Medical Terminology Express – Chapter 8 (Urinary System) – Flashcards
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dialysis
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mechanical filtering process used to remove metabolic wast products from blood, draw off excess fluids, and regulate body chemistry when kidneys fail to function properly
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electrolytes
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solutions that conduct electricity, such as acids, bases, and salts
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metabolism
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sum of all physical and chemical changes that take place within an organism
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pH
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symbol for the measure of hydrogen ion concentration in a solution or the acidity r alkalinity of a substance
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transurethral resection of the prostate
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surgical procedure that removes part of an enlarged prostate via an instrument inserted through the urethra
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TURP
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transurethral resection of the prostate
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cyst
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bladder
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vesic
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bladder
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glomerul
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glomerulus
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meat
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opening, meatus
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nephr
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kidney
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ren
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kidney
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pyel
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renal pelvis
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ur
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urine, urinary tract
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urin
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urine, urinary tract
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ureter
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ureter
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urethr
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urethra
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emia
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blood condition
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iasis
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abnormal condition
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lysis
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separation, destruction, loosening
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pathy
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disease
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pexy
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fixation
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ptosis
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prolapse, downward displacement
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tripsy
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crushing
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uria
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urine
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an
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without, not
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poly
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many, much
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supra
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above, excessive, superior
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azoturia
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increase of nitrogen substance, especially urea, in urine
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diuresis
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increased formation and secretion of urine
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dysuria
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painful or difficult urination, due to urinary tract conditions, such as cystitis
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edema
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abnormal accumulation of fiulds in the cells, tissues, or other parts of the bodythat may be sings of kidney failure
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end-stage renal disease (ESRD)
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kindey disease that ha advanced to the point that the kidneys can no longer filter blood and eventually requires dialysis or renal transplantation, also called chronic renal failure (CRF)
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ESRD
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end-stage renal disease
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enuresis
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involuntary discharge of urine after the age at which bladder control should be established
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hypospadias
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abnormal congenital opening of the male uretha on the undersurface of the penis
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interstitlial nephritis
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pathological changes in the renal interstitial tissue that results in destruction of nephrons and severe impairment in renal function
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nephrolithiasis
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formation of stones, or calculi, in the kidney that results when substances that are normally dissolved in the urine solidify
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renal hypertension
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high blood pressure that results from kidney disease
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uremia
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elevated level of urea and other nitrogenous waster products in the blood, also called azotemia
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urinary tract infection
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infection of the kidney, ureters, or bladder by microoganism that either ascend from the urethra or that spread to the kidney from the bloodstream
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UTI
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urinary tract infection
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Wilms tumor
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malignant neoplasm of the kidney that occurs in young children before the age of 5, signs are hypertension, a palpable mass, pain, and hematuria
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blood urea nitrogen
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lab test that measures the amount of urea in the blood and demonstrates the kidneys ablity to filter urea from the blood
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BUN
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blood urea nitrogen
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kidney, ureter, bladder
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radiographic examination to determine the location, size, shape, and possible malformation of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder
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KUB
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kidney, ureter, bladder
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pyelography
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radiographic study of the kidney, ureters, and usually the bladder after injection of a contrst agent
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intravenous pyelography
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radiographic imaging in which a contrast medium is injected intravenously and serial x-ray flims are taken to provide visuualization of the entire urinary tract
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IVP
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intravenous pyelography
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retrograde pyelography
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radiographic imaging in which a contrast medium is introduced through a cystoscope directly into the bladder and ureters to provide detailed visualization of the urinary structures and also to locate urinary tract obstruction
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RP
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retrograde pyelography
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renal scan
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nuclear medicine imaging procedure that determines renal function and shape through measurement of a radioactive substance injected intravenously that concentates in the kidney
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urinalysis
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physical chemical and microscopic analysis of urine
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UA
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urinalysis
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voiding cystourethrography
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radiography of the bladder and urethra during the process of voiding urine after filling the bladder with a contrast medium
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VCUG
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voiding cystourethrography
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catheterization
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insertion of a catheter into a body cavity or organ to install a substance or to remove fliud, most commonly though the urethra into the bladder to withdrawl urine
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cystoscopy
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insertion of a rigid or flexible cystoscopy through the urethra to examine the bladder, obtain biopsies of tumors or other growths and remove polyps
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lithotripsy
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method of removing stones that crushes them into smaller pieces so they can be expelled in urine
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extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy
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use of sound wave vibration to break up stones in the kidney
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ESWL
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extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy
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nephrolithotomy
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surgical procedure that involves a small incision in the skin and insertion of an endoscope into the kidney to remove a renal calculus
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renal transplantaion
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organ transplant of a kidney in a patient with end-stage renal disease
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antibiotics
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treat bacterial infections of the urinary tract by acting on the bacterial membrane or one of its metabolic processes
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antispasmodics
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decrease spasms in the urethra and bladder by relaxing the smooth muscles lining their walls thus allowing normal emptying of the bladder
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diuretics
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block reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys, thereby increasing the amount of salt and water excreted in the urine
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ARF
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acute renal failure
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BNO
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bladder neck obstruction
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cysto
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cystoscopy
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US
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ultrasound
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WBC
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white blood cell
