Meiosis Vs Mitosis Test Questions – Flashcards
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processes occurs in eukaryotic organisms that only reproduce asexually
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mitosis
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a key event during the S phase of the cell cycle?
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The genetic material is duplicated.
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The cytoplasm is divided into two daughter cells during
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cytokinesis.
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Which event occurs during prophase in mitosis?
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Nuclear envelope disappears
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The spread of cancer cells beyond their original tumor site is called .
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d. metastasis
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The products of meiosis from one parent cell are
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c. four haploid cells.
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7. How many possible chromosome combinations are there for the gametes of an organism with a haploid number equal to 4?
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2^4 = 16
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Describe two ways in which asexual and sexual reproduction differ.
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Asexual reproduction requires only one individual organism and uses mitosis. Sexual reproduction involves meiosis and two parents
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Relate cell reproduction to the replacement of skin cells.
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Mitosis must occur rapidly to fill the space that was occupied by the now missing skin cells.
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How is cell division involved in growth?
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Growth requires mitosis to produce new cells.
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Name the stages of the Cell Cycle.
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IPMATC
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Interphase used to be described as a "resting phase". Why is this description inaccurate?
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Much happens during this phase.
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Summarize the events that occur during mitosis and cytokinesis.
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Nuclear division and cytoplasmic division
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Describe a significant event that occurs in each of the four stages of mitosis.
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P - nuclear membrane break down M - chromosomes line up A - Chromatids split at the centromere by spindles from the centrioles T - nuclear membrane reforms
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List two differences between benign and tumors and malignant tumors.
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Benign may not spread and is more likely treatable by removal. Malignant tumors may metastasize and require more aggressive treatment
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How might drugs that interfere with mitosis be effective in treating cancer?
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Cancer is excessive cell growth - limiting cell reproduction can hinder cancer growth
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How is cancer related to cell reproduction?
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Cancer forms when cells undergo mitosis more quickly
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Describe how homologous chromosomes are different from sister chromatids.
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Homologous chromosomes carry the same genes on them. The number of homologous chromosomes pairs is called the haploid number of a cell. Sister chromatids are connected by a centromere and comprise a chromosome.
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Compare the number of sets of chromosomes in human gametes with the number of sets in other cells in the body.
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Gametes are haploid; all other cells are diploid
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How does meiosis I reduce the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells?
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By separating homologous chromosomes from each other
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By separating homologous chromosomes from each other
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Four haploid gametes
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Describe how crossing over during meiosis in an individual organism recombines the genetic material of the organism's two parents.
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Crossing over allows for an exchange of genetic material between the homologous chromosomes, which were each derived from each of the parents
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Describe two differences between meiosis and mitosis
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Mitosis is a method of cellular reproduction that results in identical diploid cells. Meiosis is the process that produces gametes in sexually reproducing organisms
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cross over
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exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes
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interphase
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stage of the cell cycle in which a cell carries out its metabolic processes
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cell plate
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disk containing cell wall material
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benign tumor
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abnormal mass of eeesentially normal cells
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karyotype
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display of the chromosomes in a cell
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chromatin
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long, thin fibers of genetic material
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cytokinesis
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process by which the cytoplasm is divided in two
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sexual reproduction
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type of reproduction in which two parents are involved in the production of offspring
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metastasis
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spread of cancer cells beyond hier original site
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mitotic phase
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stage in the cell cycle when the cell is actually dividing
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malignant tumor
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mass of cells that results from the reproduction of cancer cells
