Medical Terminology Ehrlich Ch 1-8 – Flashcards
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adhesion
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Band of fibrous tissue.
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myolysis
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Degeneration of a muscle
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atonic
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Lacking normal muscle tone.
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atrophy
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Muscle weakness from lack of use
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fasciitis
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Inflammation of a fascia
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carpel tunnel syndrome
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Syndrome occurs when the tendons of the wrist become inflamed and swollen, putting pressure on the palmar nerve.
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ataxia
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Means the lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement.
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tenolysis
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The medical term meaning the release of a tendon from adhesions.
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hernia
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The protrusion of a part of a structure through the tissues normally containing it is known as a
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neuromuscular
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The medical term that means pertaining to the relationship between a nerve and a muscle.
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strain
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An injury to a joint that usually involves a stretched or torn ligament.
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ganglion
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A type of cyst that is a harmless fluid-filled swelling that occurs on the outer surface of the wrist.
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myoclonus
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The sudden, involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles is known as
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epicondylitis
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Inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow is known as
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ergonomics
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The study of human factors that affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment is known as
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myocele
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A protrusion of a muscle through a tear in the fascia surrounding it.
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Plantar Flexion
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An inflammation of the plantar fascia is
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impingement
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Syndrome that occurs when inflamed and swollen tendons are caught in the narrow space between the bones of the shoulder joint.
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myorhaphy
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The surgical suturing of a muscle is
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shin splint
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A painful condition caused by a muscle tearing away from the shin bones.
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origin
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The point at which a muscle begins is known as the
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flexion
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To bend a limb at the joint is
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plantar fexion
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To bend the foot downward at the ankle
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compartment syndrome
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A syndrome involving the compression of nerves and blood vessels due to swelling within the enclosed space created by the fascia that separate groups of muscles is known as
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spasm
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Sudden and involuntary contraction of one or more muscles is
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tendinitis
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Inflammation of the tendons caused by excessive or unusual use of the joint is
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oblique
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A muscle term meaning slanted or at an angle.
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cardioplegia
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Paralysis of the heart muscle.
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hyperextension
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The overextension of a limb or body part beyond its normal limit is known as
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fasciotomy
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A surgical incision through the fascia to relieve tension or pressure is
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Blood
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hem/o
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blood condition
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-emia
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mixture or blending
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-crasia
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heart
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cardi/o
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tachycardia
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abnormally rapid heartbeat
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bradycardia
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abnormally slow heartbeat
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arrhythmia
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abnormal heart rhythm
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angina
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episodes of severe chest pain
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cardiac arrest
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sudden cessation of the heartbeat
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thrombocytopenia
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Term meaning any blood disorder in which there are not enough platelets.
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cardiomyopathy
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Term used to describe all of the diseases of the heart muscle.
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thrombolytic
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Known as a clot-busting drug.
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varicose
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Abnormally swollen veins that usually occur in the legs.
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hemostasis
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The term meaning to stop or control bleeding.
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mycardial infarction
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is commonly known as a heart attack.
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phlebitis
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The medical term meaning inflammation of a vein.
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angioplasty
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A technique of mechanically widening a narrowed or obstructed blood vessel.
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electrocardiogram
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A record of the electrical activity of the myocardium.
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atherosclerosis
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The hardening and narrowing of the arteries caused by a buildup of cholesterol plaques is known as
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septicemia
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The systemic disease caused by the spread of bacteria via the circulating blood is known as
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hematologist
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Which specialist treats diseases and disorders of the blood and blood-forming tissues?
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plaque
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What term describes a fatty deposit on an artery wall?
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deep vein thrombosis
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Condition of having a blood clot attached to the wall of a deep vein.
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leukopenia
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Term describes a decrease in the number of disease -fighting white blood cells circulating in the blood.
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antiarrhythmic
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A medication that is administered to control irregularities of the heartbeat.
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cardiopulmonary resuscitation
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An emergency procedure for life support consisting of artificial respiration and manual external cardiac compression is known as
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myocarditis
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Inflammation of the heart muscle is
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hemochromatosis
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Also known as iron overload disease.
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sarc/o
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flesh
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-tic
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pertaining to
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tox/o
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poison
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splen/o
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spleen
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onc/o
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tumor
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sarcoma
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Malignant tumor derived from connective tissue.
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myosarcoma
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malignant tumor derived from muscle tissue
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osteosarcoma
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Malignant tumor in the upper shaft of long bones.
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metastasis
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New cancer site resulting from spreading.
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metastasize
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Process by which cancer spreads.
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immunosuppressant
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Medication that prevents or reduces the body's normal immune response.
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antibody
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Disease-fighting protein created by the immune system in response to the presence of a specific antigen.
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allergen
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A substance that produces an allergic reaction in an individual.
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cytotoxic drug
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Medication that kills or damages cells.
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carcinoma in situ
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Describes a malignant tumor in its original position that has not yet disturbed or invaded the surrounding tissues.
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aquired immunodeficiency syndrome
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Commonly known as AIDS, is the most advanced and fatal stage of an HIV infection.
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antigen
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Any substance that the body regards as being foreign.
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anaphylaxis
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Commonly known as anaphylactic shock, is a severe life-threatening response to an allergen.
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opportunistic infection
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Infection that is caused by a pathogen that normally does not cause disease unless the host is weakened by another condition.
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autoimmune disorder
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Term meaning any of a large group of diseases characterized by a condition in which the immune system produces antibodies to work against its own tissues.
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antiangiogenesis
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Form of treatment that disrupts the blood supply to the tumor.
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oncologist
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Physician who specializes in diagnosis and treatment of malignant disorders such as tumors.
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antiviral
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Medication used to treat viral infections is known as a
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lymph node
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a small, bean-shaped structure containing specialized lymphocytes that are capable of destroying pathogens.
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natural immunity
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Term meaning passive immunity.
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radical mastectomy
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Which procedure involves the surgical removal of an entire breast and many surrounding tissues.
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brachytherapy
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Is the use of radioactive materials in contact with or implanted into the tissues to be treated.
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intact skin
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Wraps the body in a physical barrier to prevent invading organisms from entering the body.
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tolerance
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Term refers to an acquired unresponsiveness to a specific antigen.
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aden/o
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gland
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adip/o
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fat
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anter/o
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front
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cephal/o
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head
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caud/o
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lower part of body
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dorsal
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back of the body or organ
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distal
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farthest from the midline
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medial
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nearer the midline
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posterior
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situated in the back
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anterior
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situated in the front
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physiology
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The study of the functions of body structures.
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midsaggital
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Also known as the midline.
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homeostasis
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The processes through which the body maintains a constant internal environment.
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adenectomy
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Surgical removal of a gland.
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medial
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Situated nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure.
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ventral
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Refers to the front or belly side of the body or organ.
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congenital
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A disorder that is an abnormal condition that exists at birth.
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adenosclerosis
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Medical term meaning the abnormal hardening of a gland.
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retroperitonal
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The term meaning located behind the peritoneum.
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peritonitis
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Inflammation of the peritoneum.
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peritoneum
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Holds the organs in place within the abdominal cavity.
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atresia
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Congenital absence of a normal body opening.
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histologist
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Specialized in the study of tissues at all levels.
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airborne
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Diseases such as the flue are spread through contact with contaminated respiratory droplets in __________ transmission.
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cytology
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The study of the anatomy, physiology, pathology, and chemistry of the cell.
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umbilical
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The area of the abdomen around the belly button is known as what region?
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superior
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The term meaning uppermost, above, or toward the head.
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epidemiologist
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A specialist in the study of outbreaks of disease within a population group.
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anatomic
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The term for the position of the body standing in the standard position.
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thoracic
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This cavity is also known as the chest cavity.
