities.

answer

Chicago

question

Today's major bank, Bank of America, was started in San Francisco by Amadeo Giannini. TRUE/FALSE: It began in San Francisco's Italian immigrant neighborhood, and was first known as the Banca d'Italia.

answer

True

question

New York City's famous Coney Island was famous for being one of the country's most prominent:

answer

Amusement parks

question

Compared to today's America, in terms of amount of alcohol consumed per person, TRUE/FALSE, consumption of alcohol in early America (colonial times to the 1830s) was less than today.

answer

False

question

This was the name of the organization that Frances Willard helped found and then ran soon after until her death

answer

Women's Christian Temperance Movement

question

This organization would encourage African American voting participation in the South, even paying the poll tax for poorer African Americans to allow them to vote.

answer

United States Brewers' Association

question

Frances Willard was the head of the Women's Christian Temperance Movement from 1879 until her death. In characterizing her own political philosophy, she characterized herself as, TRUE/FALSE, a "Christian socialist."

answer

True

question

Carrie Nation was a prohibitionist who took to using a hatchet to destroy saloons. In what state, according to the book, did she vandalize her first drinking establishment?

answer

Kansas

question

This was the term used to designate those who opposed prohibition, especially the politicians looking to keep alcohol legal.

answer

Wet

question

As noted in Smack, this city became the main distribution point for the heroin trade in the early 1900s.

answer

New York City

question

One of the first laws restricting liquor sales in New York State was the Raines Law, which prohibited liquor sales on Sundays. But it provided a loophole designed to allow wealthier people to keep drinking on Sundays. The loophole was:

answer

exempt hotel restaurants that served alcohol from closing on Sundays

question

Many companies started to support prohibition after states passed a key piece of progressive legislation: worker's compensation laws (laws that forced companies to pay for healthcare when their workers had an accident at work). (T/F)

answer

True

question

Adolphus Busch played a key role in establishing this organization

answer

United States Brewers' Association

question

The Progressive Era is defined as a period of agitation and innovation. The book identifies four main goals of political reformers which included all of the following except:

answer

keeping the US dollar on the gold standard

question

In 1880, 1884, and 1888 records were set in voter turnout. In each of these presidential races, [True or False] the victorious candidate won both the electoral vote and the popular vote?

answer

False

question

The first "Red Scare" in the United States, which occurred in response to worker's strikes, was encouraged by a middle class fear that workers would embrace which political ideology?

answer

socialism

question

During the 1890s African American voter turnout plunged from above 70 percent to 34 percent, or lower in some regions of the south. This drop in voter turnout occurred in large part because of which factor(s)?

answer

poll taxes and literacy tests

question

Ida B. Wells began her national campaign against lynching when three of her neighbors in Memphis were lynched by white mobs. [True or False] These men were murdered by the crowds because they had raped a white woman.

answer

False

question

Though both major parties increased restrictions on who could vote after the 1900 election, the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913 increased voter power by what method?

answer

providing that US senators be elected by popular vote

question

The Supreme Court decision in Muller v. Oregon was one of the first in which the Court found states' restrictions on the length of the work day (designed to protect workers) to be constitutionally permissible. Which group of workers were covered under the decision?

answer

women

question

Theodore Roosevelt's reforms as president included:

answer

supporting antitrust legislation

question

W.E.B. DuBois and William Monroe Trotter, in 1905, organized a meeting at Niagara Falls which laid out the following principles which guided the 20th century African American Civil Rights movement:

answer

equal opportunity in education, jobs, health care, and military service an end to segregation full voting rights for African Americans

question

Woodrow Wilson's progressive income tax differed from the earlier flat tax in that the amount of taxes paid by an individual [True/False] increased toward the top of the income scale?

answer

True

question

In order to pave the way for Prohibition, the anti-alcohol crusaders first had to help pass a new law that did this:

answer

established the federal income tax

question

The main anti-alcohol group that succeeded in getting Congress and state legislatures to pass Prohibition was called:

answer

Anti-Saloon League

question

Which organization published this sentiment against women's suffrage: "God pity our country when the handshake of the politician is more gratifying to woman's heart than the patter of children's feet."?

answer

United States Brewers' Association

question

The Whiskey Rebellion of 1794 began because (TRUE/FALSE) the federal government tried to outlaw alcohol altogether.

answer

False

question

Influential Prohibitionist Wayne Wheeler succeeded in defining an "intoxicating liquor" in a very strict way in the legislation governing Prohibition. According to the legislation, any substance with more than 0.5% alcohol was illegal. Which of these items was technically over this limit:

answer

German chocolate cake hard cider Sauerkraut

question

What was the name of the legislation that Congress passed in order to govern how Prohibition would be enforced?

answer

Volstead Act

question

(TRUE/FALSE) Rural citizens were permitted under the legislation that enforced Prohibition to ferment alcoholic beverages from the fruit they grew on their farms.

answer

True

question

The legislation passed to enforce Prohibition (TRUE/FALSE) added an exemption from the ban on alcohol for Jewish congregations and the Catholic Church, so these groups could continue to use wine for religious purposes.

answer

True

question

A "wet-dry" is a term for a politician or regular citizen who (TRUE/FALSE) supported Prohibition, even though he personally consumed alcohol.

answer

True

question

In what key way did America's entry into World War I influence the campaign to pass Prohibition?

answer

it invigorated the "drys," by increasing the amount of anti-German propaganda in the US

question

What role did media magnate William Randolph Hearst play in the War of 1898?

answer

he used his newspapers to spread pro-war fervor

question

The expansion of American global influence in Asia, the Pacific, the Caribbean, and Latin America did NOT rest upon which one of the following ideas:

answer

racial superiority

question

Inhabitants of the Philippines, ceded to the US in 1898, (TRUE/FALSE) were granted U.S. citizenship.

answer

False

question

This President interpreted the Monroe Doctrine to incorporate the claim that the US should carry a "big stick" in the Western Hemisphere, including the right to intervene militarily to promote American economic and strategic interests.

answer

Theodore Roosevelt

question

The World War I period witnessed a large amount of American soldiers' casualties. Deaths on the battlefield certainly accounted for it. Another deadly reason was____:

answer

influenza pandemic

question

What was the name of Woodrow Wilson's program that he used to guide peace negotiations after World War I?

answer

Fourteen Points

question

With many men in uniform and more economic opportunities created during the WWI, Americans migrated for heavy industrial jobs. The Great Migration was part of this mass movement. It describes:

answer

African Americans migrating to Northern cities

question

Many women took jobs in factories during World War I to make up for the enlistment of men in the armed forces. According to federal regulations put in place for war-related industries, (TRUE/FALSE) these women were paid equal wages to men in the same jobs.

answer

True

question

U.S. involvement in WWI did not have unanimous support from the American public. (TRUE/FALSE) In order to promote national unity, the government adopted measures to suppress dissent and propagate pro-war sentiment; civil liberties and free speech were not protected.

answer

True

question

What was the guiding principle of Woodrow Wilson's blueprint for international relations after WWI?

answer

peace based on moral values

question

In the post-WWII period, smugglers imported most heroin into the United States through which city?

answer

New York

question

Heroin smuggled into the US in the 1940s and 1950s tended to be grown in Turkey, then refined and exported by the mafia from this European port:

answer

Marseille, France

question

While white working class people comprised the largest number of heroin users in the 1920s, this group made up most users immediately after World War II:

answer

white suburban housewives

question

Schneider writes that "drug culture is rooted in the physical spaces that sustain it and allow it to flourish and continue over time." What is an aspect of the post-war years that he believes allowed drug culture to take root?

answer

the prevalence of jazz bars

question

The Marijuana Tax Act of 1937 had which of the following effect[s]?

answer

placed a tax on all marijuana transactions

question

This jazz performer, also known as "Bird", started their jazz career--and their heroin habit in Kansas City, before becoming a national celebrity.

answer

Charlie Parker

question

52nd Street in the Times Square area of New York City became center of jazz life in the city after World War II. [True/False] Even so, the clubs on 52nd Street were still not racially integrated at that time; performers tended to African American, but the audience had to be white.

answer

False

question

Heroin became associated with a specific type of music in the post-war era, because of their shared connotation as being "anti-square" or an oppositional subculture. This type of music was known as what?

answer

Bebop

question

A major reason[s] for increased drug use among American youth proposed by Schneider is?

answer

they wanted to emulate popular musicians who were drug users to rebel against the "square" culture

question

Which of the following vices does the author not connect to the culture surrounding jazz music?

answer

gambling

question

"Regulatory" liberals (liberals who embraced the New Deal) redefined classical liberalism, by stressing that to protect the freedom, opportunity, and economic rights of individuals, the federal government should ___?

answer

be strong

question

Herbert Hoover's popularity plunged when he called out the army to disperse the protestors of the Bonus Army in 1932. Who were the members of this group and what was the demand of the Bonus Army?

answer

unemployed World War I veterans who wanted to be paid their pensions

question

Which of the following is a program introduced by President Herbert Hoover, not by Roosevelt as part of the New Deal?

answer

Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC)

question

What economic reforms did Roosevelt make to boost the economy?

answer

created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation to insure deposits moved the U.S. Treasury off the Gold Standard

question

Conservative critics of the New Deal, working with the Liberty League and National Association of Manufacturers, believed that Roosevelt's policies would [True/False] hurt the ability of businesses to engage in free enterprise.

answer

True

question

During the mid-1930s Roosevelt moved further to the left, enacting what has been called the "Second New Deal". Unlike early policies which focused on economic recovery, the Second New Deal emphasized what?

answer

providing a safety net for the old, disabled, and unemployed

question

The final draft of the Social Security Act of 1935 provided all of the following provisions except:

answer

national health insurance

question

Which is NOT a belief advocated by John Maynard Keynes during the 1930s?

answer

capitalist governments should adopt laissez-faire policies

question

African Americans had voted Republican since Abraham Lincoln secured for them the right to vote. [True/False] In 1936, in large part because of aid provided by New Deal work projects, a majority of African Americans voted for the Democrat, Franklin D. Roosevelt.

answer

True

question

Who was Huey Long?

answer

a governor, then senator, from Louisiana who wanted the New Deal to be more progressive

question

A court in 1930 sentenced Etta Mae Miller to prison for the rest of her life because of her selling two pints of liquor to an undercover cop. This excessive enforcement of Prohibition was a consequence of:

answer

The Jones Law

question

What law was Al Capone convicted of violating that led to his imprisonment in 1931?

answer

Income tax evasion

question

Once he entered office as President, Herbert Hoover advocated (TRUE/FALSE) the end of prosecutions under the Volstead Act.

answer

False

question

To avoid complications due to the continued domination of state legislatures by rural minorities, a group of wets successfully proposed that ratification of the Twenty-First Amendment take place by (TRUE/FALSE) selected state legislatures.

answer

False

question

During the Depression, gangster Al Capone (TRUE/FALSE) opened a soup kitchen in Chicago to feed the hungry.

answer

True

question

According to author Daniel Okrent, Joseph Kennedy (father of President John F. Kennedy) (TRUE/FALSE) took part in illegal bootlegging during Prohibition.

answer

False

question

Pierre du Pont's support for Association Against the Prohibition Amendment was motivated by the expectation that making alcohol taxable will facilitate a cut in income tax. (TRUE/FALSE) Franklin Roosevelt's ascendancy to presidency, as du Pont wished, lowered the income tax for the wealthy.

answer

True

question

After the repeal of Prohibition, some ex-booleggers used their earnings to (TRUE/FALSE) invest in making Las Vegas a center of gambling and tourism.

answer

True

question

The Export Act of 1930 forbade Canadians from shipping alcohol to countries that banned their sale. Nevertheless, Canadian liquor could make a pit stop on this island before heading to a U.S. port. What is this island and which country does it belong to?

answer

St. Pierre, France

question

Although formerly service as the Justice Department's leading investigator of Prohibition-related crimes, this person later served as a lawyer and inadvertently secured for a client a $20 million loan from the Federal Farm Board for their home wine-making business:

answer

Andrew Mellon

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