question

Which of the following refers to the code of moral principles and values that govern behaviors with respect to what is right and wrong? a. Social responsibility b. Free domain c. Ethics d. Codified law e. Discretionary responsibility

answer

c

question

An organization's decision to produce a new product is in the a. domain of codified law. b. domain of free choice. c. domain of ethics. d. domain of compensatory justice. e. domain of social responsibility.

answer

b

question

A new drug has not been approved by the FDA to sell in the U.S. because further testing is needed. The company has a chance to sell its product in another country immediately to start recovering the costs of R ; D and production three years ahead of time. This example places the decision in which of the categories from the text? a. The ethical domain b. The domain of free choice c. The legal domain d. The obstructive category e. The protective domain

answer

a

question

Which of the following is a(n) is the individual who must make an ethical choice in an organization? a. The symbolic leader b. An obstructive manager c. The defensive individual d. The moral agent e. An authoritarian manager

answer

d

question

Sharon is a manager at Softest Tissue Corporation. She is faced with an interesting problem. One of her employees has been cheating the company out of expense money. Sharon must decide whether or not to fire this employee. In this role, Sharon is acting as a. a moral agent. b. an ethical theorist. c. a symbolic leader. d. an authoritarian leader. e. an obstructive manager.

answer

a

question

The assumption that "If it's not illegal, it must be ethical," ignores which of the following? a. Domain of codified law b. Domain of ethics c. Domain of free choice d. Discretionary responsibility e. Domain of symbolism

answer

b

question

A situation that arises when all alternative choices or behaviors have been deemed undesirable because of the potentially negative ethical consequences, making it difficult to distinguish right from wrong, is considered a. a moral agent. b. a social responsibility. c. an ethical dilemma. d. an ethical standard. e. discretionary responsibility.

answer

c

question

A normative approach to ethical decision making a. reduces ethical dilemmas to easy-to-understand formulas. b. uses various approaches to describe guiding values for decisions. c. states that everyone must use their employer's value system at work. d. dictates only one way to choose to resolve dilemmas. e. none of these.

answer

b

question

Which approach is the ethical concept that moral behaviors produce the greatest good for the greatest number? a. Defensive b. Justice c. Utilitarian d. Individualism e. Moral-rights

answer

c

question

Robbie's Robots decided to continue operations at one plant while shutting down another. The decision was justified on the basis of what was best for the total corporation. This is an example of the a. utilitarian approach. b. individualism approach. c. moral-justice approach. d. justice approach. e. illegal approach.

answer

a

question

Caleb is a manager at Computer-Care Company. He is expected to consider the effort of each decision alternative on all parties and select the one that optimizes the satisfaction for the greatest number of people. This is an example of the a. utilitarian approach. b. individualism approach. c. moral-justice approach. d. justice approach. e. soft-line managerial approach.

answer

a

question

Which ethical approach are companies citing to justify their policing of employee's personal habits on and off the job, such as alcohol and tobacco consumption? a. Justice approach b. Utilitarian approach c. Individualism approach d. Moral-justice approach e. Discretionary responsibility

answer

b

question

The ____ ethic was the basis for the state of Oregon's decision to extend Medicaid to 400,000 previously ineligible recipients by refusing to pay for high-cost, high-risk procedures. a. justice b. moral-rights c. obstructive d. individualism e. utilitarian

answer

e

question

When everyone is pursuing self-direction, the greater good is ultimately served because people learn to accommodate each other in their own long-term interest is an example of ____. a. utilitarian approach b. individualism approach c. moral-justice approach d. justice approach e. social responsibility

answer

b

question

Which of the following is NOT a normative ethics approach? a. Utilitarian approach b. Individualism approach c. Social responsibility approach d. Moral-rights approach e. All of these are normative approaches as described in the text.

answer

c

question

The golden rule "do unto others as they would do unto you" is a. an example of the utilitarian approach to ethical behavior. b. representative of the moral-justice approach to moral decision making. c. an example of the values that guide the individualism approach to ethical behavior. d. silly and outdated. e. an example of the justice approach to ethical behavior.

answer

c

question

Human beings have fundamental rights and liberties that cannot be taken away by another individual's decision. This ethical decision making approach is known as the a. utilitarian approach. b. individualism approach. c. moral-rights approach. d. dualism approach. e. None of these.

answer

c

question

The ____ refers to the ethical concept that moral decisions are those that best maintain the rights of those people affected by them. a. individualism approach b. justice approach c. utilitarian approach d. moral-rights approach e. discretionary responsibility approach

answer

d

question

Which of the following is NOT one of the moral rights that could be considered during decision-making? a. The right to free consent b. The right to invade privacy c. The right to free speech d. The right of freedom of conscience e. The right to life and safety

answer

b

question

____ refers to the concept that different treatment of people should not be based on arbitrary characteristics. a. Procedural justice b. Compensatory justice c. Distributive justice d. Organizational justice e. Moral-justice

answer

c

question

Individualism is most closely related to a. social responsibility. b. free choice. c. economic responsibility. d. codified law. e. togetherness.

answer

b

question

____ to ethical decision-making is consistent with due process, free consent, privacy, freedom of conscience and free speech. a. Moral-rights approach b. Individualism approach c. Utilitarian approach d. Justice approach e. Dual-economic approach

answer

a

question

Sexual harassment is unethical because it violates an important part of which approach to ethical behavior? a. The utilitarian approach b. The individualism approach c. The justice approach d. The moral-rights approach e. The defensive approach

answer

d

question

The ethical decision approach that requires persons to be guided by standards of equity, fairness and impartiality is the a. moral-rights approach. b. individualism approach. c. utilitarian approach. d. justice approach. e. discretionary responsibility.

answer

d

question

The moral rights approach that deals with performing experimental treatment on unconscience trauma patient is the a. right of free consent. b. right to privacy. c. right of freedom of conscience. d. right of free speech. e. right of due process.

answer

a

question

Which of the following is not a concern to managers under the justice approach? a. Compensatory justice b. Distributive justice c. Procedural justice d. Obstructive justice e. All of these

answer

d

question

Disk Replacement Services has just completed a procedure manual to handle employee grievances. One of the main criteria is to make it clear to employees that rules will be administered fairly and consistently. Disk Replacement operates on a. the procedural justice approach. b. the utilitarian approach. c. the individual approach. d. the defensive approach. e. the free-choice approach.

answer

a

question

Which of these refers to procedural justice? a. The concept that different treatment of people should not be based on arbitrary characteristics b. The concept that rules should be clearly stated and consistently and impartially enforced c. The concept that individuals should be compensated for the cost of their injuries by the party responsible d. The concept that people should be treated differently e. None of these

answer

b

question

The concept that the party responsible should compensate individuals for the cost of their injuries is referred to as a. distributive justice. b. injury justice. c. procedural justice. d. organizational justice. e. compensatory justice.

answer

e

question

The thinking underlying the domain of ____ is the closest to the justice approach. a. social responsibility b. free choice c. law d. discretionary responsibility e. ethics

answer

c

question

Most of the laws guiding human resource management are based on the a. utilitarian approach. b. moral-rights approach. c. individualism approach. d. justice approach. e. collectivism approach.

answer

d

question

____ is NOT included in the model of personal moral development described in your text. a. Preconventional level b. Conventional level c. Principled level d. Postconventional level e. All of these are included in the model

answer

e

question

In what stage of personal moral development is a person mostly concerned with external rewards and personal consequences of an action? a. Preconventional b. Conventional c. Principled d. Discretionary e. None of these

answer

a

question

Most people have learned to conform to expectations of good behavior expected by colleagues, family, friends, and society. They are in what stage of moral development? a. Preconventional b. Conventional c. Discretionary d. Principled e. Traditional

answer

b

question

Which of these best illustrates the preconventional stage of moral development? a. Everybody else is doing it, so it must be okay. b. What would my boss think if I did this? c. I know this is not right, and I will not do it, even if everyone else is. d. What am I going to get from making this decision? e. All of these

answer

d

question

The conventional stage of moral development is best described by which of the following statements? a. I won't do that because the boss will be upset with me. b. Everybody else is doing it, so it must be okay. c. I know this is not right, and I will not do it, even if everyone else is. d. What am I going to get from making this decision? e. All of these

answer

b

question

The ____ leadership style matches with the preconventional level of personal moral development. a. autocratic b. team oriented c. servant leadership d. guiding/encouraging e. transforming

answer

a

question

____ matches with the preconventional level of personal moral development. a. Work group collaboration b. Task accomplishment c. Empowered employees d. Full participation e. Transforming

answer

b

question

Which of these employee behaviors matches with the conventional level of personal moral development? a. Task accomplishment b. Empowered employees c. Work group collaboration d. Full participation e. Act in own interest

answer

c

question

Which of the following stages is the stage of personal moral development in which an individual develops an internal set of standards and values? a. Preconventional b. Conventional c. Principled d. Discretionary e. Social

answer

c

question

People making decisions based on an internal set of beliefs that has more meaning to them than the expectations of others a. are in the preconventional level of moral development. b. are in the conventional level of moral development. c. are in the principled level of moral development. d. do not care what people think of them. e. none of these.

answer

c

question

____ matches with the postconventional level of personal moral development. a. Team oriented b. Autocratic c. Guiding/encouraging d. Coercive e. Servant leadership

answer

e

question

Which of these employee behaviors matches with the postconventional level of personal moral development? a. Empowered employees, full participation b. Task accomplishment c. Act in own interest d. Work group collaboration e. Autocratic

answer

a

question

The great majority of managers operate at the a. preconventional level. b. principled level. c. conventional level. d. postconventional level. e. autocratic level.

answer

c

question

Only about ____ percent of American adults reach the level-three stage of moral development. a. two b. four c. eleven d. fifteen e. twenty

answer

e

question

Regarding the levels of personal moral development, the majority of managers operate at the ____ level. a. preconventional b. autocratic c. postconventional d. conventional e. transformative

answer

d

question

MANAGER'S SHOPTALK in Chapter 5 suggests all of the following when challenging the boss on ethical issues EXCEPT: a. do your research b. begin the meeting by taking the floor c. pay attention to your word choice and demeanor d. take care how you suggest your alternative solution e. be patient

answer

b

question

The obligation of organization management to make decisions and take actions that will enhance the welfare and interests of society as well as the organization is referred to as a. organizational responsibility. b. social responsibility. c. discretionary responsibility. d. economic responsibility. e. none of these.

answer

b

question

Which of these is true about the policy a bank adopts toward its investing of depositor's money? a. It is an expression of its philosophy of social responsibility. b. It is important only to the community. c. It has no ethical implications. d. It would represent its personal state of moral development. e. All of these.

answer

a

question

Any group within or outside the organization that has a stake in the organization's performance is called a. a supplier. b. an international customer. c. a stakeholder. d. OPEC. e. a trade association.

answer

c

question

Primary stakeholders of an organization include a. employees. b. customers. c. investors and shareholders. d. suppliers. e. all of these.

answer

e

question

All of the following are examples of special interest groups EXCEPT a. professional associations. b. trade associations. c. political action committees. d. courts. e. consumerists.

answer

d

question

What type of a stakeholder would a nature conservation group be for a paper manufacturing company? a. Supplier b. Competitor c. Employee d. Special interest group e. None of these

answer

d

question

With a philosophy of ____, managers weave environmental and social concerns into every strategic decision, revise policies and procedures to support these efforts and goals. a. sustainability b. conservation c. ethics d. preservation e. human concerns

answer

a

question

____ is economic development that generates wealth and meets the needs of their current generation while focusing on future generations. a. Ethical management b. Activist strategy c. Sustainability d. Market strategy e. Future management

answer

c

question

Which of the following concepts argues that organizations can find innovative ways to create wealth at the same time they are preserving natural resources? a. Preservation b. Conservation c. Environmentalism d. Protectionism e. Sustainability

answer

e

question

According to the book's model for judging corporate social performance, social responsibility is divided into what into four sections? a. Ethical, legal, technical, and rational b. Mandatory, technical, discretionary, and economic c. Legal, mandatory, economic, and ethical d. Discretionary, legal, economic, and ethical e. None of these

answer

d

question

____ is considered a decision that enables an individual or company to benefit at society's expense. a. A legal behavior b. An unethical behavior c. An economic responsibility d. A discretionary responsibility e. A responsible behavior

answer

b

question

____ includes behavior that is not always written down and may actually not serve an organization's bottom-line. a. Legal responsibility b. Economic responsibility c. Ethical responsibility d. Discretionary responsibility e. None of these

answer

c

question

With respect to appropriate corporate behavior, what society deems ____ as important. a. ethical responsibility b. discretionary responsibility c. economic responsibility d. legal responsibility e. moral responsibility

answer

d

question

Which of the following responsibilities is purely voluntary and is guided by a company's desire to make social contributions not mandated by economics, law, or ethics? a. Ethical b. Economic c. Legal d. Discretionary e. Stakeholder

answer

d

question

____ is the responsibility that goes beyond societal expectations to contribute to the community welfare. a. Ethical responsibility b. Discretionary responsibility c. Economic responsibility d. Legal responsibility e. Technical responsibility

answer

b

question

____ means that managers are honest and trustworthy, fair in their dealings with employees and customers, and behave ethically in both their personal and professional lives. a. Ethical leadership b. Followership c. Corporate espionage d. Command-and-control approach e. Concern for production leadership

answer

a

question

A code of ____ is a formal statement of the company's values concerning ethics and social issues. a. integrity b. trust c. citizenship d. ethics e. honesty

answer

d

question

Statements that define fundamental values and reference organizational responsibilities, products and employees are often called ____. a. principle-based b. policy-based c. ethically-based d. codified e. codes of organizational integrity

answer

a

question

An example of an ethical structure is a. chief ethics officer. b. a formal statement of company values. c. an equal opportunity policy. d. whistle-blowing. e. corporate speech.

answer

a

question

When an official is given the responsibility of overseeing all aspects of ethics and legal compliance. S/he is referred to as a. a whistle-blower. b. a chief ethics officer. c. vice-president of human resource management. d. a yes-man. e. a political play.

answer

b

question

Which of these is the disclosure by an employee of an illegal activity? a. Tattling b. Whistle-blowing c. Organizational communication d. The filing of a disclosure statement e. Snooping

answer

b

question

____ is not part of the structures and systems pillar of an ethical organization. a. Corporate culture b. Code of ethics c. Ethics committee d. Whistle-blowing mechanisms e. Rewarding ethical behavior

answer

e

question

The relationship between social responsibility and financial performance has been shown to be ____. a. non-existent b. positive c. negative d. not important e. a reflection of top leadership

answer

b

question

Anne Chinoda, top executive at Florida Blood Centers, is under pressure to resign because she took a $71,000 pay increase just months before she laid off 42 employees. Chinoda's decision lies in the a. domain of codified law b. domain of free choice c. domain of ethics d. domain of social responsibility e. none of these

answer

c

question

A recent poll found that ________ percent of people surveyed say corporate America's moral compass is pointing in the wrong direction a. 10 b. 29 c. 52 d. 76 e. 98

answer

d

question

When the USS Indianapolis sank after being torpedoed, one Navy pilot disobeyed orders and risked is life to save men who were being picked off by land sharks. The Navy pilot was operating from the ________ level of moral development a. preconventional b. conventional c. postconventional d. lowest e. conservative

answer

c

question

The profit-maximizing view of economic responsibility is advocated by ________. a. milton friedman b. arthur anderson c. donald trump d. warren buffett e. steve jobs

answer

a

question

Of the following, which may whistle-blowers suffer? a. job loss b. ostracism by coworkers c. transfer to lower-level position d. hostile work environment e. all of the above

answer

e

question

Examples of unethical behavior toward ________ include a hostile work environment and violations of health and safety rules a. customers b. financiers c. society d. suppliers e. employees

answer

e

question

The decision by ABC International to downsize and reduce its labor force is in the a. domain of codified law b. domain of free choice c. domain of ethics d. social responsibility e. none of these

answer

b

question

legal choices by government, based on the human culture of what's right, and free choice is not governed only opinionated.

answer

How are laws, ethics, and free choice different

question

utilitarian, individualism, moral rights approach, and justice approach.

answer

List/discuss* 4 different approaches to ethical decision-making.

question

pre conventional: follows rules to avoid punishment. Acts in own interest. Obedience for its own sake., conventional: lives up to expectations of others. Fulfills duties and obligations of social system, upholds laws., post conventional: follows self-chosen principles of justice and right. Aware that people hold different values and seeks creative solutions to ethical dilemmas. Balances concern for individual with concern for common good.

answer

Describe the 3 levels of personal moral development. List examples of leadership styles and employee behaviors for each.

question

organizational stakeholders, the green movement,

answer

List the 3 major goals of sustainable development

question

management's obligation to make choices and take actions that will contribute to the welfare and interests of society as well as the organization.

answer

What is corporate social responsibility?

question

A company executive who oversees ethics and legal compliance.

answer

chief ethics officer

question

A formal statement of the organization's values regarding ethics and social issues.

answer

code of ethics

question

The concept that individuals should be compensated for the cost of their injuries by the party responsible and also that individuals should not be held responsible for matters over which they have no control.

answer

compensatory justice

question

The obligation of organization management to make decisions and take actions that will enhance the welfare and interests of society as well as the organization.

answer

corporate social responsibility

question

Organizational responsibility that is voluntary and guided by the organization's desire to make social contributions not mandated by economics, law, or ethics.

answer

discretionary responsibility

question

The concept that different treatment of people should not be based on arbitrary characteristics. In the case of substantive differences, people should be treated differently in proportion to the differences among them.

answer

distributive justice

question

A situation that arises when all alternative choices or behaviors are deemed undesirable because of potentially negative consequences, making it difficult to distinguish right from wrong.

answer

ethical dilemma

question

The code of moral principles and values that governs the behaviors of a person or group with respect to what is right or wrong.

answer

ethics

question

A group of executives assigned to oversee the organization's ethics by ruling on questionable issues and disciplining violators.

answer

ethics committee

question

Training programs to help employees deal with ethical questions and values.

answer

ethics training

question

The ethical concept that acts are moral when they promote the individual's best long-term interests.

answer

individualism approach

question

The ethical concept that moral decisions must be based on standards of equity, fairness, and impartiality.

answer

justice approach

question

The ethical concept that moral decisions are those that best maintain the rights of those people affected by them.

answer

moral-rights approach

question

The ethical concept which sidesteps debates about what is right, good, or just, and bases decisions on prevailing standards of the profession and the larger society, taking the interests of all stakeholders into account.

answer

practical approach

question

The ethical concept that rules should be clearly stated and consistently and impartially enforced.

answer

procedural justice

question

Any group within or outside the organization that has a stake in the organization's performance.

answer

stakeholder

question

Economic development that generates wealth and meets the needs of the current population while preserving the environment for the needs of future generations.

answer

sustainability

question

The ethical concept that moral behaviors produce the greatest good for the greatest number.

answer

utilitarian approach

question

The ethical concept that says moral behavior stems from personal virtues. If a manager develops good character traits and learns to overcome negative traits, he or she will make ethical decisions based on personal virtue.

answer

virtue ethics approach

question

The disclosure by an employee of illegal, immoral, or illegitimate practices by the organization.

answer

whistle-blowing

question

Discretionary responsibility, ethical responsibility, legal responsibility, economic responsibility

answer

Describe the organization's 4 primary criteria for total corporate social responsibility.

question

code of ethics, ethical structures, whistle-blowing

answer

Describe 3 primary mechanisms to manage company ethics and social responsibility.

question

set of morals that define right and wrong

answer

Ethics

question

Unethical behavior that violates company norms about right and wrong

answer

Workplace deviance

question

Computer fraud , Vandalizing company property, Sabotaging company projects, Faking injuries to get insurance money, Taking "sick days" when not sick

answer

examples of workplace deviance

question

Production, Property, Political, Personal

answer

TYPES OF WORKPLACE DEVIANCE

question

Unethical behavior that hurts quality and quantity of work

answer

Production Deviance

question

Using one's influence to harm others kin the company

answer

Political Deviance

question

Hostile or aggressive behavior towards others

answer

Personal Aggression

question

Unethical behavior aimed at property or products Sabotaging Equipment, Stealing, Lying about hours worked

answer

Property Deviance

question

Leaving early, Excessive breaks, wasting resources

answer

Examples of Production Deviance

question

Favoritism, Gossiping about Coworkers, Blaming coworkers

answer

Examples of Political Deviance

question

Sexual harassment, verbal abuse, stealing from coworkers

answer

Examples of Personal Aggression

question

Sabotaging Equipment, Stealing, Lying about hours worked

answer

Examples of Property Deviance

question

A business's obligation to pursue policies, make decisions, and take actions that benefit society.

answer

Social Responsibility

question

Give back Offer free outdoor concerts Recycle Produce "green" products

answer

Examples of Social responsibility

question

Follow laws. Example, Employee Safety

answer

Legal Responsibility

question

Follow principles of right/wrong. Example, News corporation shut down News of the World

answer

Ethical Responsibility

question

Fulfill social roles. Example, Hurricane Sandy

answer

Discretionary Responsibility

question

Make a profit because Companies that don't make a profit, come under pressure. Example, JCP CEO fired after 1 year

answer

Economic Responsibility

question

It doesn't guarantee business's success but it wont make a business less profitable.

answer

Does it financially pay off for a business to be socially responsible?

question

Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats.

answer

What does each letter in SWOT stand for?`

question

It creates a strategy to improve, Identify current growth and problems, etc

answer

Why do companies use SWOT analysis?

question

Set of morals that define right and wrong

answer

Ethics

question

Person who alerts authorities when something unethical is happening

answer

Whistleblower

question

Your personal Level of Honorable Growth

answer

Moral Development

question

Ethics training, ethics test.

answer

2 Steps managers can take to increase ethical decision making at an organization?

question

Punish For unethical Behavior and encourage companies to discourage crime

answer

U.S. commission Guidelines

question

Selfish reasons, Advance own wants and needs, Conform to society's ways, Follow the law, For society's Benefit, For your own personal benefit

answer

Factors to determine level of offense?

question

Ethics

answer

Code of moral principles and values that govern the behaviors of a person or group with respect to what is right or wrong

question

Three categories of human behavior

answer

1) Codified law (Legal standard) 2) Domain of Ethics (Social Standards) 3) Domain of Free Choice (Personal Standards)

question

Four types of ethical manager behavior

answer

1) Shows kindness and compassion 2) Honest and Integrity 3) Communicates and enforces ethical standards through behavior 4) Is fair in decisions and distribution of rewards

question

True or false: There is generally a positive relationship between ethical and socially responsible behavior and a firm's financial performance

answer

true

question

Utilitarian Approach

answer

Moral behavior produces the greatest good for the greatest number

question

Individualism Approach

answer

Acts are moral when the promote the individual's best long-term interests. In theory, with everyone pursuing self-direction, the greater good is ultimately served b/c people learn to accommodate each other

question

Why isn't the individualism approach popular in today's society?

answer

It is misinterpreted to support immediate self-gain

question

Moral-Rights Approach

answer

An ethical decision is the one that best maintains the rights of those affected by it.

question

Justice Approach

answer

Moral decisions must be based on standards of equity, fairness, and impartiality.

question

Three types of justice

answer

1) Distributive justice: different treatment of people should not be based on arbitrary characteristics. ex: men & women with unequal pay 2) Procedural: Rules must be administered fairly. Clearly stated, consistently and impartially enforced 3) Compensatory: Individuals should be compensated for the cost of their injuries by the party responsible

question

Practical Approach

answer

Sidesteps what is right, good, or just and bases decisions on prevailing standards of the profession and the larger society, taking the interests of all stakeholders into account.

question

Which approach combines elements of three other approaches?

answer

practical approach

question

Stages of Moral Development

answer

1) Preconventional: Follows rules to avoid punishment. self-interest 2) Conventional: Fulfills duties and obligations of social system, upholds laws 3) Postconventional: Follows self-chosen principles of justice, internal values

question

True or false: 40% of American adults reach the postconventional stage of moral development

answer

False; 20 %

question

Corporate Social Responsibility

answer

Management's obligation to make choices and take actions that will contribute to the welfare and interests of society, not just the organization. Hard to define

question

Stakeholder

answer

Group or person within or outside the organization that has some type of investment or interest in the organization's performance and is affected by the organization's actions.

question

Stakeholder Mapping

answer

Providing a systematic way to identify the expectations, needs, importance, and relative power of various stakeholders, which may change over time

question

Examples of stakeholders

answer

customers, regulatory authorities, stockholders, employees, suppliers, gov, special interest groups, partners, human rights organizations, trade unions, creditors, nongov organizations, communities

question

Sustainability

answer

Economic development that generates wealth and meets the needs of the current generation while preserving the environment and society so that future generations can meet their needs as well.

question

Triple Bottom Line

answer

Measuring a company's social performance, its environmental performance, and its financial performance. Sometimes called the three P's

question

4 layers of corporate social responsibility

answer

1) Economic; be profitable. 2) Legal; don't break law 3) Ethical; self-explanatory 4) Discretionary; voluntary, guided by company's desire to make social contributions not mandated by the other layers.

question

Profit-maximizing view

answer

Economic responsibility carried to the extreme; sole mission to increase profits so long as it stays within the rules of the game

question

Organizational Virtuousness

answer

Organization pursues a positive human impact, moral goodness, and unconditional society betterment for its own sake.

question

Ways that managers can support and create an ethical organization

answer

Ethical leadership, codes of ethics, ethics committees. chief ethics officer, ethics hotlines, ethics training, support for whistle-blowers

question

two types of code of ethics

answer

definition: formal statement of a company's values concerning ethics and social issues Two types: principle-based and policy-based

question

Principle-based code of ethics

answer

Designed to affect corp. culture. Define values and general language about responsibilities, treatment of employees, etc

question

Policy-based code of ethics

answer

Outline the procedures to be used in specific ethical situations.

question

True or false: general statements of principle are often called corporate credos

answer

True

question

is the code of moral principles and values that governs the behaviors of a person or group with respect to what is right or wrong

answer

Ethics

question

is a situation in which all alternatives choices or behaviors have potentially negative consequences. right or wrong cannot be clearly distinguished

answer

ethical dilemma

question

ethical decision making says that the ethical choice is the one that produces the greatest good for the greatest number

answer

utilitarian approach

question

suggest that actions are ethical when they promote the individual's best long term interests, because with everyone pursuing self interest, the greater good is ultimately served

answer

individualism approach

question

holds that ethical decisions are those that best maintain the fundamental rights of the people affected by them

answer

moral rights approach

question

says that ethical decisions must be based on standards of equity, fairness, and impartiality

answer

justice approach

question

requires that different treatment of individuals not be based on arbitrary characteristics

answer

distributive approach

question

holds that rules should be clearly stated and consistently and impartially enforced

answer

procedural justice

question

argues that individuals should be compensated for the cost of their injuries by the party responsible, and individuals should not be held responsible for matters over which they have no control

answer

compensatory justice

question

sidesteps debates about what is right, good, or just, and bases decisions on prevailing standards of the profession and the larger, society, taking the interests of all stakeholders into account

answer

practical approach

question

refers to the obligation of organizational managers to make choices and take actions that will enhance the welfare and interests of society, as well as the organization

answer

corporate social responsibility

question

refers to any group or person within or outside the organization that has some type of investment or interest in the organization's performance

answer

stakeholder

question

provides a systematic way to identify the expectations needs, importance, and relative power of various stakeholders

answer

stakeholder mapping

question

refers to economic development that generates wealth and meets the needs of the current population while preserving society and the environment for the needs of future generations

answer

sustainability

question

companies that embrace sustainability measure performance in terms of financial performance, social performance, and environmental performance

answer

triple bottom line

question

is purely voluntary and is guided by the organization's desire to make social contributions not mandated by economics, laws, or ethics

answer

discretionary responsibility

question

is a formal statement of the organization's values regarding ethics and social issues

answer

code of ethics

question

is a group of executives(and sometimes lower-level employees as well) with overseeing company ethics by ruling questionable issues and disciplining violators

answer

ethics committee

question

a manager who oversees all aspects of ethics and legal compliance

answer

chief ethics officer

question

the disclosure by employees of unethical, illegitimate, or illegal practices of the organization.

answer

whistle blowing

question

refers to the obligation of organizational managers to make choices and take actions that will enhance the welfare and interests of society, as well as the organization.

answer

corporate social responsibility (CSR)

question

refers to any group or person within or outside the organization that has some type of investment or interest in the organizations performance.

answer

stakeholder

question

shareholders, employees, customers, and suppliers.

answer

primary stakeholders

question

government, the community, and special interest groups.

answer

other stakeholders

question

provides a systematic way to identify the expectations, needs, importance, and relative power of various stakeholders.

answer

stakeholder mapping

question

a special interest group of particular importance today.

answer

green movement

question

refers to economic development that generates wealth and meets the needs of the current population while preserving society and the environment for the needs of future generations.

answer

sustainability

question

companies that embrace sustainability measure performance in terms of financial performance, social performance, and environmental performance.

answer

triple bottom line

question

found that 90 percent of Americans agree that there are important "green" issues and problems, and 82 percent think that businesses should implement environmentally friendly practice.

answer

survey

question

uses four criteria: economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary.

answer

evaluating company's social performance

question

companies may get into trouble when they use economic criteria as their only measure of responsibility.

answer

profit-maximizing view

question

purely voluntary and is guided by the organization's desire to make social contributions not mandated by economics, laws, or ethics. Corporations that sent generous donations to Japan following the devastating earthquake and tsunami.

answer

Discretionary responsibility

question

means that managers are honest and trustworthy, fair in their dealings with employees and customers, and behave ethically in both their personal and professional lives.

answer

Ethical leadership

question

a formal statement of the company's values concerning ethics and social issues; it communicates to employees what the company stands for. Codes of ethics tend to exist in two types: principle-based statements and policy-based statements.

answer

code of ethics

question

are designed to affect corporate culture; they define fundamental values and contain general language about company responsibilities, quality of products, and treatment of employees.

answer

principle-based statements

question

generally outline the procedures to be used in specific ethical situations, which include marketing practices, conflicts of interest, observance of laws, proprietary information, political gifts, and equal opportunities.

answer

policy-based statements

question

general statements of principle that guide making decisions that honor the company's responsibilities to employees, customers, the community, and stockholders. Google's code of conduct.

answer

corporate credos

question

represent the various systems, positions, and programs that a company can undertake to encourage and support ethical behavior.

answer

ethical structures

question

group of executives (and sometimes lower-level employees) appointed to oversee the company ethics. The committee provides rulings on questionable ethical issues and assumes responsibility for disciplining wrongdoers.

answer

ethics committee

question

a company executive who oversees all aspects of ethics and legal compliance, including establishing and broadly communicating standards, ethics training, dealing with exceptions or problems, and advising senior managers in the ethical and compliance aspects of decisions.

answer

chief ethics officer

question

employee disclosure of illegal, unethical, or illegitimate practices on the employer's part.

answer

whistle-blowing

question

code of moral principles and value about what is right or wrong

answer

ethics

question

situation in which all choices have negative consequences; cannot tell what is right or wrong

answer

ethical dilemma

question

5 Ethical Decision Approaches

answer

utilitarian, individualism, moral rights, justice, and practical approach

question

the ethical choice is the one that produces the greatest good for the greatest number

answer

utilitarian approach

question

actions are ethical when they promote the individual's best long term interests, because when everyone else does that, the greater good is achieved

answer

individualism approach

question

ethical decisions are those that maintains the fundamental rights of the people affected by them

answer

moral rights approach

question

ethical decisions must be based on equality, freedom, and impartiality

answer

justice approach

question

3 Types of justice approaches

answer

distributive, procedural, and compensatory justice

question

different treatments of individuals should not be based on arbitrary characteristics (Ex: Men and women should not have different salaries)

answer

distributive justice

question

rules should be clearly stated and enforced

answer

procedural justice

question

people should be compensated for the cost of their injuries by who is responsible and people should not be responsible for matters outside of their control

answer

compensatory justice

question

sidesteps debates about good or bad and bases decisions on standards of the profession and society taking the interests of the stakeholders into account

answer

practical approach

question

3 Levels of Personal Moral Development

answer

Level 1: Preconventional, Level 2: Conventional, Level 3: Postconventional

question

acts on self interest to achieve rewards and avoid punishment; task accomplishment; autocratic/coersive

answer

Level 1: Preconventional

question

acts on societal expectations; for the group

answer

Level 2: Conventional

question

guided by their own internal values which are more important than societal expectations; transforming/servant leadership

answer

Level 3: Postconventional

question

obligation of managers to make choices and actions that will enhance the welfare and interests of the org and society

answer

corporate social responsibility

question

any group or person outside of the org that has some sort of investment or interest in the org's performance

answer

stakeholder

question

provides a systematic way to identify the expectations, needs, importance, and relative power of various stakeholders

answer

stakeholder mapping

question

the economic development that generates wealth anf meets the needs of the current population while preserving society and the environment for the needs of future generations

answer

sustainability

question

companies that embrace sustainability and measure their performance in terms of finance, social and environmental performance

answer

triple bottom line

question

4 Criteria of Corporate Social Importance

answer

1. Economic Responsibility - Be profitable 2. Legal Responsibility - obey the law 3. Ethical Responsibility - Be ethical. Do what is right. Avoid harm. 4. Discretionary Responsibility - Contribute to the community, be a good corporate citizen

question

voluntary and is guided by the org/s desire to make social contributions that are not mandated by anything

answer

discretionary responsibility

question

a formal statement of the org's values regarding ethics and social issues

answer

code of ethics

question

2 types of code of ethics

answer

principle and policy based statements

question

designed to affect corporate culture

answer

Principle based statements

question

generally outline the procedures to be used in specific ethical situations

answer

Policy based statements

question

general statements of principles

answer

Corporate credos

question

group of executives (or sometimes lower level employees) charged with overseeing company ethics by ruling on issues and disciplining violators

answer

ethics committee

question

a manager who oversees all aspects of ethics and legal compliance

answer

chief ethics officer

question

the disclosure by employees of unethical, illegitimate, or illegal practices by the organization

answer

whistle blowing

Mgt & Org Behavior: Chapter 5

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