question

streptococcus

answer

g + coccus

question

staphlococcus

answer

g + coccus

question

corynebacterium

answer

g + rod

question

listeria

answer

g + rod

question

erysipelothrix

answer

g + rod

question

bacillus

answer

g + sporulating rod

question

clostridum

answer

g + sporulating rod

question

bacillus vs. clostridium: aerobe, anaerobe...?

answer

bacillus: obligate aerobe
clostridium: obligate anaerobe

question

neisseria

answer

g - coccus

question

spirillum

answer

g - nonenteric

question

3 proks that are obligate intracellular parasites

answer

rickettsia
coxiella
chlamydia

question

proks without a cell wall

answer

mycoplasma
ureaplasma

question

do acid fast bacteria have an outer cell membrane?

answer

no

question

in proks, _ serves a function similar to that of glycogen in euks

answer

poly alpha-hydroxy-butyrate

question

extensions of prokaryotic membrane are aka _

answer

mesosomes

question

cell wall synthesis proteins may be found where?

answer

cytoplasmic membrane

question

cell wall is present in all bacteria except _ which includes ...

answer

mollicutes (which include mycoplasma and ureaplasma)

question

3 kinds of cells without cell walls

answer

spheroplasts (g-) protoplasts (g+) L-forms

question

L-forms are bactera without cell walls produced _ _ by action of _

answer

in vivo
antibiotics

question

crosslinkage of peptidoglycan's tetrapeptides is done by enzymes called _ which are the drug target of _

answer

transpeptidases
beta-lactams e.g. PCN

question

lysoszyme disrupts _ linkages

answer

polysaccharide

question

peptidoglycan structure _ & _ in repeating chains, with _ crosslinkages

answer

n-acetyl muraminic acid NAM
n-acetyl glucosamine NAG
tetrapeptide

question

the outer membrane of g-'s has two Lipo-compounds, one facing out, the other facing in

answer

lipopolysaccharide
lipoprotein

question

endotoxins vs. exotoxins and heat

answer

heat-stable
heat-labile

question

lipopolysaccharide is aka _ and includes 3 components

answer

endotoxin
lipid A
core polysaccharide
O antigen

question

porins are found where?

answer

outer membrane

question

lipoprotein of g- does what?

answer

links outer membrane to peptidoglycan layer

question

between outer and cytoplasmic membranes is the _ _

answer

periplasmic space

question

_ _ anchors g+ cell wall to cytoplasmic membrane

answer

lipoteichoic acid

question

acid fast bacteria 2 details about their cell envelope

answer

thick peptidoglycan layer
which contains mycolic acids

question

acid fast bacteria include (4)

answer

mycobacteria (e.g. m. tuberculosis and m. leprae)
some actinomycetes

question

_ have substances in their cell wall that allow them to survive and grow within macrophages for years

answer

Mycobacteria

question

for bacteria to move forward, their flagella rotate _

answer

counterclockwise

question

pili are aka _

answer

fimbriae

question

pili are useful as sex pili, or else for _ (e.g. in _ & _)

answer

adherence
neisseria gonorrhoeae
e coli

question

bacteria with a capsule are protected from phagocytosis and in order for it to occur you need _ which _ it

answer

antibodies
opsonize

question

encapsulated bacteria examples: 2 with a polysaccharide capsule, 2 with a polypeptide capsule

answer

streptococcus pneumoniae, klebsiella pneumoniae

bacillus anthracis, yersinia pestis

question

hyaluronidase is notably produced by _ _

answer

staph aureus

question

endospores are only produced by ~

answer

g+ rods of bacillus and clostridium

question

diseases associated with endospores

answer

anthrax, tetanus, gas gangrene, botulism

question

sporulation involves 4 changes

answer

cortex around DNA
drying to <20% water content
accumulation of calcium and dipicolinic acid

question

pasteurella

answer

g - nonenteric rod

question

brucella

answer

g - nonenteric rod

question

yersinia

answer

g - nonenteric rod

question

francisella

answer

g - nonenteric rod

question

haemophilus

answer

g - nonenteric rod

question

bordatella

answer

g - nonenteric rod

question

legionella

answer

g - nonenteric rod

question

pseudomonas

answer

g - enteric rod
obligate aerobe

question

bacteriodes

answer

g - enteric rod
obligate anaerobe

question

fusobacterium

answer

g - enteric rod
obligate anaerobe

question

mycoplasma

answer

g - enteric rod
obligate anaerobe

question

e coli

answer