Medical Terminology Chapter 10 Test Answers – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
acrophobia
answer
an extreme fear of being in high places
question
Alzheimer's Disease
answer
group of disorders associated with degenerative changes in brain structure leading to characteristic symptoms including progressive memory loss, impaired cognition, and personality changes
question
amnesia
answer
a disturbance in the memory marked by total or partial inability to recall past experiences
question
amobarbital
answer
a barbiturate used as a sedative and hyponotic
question
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
answer
a degenerative disease of the motor neurons in which patients become progressively weaker until they are completely paralyzed; Lou Gehrig's Disease
question
analgesic
answer
q drug that relieves pain without affecting conciousness
question
anesthesia
answer
the absence of normal sensation, especially sensitivity to pain
question
anesthesiologist
answer
a physician who specializes in administering anesthetic agents before and during surgery
question
anesthetic
answer
the medication used to induce anesthesia; may be topical, local, regional, or general
question
anesthetist
answer
a specialist other than a physician, trained in administering anesthesia
question
anxiety state
answer
a feeling of apprehension, tension, or uneasiness that stems from the anticipation of danger, the source of which is widely unknown or unrecognized
question
aphasia
answer
a condition, often due to the brain damage associated with a stroke, in where there is the loss of the ability to speak, write, or comprehend speech or spoken word
question
autistic
answer
a disorder in which a young child cannot develop normal social relationships, behaves in compulsive and ritualistic ways, and fequently has poor communication skills
question
barbiturate
answer
a class of drugs whose major action is a calming or depressed effect on the central nervous system
question
Bell's palsy
answer
paralysis of the facial nerve (seventh cranial) that causes drooping only on the affected side of the face
question
catatonic
answer
behavior marked by a lack of responsiveness, stupir, and a tendency to remain in a fixed posture
question
cerebral
answer
pertaining to the cerebrum or brain
question
cerebral palsy
answer
condition caused by a brain injury that occurs during pregnancy, at birth, or soon after birth characterized by poor muscle control and other neurologic dificiencies
question
cerebrovascular accident
answer
damage to the brain when the blood flow to the brain is disrupted because a blood vessel supplying it is blocked; stroke
question
claustrophobia
answer
an abnormal fear of bring in narrow or enclosed spaces
question
cognition
answer
the mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory
question
comatose
answer
the condition of being in a coma
question
concussion
answer
a violent shaking up or jarring of the brain
question
contusion
answer
an injury that does not break the skin and is characterized by swelling, discoloration, and pain
question
cranial hematoma
answer
a collection of blood trapped un the tissue of the brain
question
craniocele
answer
a congenital gap in the skull with herniation of brain substance; encephalocele
question
delirium
answer
a potentially reversible condition often associated with a high fever thag comes on suddenly in which the patientis confused, disoriented, and unable to think clearly
question
delirium tremens
answer
a form of acute organic brain syndrome due to alcohol withdrawal that is characterized by sweating, tremor, restlessness, anxiety, mental confusion, and hallucinations
question
delusion
answer
a false personal belief that is maintained despite obvious proof or evidence to the contrary
question
dementia
answer
a slowly progressive decline in the mental abilities including impaired memory, thinking, and judgement
question
dyslexia
answer
a learning disability characterized by reading achievement that falls substantially below that expected given the individual's chronological age, measured intelligence, and age-appropriate education
question
echoencephalography
answer
the use of the ultrasound imaging to diagnose a shift in the midline stuctures of the brain
question
electroconvulsive therapy
answer
a controlled convulsion produced by the passage of an electric current through the brain.
question
electroencephalography
answer
the process of recording the electrical activity of the brain through the use of electrodes attached to the scalp
question
empathy
answer
the ability to understand another person's mental and emotional state without becoming personally involved
question
encephalitis
answer
inflammation of the brain
question
encephalography
answer
a radiographic study demonstrating the intracranial fluid-containing spaces of the brain
question
epidural anesthesia
answer
regional anesthesia produced by injecting a local anesthetic into the epidural space
question
grand mal epilepsy
answer
more severe form, characterized by tonic-clonic seizures
question
Guillian-Barré syndrome
answer
acute ascending polyneuritis, characterized by rapidly worsening muscle weakness that may lead to temporary paralysis, may occur after infection caused by mild infection, surgery, or immunization
question
hallucination
answer
a sense perception that has no basis in external stimulaion
question
hemorrhagic
answer
blood vessel in the brain leaks or ruptures
question
hydrocephalus
answer
an abormally increased amout of cerebrospinal fluid within the brain
question
hyperesthesia
answer
a condition of excessive sensitivity to stimuli
question
hypochondriasis
answer
preoccupation with fears of having, or the idea that one had, a serious diseased basd on misinterpretation of one or more bodily signs or symptoms
question
kleptomania
answer
a personality disorder characterized by a recurrent failure to resist impulses to steal objects not for immediate use or their monetary value
question
malingering
answer
in intentional creation of false or exaggerated physical or psychological symptoms, motivated by external incentives such as avoiding work
question
meningitis
answer
inflammations of meninges of the brain or spinal cord
question
meningocele
answer
the protrusion of the membranes of the brain or spinal cord through a defect in the skill or spinal column
question
migraine headache
answer
a syndrome characterized by sudden, severe, sharp headache usually present on only one side
question
multiple sclerosis
answer
a progressive autoimmune disorder characterized by scattered patches of demyelination of nerve fibers of the brain and spinal cord
question
Munchausen syndrome
answer
"patients" make up clinically convincing simulations of disease for the purpose of gaining medical attention
question
myelitis
answer
inflammation of spinal cord
question
myelography
answer
radiographic study of the spinal cord after injection of contrast medium
question
myelosis
answer
abnormal condition of the spinal cord
question
narcissistic
answer
a pattern of an exaggerated need for admiration
question
narcolepsy
answer
a syndrome characterized by recurrent uncontrollable seizures of drowsiness
question
neurologist
answer
a medical specialist in the nervous system and the disorders affecting it
question
paresthesia
answer
an abnormal sensation, such as burning, tingling, or numbness, for no apperant reason
question
Parkinson's disease
answer
a chronic slowly progressive, degenerative, central nervous system disorder characterized by fine muscle tremors, a masklike facial expression, and shuffling gait
question
peripheral neuropathy
answer
a painful condition of the nerves of the hands and feet due to peripheral nerve damage
question
petit mal epilepsy
answer
the milder form in which there is a sudden, temporary loss of conciousness, lasting only a few seconds
question
poliomyelitis
answer
Inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord caused by a virus, commonly resulting in spinal and muscle deformity and paralysis.
question
posttraumatic stress disorder
answer
An anxiety disorder in which a person who has experienced a traumatic event has symptoms such as psychic numbing, reliving of the trauma, and increased physiological arousal.
question
psychiatrist
answer
A medical doctor who has specialized in the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders
question
psychologist
answer
A professional with an academic degree and specialized training in one or more areas of psychology.
question
pyromania
answer
A compulsion to set things on fire
question
schizophrenia
answer
A group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions.
question
sciatica
answer
Inflammation of the sciatic nerve
question
seizure
answer
A sudden change in sensation, behavior, or movement. The most severe form of seizure produces violent muscle contractions called convulsions.
question
syncope
answer
Fainting
question
tetanus
answer
An acute, life-threatening illness caused by the toxin tetanospasmin, produced in infected wounds by the bacillus Clostridium tetani .
question
thalamotomy
answer
A surgical incision into the thalamus to destroy brain cells to quiet the tremors of parkinson's disease; also used to treat intractable pain & psychosis
question
tic douloureux
answer
inflammation of the trigemial nerve characterized by sudden, intense, sharp pain on one side of the face
question
transient ischemic attack
answer
the temporary interruption in the blood supply to the brain that may be of an impending stroke
