Medical Terminology Chapter 10: Neurology (diseases, procedures, drugs, abbreviations) – Flashcards
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Amnesia
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partial or total loss of memory
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Anencephaly
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rare congenital condition in which some or all of cranium and cerebrum is missing
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Aphasia
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loss of ability to communicate verbally or in writing
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Astrocytoma
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malignant tumor originating in astrocyte in cerebrum
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Giloma
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benign or malignant tumor originating from any neurological cell
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Meningioma
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benign tumor originating in meninges
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Cephalagia
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headache
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Cerebral Palsy (CP)
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non progressive brain damage resulting from defect in fetal development or trauma at the time of birth
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Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
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development of brain infarct due to loss of blood supply to brain- "stroke"
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Coma
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unconsciousness or stupor resulting from injury or illness
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Concussion
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injury to brain resulting when brain is shaken inside skull due to impact
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Dementia
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progressive impairment of intellectual function that interferes with performing activities of daily living
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Hematoma
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localized collection of blood in the brain
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Huntington's chorea
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progressive inherited disease with dementia and spasms of face and extremities
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Hydrocephalus
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buildup of cerebrospinal fluid
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meningitis
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infection of the meninges
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migraine headache
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specific type of headache with slight sensitivity, nausea, dizziness
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Nacrolepsy
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brief involuntary episodes of falling asleep during the daytime while engaged in activity
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Parkinson's disease
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chronic disorder of nervous system with fine tremors, weakness, rigidity, shuffling gait
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syncope
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fainting
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neural tube defect
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spina bifida- abnormality in a neural tube, opening in vertebral column covered only by meninges and skin
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Radiculopathy
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slipped disk or sciatica
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Spinal cord injury (SCI)
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damage to spinal cord from trauma
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
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degeneration of motor neurons of spinal cord
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Anesthesia
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condition where sensation has been lost
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Bell's palsy
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drooping or paralysis of one side of the face due to inflammation of facial nerve
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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)
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chronic condition of repetitive motion of hand and wrist
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Hyperesthesia
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heightened awareness and sensitivity to touch
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Multiple sclerosis (MS)
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chronic progressive autoimmune disorder with antibodies made to myelin
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Neuralgia
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pain along path of nerve
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Neuritis
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inflammation of nerve
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Neurofibromatosis
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hereditary disease with fibrous tumors forming on peripheral nerves
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Neuroma
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benign tumor of nerve
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Cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) examination
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check for clarity and color
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Computed axial tomography (CAT, CT)
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procedure to use x-rays to create "slices" of image
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
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procedure that uses magnetic field and radio waves to create 'slices' of images
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Positron emission tomography (PET) scan
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procedure that used radioactive substances and glucose infected to reflect metabolism
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Electroencephalography (EEG)
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procedure to detect electrical activity of the brain
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Polysomnography
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procedure to diagnose underlying conditions that can cause sleep disruptions
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Biopsy
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procedure to remove mass
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Craniotomy
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incision into cranium
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Diskectomy
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surgical removal of all or part of a disk
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Laminectomy
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surgical removal of the lamina (flat area of arch of vertebra) to relieve pressure on dorsal roots
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ALS
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amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
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CP
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cerebral palsy
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CT (CAT)
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computed (axial) tomography
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CTS
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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
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GCS
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Glasgov Coma Scale (or Score)
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ICP
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Intracranial pressure
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LOC
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loss of consciousness
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SCI
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Spinal cord injury
