Medieval Europe Test Review – Flashcards
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Feudalism
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A political and social system that developed during the Middle Ages; nobles offered protection and land in return for service
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Crusades
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A series of holy wars from 1096-1270 AD undertaken by European Christians to free the Holy Land from Muslim rule.
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Chivalry
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Code of conduct for knights during the Middle Ages.
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Black Death
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A deadly plague that swept through Europe between 1347 and 1351.
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Manorialism
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Economic system during the Middle Ages that revolved around self-sufficient farming estates where lords and peasants shared the land.
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Pope Urban II
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Leader of the Roman Catholic Church who asked European Christians to take up arms against Muslims, starting the Crusades.
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Charlemagne
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800 AD crowned by the Pope as the head of the Holy Roman Empire, which extended from northern Spain to western Germany and northern Italy. His palace was at Aachen in central Europe.
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Bushido
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The Feudal Japanese code of honor among the warrior class.
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Caste System
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A Hindu social class system that controlled every aspect of daily life
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Mansa Musa
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Emperor of the kingdom of Mali in Africa. He made a famous pilgrimage to Mecca and established trade routes to the Middle East.
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Muslim
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A follower of Islam
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Byzantine Empire
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(330-1453) The eastern half of the Roman Empire, which survived after the fall of the Western Empire at the end of the 5th century C.E. Its capital was Constantinople, named after the Emperor Constantine.
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Constantinople
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A large and wealthy city that was the imperial capital of the Byzantine empire and later the Ottoman empire, now known as Istanbul.
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Great Schism
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(1378-1417) Split in the Catholic Church with one Pope in Avignon and the other in Rome, led to questioning the authority of the Church.
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Serfs
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People who gave their land to a lord and offered their servitude in return for protection from the lord.
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Seljuk Turks
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The invasion of the Byzantine Empire by these people led to the Crusades in 1000 AD.
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Catholicism
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The system, doctrine, and practice of the Roman Catholic Church.
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Jerusalem
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A city in the Holy Land, regarded as sacred by Christians, Muslims, and Jews.
