Medical Terminology Cells, Tissues & Organs – Flashcards
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ATP
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The energy compound of the call that stores energy needed for cell activities
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carbohydrate
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The category of organic compounds that includes sugars & starches
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cell
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The basic structural & functional unit of the living organism (cyt/o)
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chromosome
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A thread-like body in a cell's nucleus that contains genetic information
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cytology
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Study of cells
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cytoplasm
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The fluid that fills a cell and holds the organelles
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DNA
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The genetic compound of the cell, makes of the genes; deoxyribonucleic acid
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enzyme
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An organic substance that speeds the rate of a metabolic reaction
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gene
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A hereditary unit composted of DNA & combined with other genes to form the chromosomes
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glucose
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A simple sugar that circulates in the blood, main energy source for metabolism (gluc/o, glyc/o)
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histology
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Study of tissues
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homeostasis
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A steady state, a condition of internal stability & constancy
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lipid
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A category of organic compounds that includes fats (lip/o)
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membrane
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A simple, very thin, and pliable sheet of tissue that might cover an organ, line a cavity, or separate structures
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metabolism
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All the activities of a cell makes up
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mitosis
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Cell division
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mucus
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A thick fluid secreted by cells in membranes & glands that lubricates & protects tissues (muc/o, myx/o)
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nucleus
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The cell's control center; directs all cellular activities based on the information contained in its chromosomes (nucle/o, kary/o)
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organ
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A part of the body with a specific function, a component of the body system
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organelle
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A specialized structure in the cytoplasm of a cell
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protein
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A category of organic compounds that includes structural materials, enzymes & some hormones
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RNA
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An organic compound involved int he manufacture of proteins within cells; ribonucleic acid
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tissue
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A group of cells that acts together for a specific purpose (hist/o, histi/o)
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morph/o
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form
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cyt/o
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cell
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-cyte
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cell
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nucle/o
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nucleus
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kary/o
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nucleus
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hist/o
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tissue
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histi/o
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tissue
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fibr/o
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fiber
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reticul/o
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network
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aden/o
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gland
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papill/o
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nipple
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myx/o
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mucus
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muc/o
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mucus, mucous membrane
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somat/o
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body, small body
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-some
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body, small body
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blast/o
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immature cell, productive cell, embryonic cell
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-blast
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immature cell, productive cell, embryonic cell
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gen
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origin, formation
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phag/o
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eat, ingest
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phil
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attract, absorb
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plas
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formation, molding, development
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trop
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act on, affect
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troph/o
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feeding, growth, nourishment
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-ase
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enzyme
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-ose
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sugar
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hydr/o
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water, fluid
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gluc/o
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glucose
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glyc/o
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sugar, glucose
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sacchar/o
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sugar
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amyl/o
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starch
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lip/o
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lipid, fat
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adip/o
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fat
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steat/o
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fatty
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prote/o
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protein
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amino acids
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The nitrogen-containing compounds that make up proteins
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collagen
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A fibrous protein found in connective tissue
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cortex
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The outer region of an organ
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glycogen
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A complex sugar compound stored in liver & muscles & broken down into glucose when needed for energy
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interstitial (in-ter-STISH-al)
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Between parts, such as the spaces between cells in a tissue
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medulla
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The inner region of an organ, marrow (medulla/o)
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parenchyma (par-EN-ki-ma)
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The functional tissue of an organ
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parietal
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Pertaining to a wall, describes a membrane that lines a body cavity
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visceral
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Pertaining to the internal organs, describes a membrane on the surface of an organ
