Mgt268 Chapter 5 – Flashcards
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MIS infrastructure
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includes the plans for how a firm will build, deploy, use, and share its data, processes, and MIS assets
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hardware
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the physical devices associated with a computer system,
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software
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the set of instructions the hardware executes to carry out specific tasks
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network
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a communications system created by linking two or more devices and establishing a standard methodology in which they can communicate
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client
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a computer designed to request information from a server
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server
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a computer dedicated to providing information in response to requests
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enterprise architect
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a person grounded in technology, fluent in business, and able to provide the important bridge between MIS and the business
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Information MIS infrastructure
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identifies where and how important information, such as customer records, is maintained and secured Backup, Recovery, Disaster Recovery, Business Continuity Planning
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Agile MIS Infrastructure
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includes the hardware, software, and telecommunications equipment that, when combined, provides the underlying foundation to support the organization's goals Accessibility, Availability, Maintainability, Portability, Reliability, Scalability, Usability
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Sustainable MIS infrastructure
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identifies ways that a company can grow in terms of computing resources while simultaneously becoming less dependent on hardware and energy consumption Grid Computing, Cloud Computing, Virtualization
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backup
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an exact copy of a system's information
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recovery
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the ability to get a system up and running in the event of a system crash or failure that includes restoring the information backup
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fault tolerance
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the ability for a system to respond to unexpected failures or system crashes as the backup system immediately and automatically takes over with no loss of service
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failover
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a specific type of fault tolerance, occurs when a redundant storage server offers an exact replica of the real-time data, and if the primary server crashes, the users are automatically directed to the secondary server or backup server
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failback
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occurs when the primary machine recovers and resumes operations, taking over from the secondary server
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disaster recovery plan
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a detailed process for recovering information or a system in the event of a catastrophic disaster
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hot site
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a separate and fully equipped facility where the company can move immediately after a disaster and resume business
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cold site
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a separate facility that does not have any computer equipment but is a place where employees can move after a disaster
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warm site
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a separate facility with computer equipment that requires installation and configuration
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disaster recovery cost curve
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charts 1) the costs to the company of the unavailability of information and technology and 2)the cost to the company of recovering from a disaster over time
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emergency
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a sudden, unexpected event requiring immediate action due to potential threat to health and safety, the environment, or property
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emergency preparedness
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ensures a company is ready to respond to an emergency in an organized, timely, and effective manner
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business continuity planning (BCP)
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details how a company recovers and restores critical business operations and systems after a disaster or extended disruption
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business impact analysis
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identifies all critical business functions and the effect that a specific disaster may have upon them
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emergency notification service
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an infrastructure built for notifying people in the event of an ermergency
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technology failure
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occurs when the ability of a company to operate is impaired because of a hardware, software, or data outage
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incidents
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unplanned interruption of a service
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incident record
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contains all of the details of an incident
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incident management
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the process responsible for managing how incidents are identified and corrected
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technology recovery strategies
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focus specifically on prioritizing the order for restoring hardware, software, and data across the organization that best meets business recovery requirements
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accessibility
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the varying levels that define what a user can access, view, or perform when operating a system
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administrator accesss
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unrestricted access to the entire system
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web accessibility
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means that people with disabilities, including visual, auditory, physical, speech, cognitive, and neurological disabilities can use the Web
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web accessibility initiative (WAI)
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brings together people from industry, disability organizations, government, and research labs from around the world to develop guidelines and resources to help make the web accessible to people with disabilities
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availiability
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the time frames when the system is operational
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unavailable
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it is not operating and cannot be used
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high availiability
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occurs when a system is continuously operational at all times
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maintainability
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refers to how quickly a system can transform to support environmental changes
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portability
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the ability of an application to operate on different devices or software platforms, such as different operating systems
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reliability
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ensures a system is functioning correctly and providing accurate information
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vulnerability
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a system weakness, such as a password that is never changed or a system left on while an employee goes to lunch, that can be exploited by a threat
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scalability
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describes how well a system can scale up, or adapt to the increased demands of growth
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performance
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measures how quickly a system performs a process or transaction
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capacity
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represents the maximum throughput a system can deliver; for example, the capacity of a hard drive represents its size or volume
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capacity planning
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determines future environmental infrastructure requirements to ensure high-quality system performance
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usability
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the degree to which a system is easy to learn and efficient and satisfying to use
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serviceability
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how quickly a third party can change a system to ensure it meets user needs and the terms of any contracts, including agreed levels of reliability, maintainability, or availability
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Moore;s Law
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refers to the computer chip performance per dollar doubles every 18 months
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sustainable or green MIS
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describes the production, management, use, and disposal of technology in a way that minimizes damage to the environment
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corporate social responsibility
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companies's acknowledged responsibility to society
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ewaste
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refers to discarded, obsolete, or broken electronic devices
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sustainable MIS disposal
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refers to the safe disposal of MIS assets at the end of their life cycle
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energy consumption
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the amount of energy consumed by business processes and systems
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carbon emissions
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includes the carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide in the atmosphere, produced by business processes and systems
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grid computing
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a collection of computers, often geographically dispersed, that are coordinated to solve a common problem
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smart grid
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delivers electricity using two-way digital technology
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virtualization
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creates multiple "virtual" machines on a single computing device
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data center
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a facility used to house management information systems and associated components, such as telecommunications and storage systems
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cloud computing
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a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction
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multi-tenancy
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means that a single instance of a system serves multiple customers
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single-tenancy
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each customer or tenant must purchase and maintain an individual system
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cloud fabric
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the software that makes possible the benefits of cloud computing, such as multi-tenancy
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cloud fabric controller
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an individual who monitors and provisions cloud resources, similar to a server administrator at an individual company
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utility computing
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offers a pay-per-use revenue model similar to a metered service such as gas or electricity
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infrastructure as a Service
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delivers hardware networking capabilities, including the use of servers, networking, and storage, over the cloud using a pay-per-use revenue model
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dynamic scaling
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means the MIS infrastructure can be automatically scaled up or down based on needed requirements
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Software as a Service
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delivers applications over the cloud using a pay-per-use revenue model
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Platform as a Service
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supports the deployment of entire systems including hardware, networking, and applications using a pay-per-use revenue model
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public cloud
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promotes massive, global, and industrywide applications offered to the general public
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private cloud
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serves only one customer or organization and can be located on the customer's premises or off the customer's premises
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community cloud
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serves a specific community with common business models, security requirements, and compliance considerations
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hybrid cloud
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includes two or more private, public, or community clouds, but each cloud remains separate and is only linked by technology that enables data and application portability
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cloud bursting
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when a company uses its own computing infrastructure for normal usage and accesses the cloud when it needs to scale for peak load requirements, ensuring a sudden spike in usage does not result in poor performance or system crashes
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Sustainable MIS is a critical part of _____________within a company. Company Standard for the green initiative Social expectations Corporate social responsibility Society concerns
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Corporate social responsibility
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What is the primary reason a company has a failover system? To use different systems continuously at the same time To allow employees to work virtually To take down the primary system for maintenance, while the secondary system activates to ensure continuous operations All of these
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To take down the primary system for maintenance, while the secondary system activates to ensure continuous operations
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What question below would a company need to answer when first establishing a backup and recovery plan? What types of storage mechanism will meet the needs of the company? How often does the company need to backup its information? What types of recovery systems does the company infrastructure need? All of these
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All of these
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Enterprise architects require _____________ access so they can perform such functions as resetting passwords or deleting accounts. Restricted access Functional access Administrator access Infrastructure access
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Administrator access
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Which characteristics support an agile MIS infrastructure? Accessibility, availability, maintainability, portability, reliability, scalability, usability Backup and recovery plan, disaster recovery plan, business continuity plan Grid computing, cloud computing, and virtualization All of these
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Accessibility, availability, maintainability, portability, reliability, scalability, usability
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Why is estimating future growth a challenge for most companies? Growth can occur because the company acquires new markets Growth can occur because the company acquires new customers Growth can occur because the company acquires new products All of these
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All of these
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Apple understood the importance of usability when it designed its _________. Fault tolerance system iPod and iTunes system Antivirus software PowerPoint software
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iPod and iTunes system
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What is a widely held but difficult to achieve standard of availability for a system? The "five's accessibility" code "Five 10s" availability "Five 9s" availability "1%" minimum availability
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"Five 9s" availability
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What is a sudden, unexpected event requiring immediate action due to potential threat to health and safety, the environment, or property? Technology failure Emergency Business Impact analysis Emergency preparedness
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Emergency
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What is a challenge for cloud computing that could cause employee performance to decrease? Decreased job stability Decreased dynamic scaling Required Internet connectivity Limited Internet features
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Required Internet connectivity
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Which of the below offers a low-speed and low-cost backup method? DVD Thumb drive External hard drive All of these
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All of these
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Which characteristics support an information MIS infrastructure? Accessibility, availability, maintainability, portability, reliability, scalability, usability Backup and recovery plan, disaster recovery plan, business continuity plan Grid computing, cloud computing, and virtualization All of these
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Backup and recovery plan, disaster recovery plan, business continuity plan
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What are the three cloud computing service delivery models? Intuit as a Service, Storage as a Service, Programming as a Service Independent as a Service, Supportive as a Service, Partnering as a Service Innovation as a Service, Server as a Service, Platform as a Service Infrastructure as a Service, Software as a Service, Platform as a Service
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Infrastructure as a Service, Software as a Service, Platform as a Service
