Medical Term Exam 1 Study Guide – Flashcards
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Actinic Keratosis
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Definition: precancerous condition of the skin caused by exposure to sunlight Word root: actin- radiation kerat- hard Suffixes: -ic- pertaining to -osis- condition of Sentence: The doctor informed her patient the scaly skin on her leg was due to actinic keratosis and to avoid direct exposure of sunlight to the affected area.
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Achondroplasia
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Definition: Without cartilage formation Prefixes: a- without Word root: chondr- gristle, cartilage Combining vowel: -o- Suffixes: -plasia- formation, growth Sentence: The mother was told there was a possibility her newborn son could display signs of dwarfism due to his fathers achondroplasia.
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Autologous transfusion
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Definition: transfusion of blood donated by a patient for his or her personal use Word root: aut- self Combining vowel: -o- Suffixes: logous- pertaining to study Sentence: Jenny underwent an autologous transfusion before her surgery to prevent possible contamination.
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Basal Cell Carcinoma
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Definition: skin tumor that arises from the epidermis Word root: carcin- cancer Suffixes: -oma- tumor Sentence: Basal cell carcinoma is one of the most common forms of skin cancer and is often caused by overexposure to ultra-violet rays from the sun
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Bradykinesia
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Definition: abnormally slow movements Prefix: Brady- slow Word root: kinesi- movement Suffixes: ia- condition of Sentence: The doctor noticed his patient showed signs of bradykinesia after watching how slow his movements were.
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Chondrectomy
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Definition: surgical removal, or excision, of the cartilage associated with a joint Word root: chondr- gristle, cartilage Suffixes: ectomy- surgical excision, removal Sentence: The basketball player had a chondrectomy on his knee to remove damaged cartilage causing the athlete pain.
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Dermatoautoplasty
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Definition: surgery in which the patient's own skin is used as a graft Word root: Dermat- skin Aut- self Combining vowel: -o- -o- Suffixes: -plasty- surgical repair Sentence: After suffering severe burns, the patient underwent a dermatoautoplasty, removing skin from an unaffected area to cover the damaged area.
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Dermatoheteroplasty
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Definition: a procedure in which skin from another person is grafted onto a person's existing skin Prefix: Hetero- different Word root: Dermat- skin Combining vowel: -o- Suffixes: -plasty- surgical repair Sentence: The patient underwent a dermatoheteroplasty to replace the damaged skin on their body.
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Dermatoplasty
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Definition: surgical repair of the skin Word root: Dermat- skin Combining vowel: -o- Suffixes: -plasty- surgical repair Sentence: The patient underwent a dermatoplasty to repair damaged skin she suffered from a burn.
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Dermatology
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Definition: the medical field that specializes in the health and disease of the integumentary system Word root: Dermat- skin Combining vowel: -o- Suffixes: -logy- study or science of Sentence: The girl became interested in skin conditions which led her to study dermatology in school.
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Dyskinesia
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Definition: difficulty in movement Prefixes: Dys- bad, abnormal, painful, difficult Word root: Kines- motion Suffixes: -ia- condition of Sentence: The doctor diagnosed his patient with a musculoskeletal order after observing his dyskinesia.
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Electromyography
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Definition: a procedure that provides electrical stimulation of a muscle and records and analyzes the contractions Word root: Electr- electricity my- muscle Combining vowel: -o- -o- Suffixes: -graphy- recording process Sentence: The doctor set up an electromyography for her patient she thought might be suffering from a muscle disorder.
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Epicondylitis
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Definition: inflammation of bony elevations (epicondyles) near the elbow joint Prefixes: Epi- upon, over, above, on top Word root: -condyl- knuckle of a joint Suffixes: -itis- inflammation Sentence: The pain on the outside of her elbow led her to believe she was suffering from tennis elbow, otherwise known as lateral epicondylitis.
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Epiphyseal fracture
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Definition: a fracture involving the epiphyseal plate Prefixes: Epi- upon Word root: -phys- growth Combining vowel: -e- Suffixes: -al- pertaining to Sentence: The child suffered a epiphyseal fracture, a break of the bone along the growth plate, after he fell off the monkey bars on the playground.
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Hyperhidrosis
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Definition: condition of excessive sweat Prefixes: Hyper- excessive, abnormally high, above Word root: -hidr- sweat Suffixes: -osis- condition of Sentence: The student had to purchase prescription deodorant to combat her hyperhidrosis.
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Kaposi's sarcoma
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Definition: a form of skin cancer arising from the connective tissue of the dermis; common among people with AIDS Word root: Sarc- flesh, meat Suffixes: -oma- tumor Sentence: The doctor diagnosed his patient with kaposi's sarcoma after he observed the colored blotches on his arm and learned he was previously diagnosed with AIDS.
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Kyphosis
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Definition: a spine deformity with a posterior curve of the spine Word root: Kyph- hump Suffixes: -osis- condition of Sentence: The women suffered from a hump on her upper back which led to her diagnosis of kyphosis.
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Melanoma
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Definition: dangerous skin cancer that literally means "black tumor" Word root: Melan- black Suffixes: -oma- tumor Sentence: The doctor diagnosed her patient with melanoma after she showed her a mole on her neck that was multicolored.
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Mediastinum
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Definition: a potential space in the center of the thoracic cavity that contains the heart and surrounding structures Word root: Medi- middle Combining vowel: -a- Sentence: The student was surprised to learn his heart was inside of the mediastinum, as he was not aware the cavity existed.
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Meniscitis
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Definition: inflammation of the meniscus Word root: Menisc- meniscus Suffixes: -itis- inflammation Sentence: The athlete injured her meniscus during her game yesterday and her athletic trainer diagnosed her with meniscitis.
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Myasthenia gravisre
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Definition: literally "serious muscle weakness"; a condition caused by a progressive failure of muscles to respond to nerve stimulation Word root: My- muscle asthen- weakness Suffixes: -ia- condition of Sentence: The man was diagnosed with myasthenia gravis due to his lack of control of his voluntary skeletal muscle because of weakness.
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Myorrhaphy
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Definition: a surgical procedure that sutures the torn ends of a muscle Word root: my- muscle Combining vowel: -o- Suffixes: rrhaphy- suturing Sentence: The doctor performed a myorrhaphy to repair the tear to the muscle the athlete suffered from.
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Onychocryptosis
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Definition: a nail buried in the skin due to abnormal growth, commonly called ingrown nail Word root: Onych- nail crypt- hidden Combining vowel: -o- Suffixes: -osis- condition of Sentence: The man was suffering from a lot of pain in his toe due to his toe onychocryptosis or ingrown toenail.
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Onychomycosis
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Definition: fungal infection of one or more nails Word root: Onych- nail myc- fungus Combining vowel: -o- Suffixes: -osis- condition of Sentence: The women contracted onychomycosis in her toenail after spending time in a dirty swimming pool.
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Osteomalacia
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Definition: a gradual and painful softening of bones Word root: Oste- bone Combining vowel: -o- Suffixes: -malacia- softening Sentence: The women began suffering from osteomalacia due to her decrease of calcium in her bone tissue.
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Osteosarcoma
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Definition: bone cancer arising from connective tissue, usually within the bone itself Word root: Oste- bone sarc- flesh, meat Combining vowel: -o- Suffixes: -oma- tumor Sentence: He informed his doctor he was feeling a lot of pain in his legs who let him know it was a symptom of his osteosarcoma.
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Osteitis deformans
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Definition: a disease that results in bone deformities due to acceleration of bone loss; Paget disease Word root: Oste- bone Combining vowel: Suffixes: -itis- inflammation Sentence: The doctor tested his patient for osteitis deformans after learning her history of frequent fractures and her family history of the disease.
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Osteoplasty
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Definition: the surgical repair of bone Word root: Oste- bone Combining vowel: -o- Suffixes: plasty- surgical repair Sentence: After fracturing her arm she was told she would have to undergo an osteopathy to repair the damage.
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Petechiae
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Definition: small red dots appearing on the skin surface as a sign of a potentially serious disorder involving rupture of blood vessels Suffixes: -ia- condition of Sentence: He feared his daughter might have petechiae after noticing small red dots across her arm.
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Pruritus
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Definition: symptom of itchy skin Word root: Prurit- itching Suffixes: -us- pertaining to Sentence: The pruritus of her arm was caused by her allergy to grass.
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Rhytidectomy
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Definition: plastic surgery in which skin wrinkles are surgically removed Word root: rhytid- wrinkle Suffixes: -ectomy- surgical excision, removal Sentence: She scheduled a rhytidectomy because she felt her wrinkles were making her look older than she wanted.
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Rhytidoplasty
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Definition: the surgical repair of skin wrinkles Word root: Rhytid- wrinkle Combining vowel: -o- Suffixes: -plasty- Sentence: He called a plastic surgeon to schedule a rhytidoplasty to decrease the wrinkles embedded in the skin on his face.
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Seborrheic dermatitis
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Definition: an inherited form of skin inflammation characterized by excessive sebum production Word root: Seb- sebum, oil dermat- skin rrhea- discharge Combining vowel: -o- Suffixes: -ic- pertaining to -itis- inflammation Sentence: Her dermatologist told her the dandruff and itchiness she was experiencing was due to her seborrheic dermatitis.
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Squamos Cell Carcinoma
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Definition: skin tumor that arises from a superficial layer if the epidermis Word root: Carcin- cancer Suffixes: -oma- tumor Sentence: Abby was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma due to her overuse of tanning beds.
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Systemic lupus erythematosus
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Definition: chronic, progressive disease of connective tissue affecting the skin and many other organs commonly known as lupus Word root: eryth- redness Suffixes: -ic- pertaining to -us- pertaining to Sentence: She went to the doctor after noticing red patches on the skin of her face, fearing she may be in the beginning stages of systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Trichomycosis
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Definition: fungal infection of hair Word root: Trich- hair myc- fungus Combining vowel: -o- Suffixes: -osis- condition of Sentence: Trichomycosis is found most in the armpits causing sweat to turn yellow, it is a rare bacterial infection.
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Tenorrhaphy
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Definition: a surgery that sutures a tear in a tendon Word root: Ten- stretch, tendon Combining vowel: -o- Suffixes: rrhaphy- suturing Sentence: The athlete underwent a tenorrhaphy to repair the torn tendon in her knee.
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Tenodynia
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Definition: pain in a tendon Word root: Ten- stretch, tendon Combining vowel: -o- Suffixes: -dynia- condition of pain Sentence: The athlete suffered from tenodynia after making a sharp cut, injuring a tendon in her knee.
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Poikilocytosis
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Definition: large, irregularly shaped red blood cells Word root: Poikil- irregular cyt- cell Combining vowel: -o- Suffixes: -osis- condition of Sentence: Anemia can cause poikilocytosis.
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Polymyositis
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Definition: inflammation of many muscles simultaneously Prefixes: Poly- excessive, over, many Word root: my- muscle Combining vowel: -o- Suffixes: -itis- inflammation Sentence: Michelle feared her muscle pain and weakness could be symptoms of polymyositis.
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Sternocleidomastoid
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Definition: muscles on each side of the neck that connect the sternum, clavicle and mastoid process, assists in turning and nodding the head Word root: Stern- chest, sternum cleid- clavicle mastoid- resembling a breast Combining vowel: -o- -o- Sentence: David was unable to turn his head to the side after he injured his sternocleidomastoid.
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Staphylococcemia
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Definition: the presence of the Staphylococcus bacterium in the blood Word root: Staphylococc- Staphylococcus (a bacterium) Suffixes: -emia- condition of blood Sentence: Her doctor told her if her staph infection went untreated it could get into her blood and cause staphylococcemia
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Streptococcemia
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Definition: the presence of the Streptococcus bacterium in the blood Word root: Streptococc- Streptococcus (a bacterium) Suffixes: -emia- condition of blood Sentence: Faith knew if she did not treat her strep throat it could get into her blood stream and cause streptococcemia.
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Spondylarthritis
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Definition: inflammation of intervertebral joints Word root: Spondyl- vertebra arthr- joint Suffixes: -itis- inflammation Sentence: After she was diagnosed with spondylarthritis, it gradually became harder for her to bend her back.
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Subcutaneous
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Definition: below the skin Prefixes: Sub- under, beneath, below Word root: cutane- skin Suffixes: -ous- pertaining to Sentence: Everyday she has to administer an insulin shot into her subcutaneous tissue to regulate her blood sugar.
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Temporomandibular joint disease
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Definition: inflammation of the temporomandibular joint that results in frequent, painful dislocations Word root: Tempor- temporal bone mandibl- mandible Combining vowel: -o- Suffixes: -ar- pertaining to Sentence: He has trouble eating, as his jaw frequently dislocates due to his temporomandibular joint disease.
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Tenosynovitis
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Definition: form of tendonitis that also involves inflammation of the synovial membrane Word root: Ten- stretch, tendon synov- synovial Combining vowel: -o- Suffixes: -itis- inflammation Sentence: David was having a lot of pain and swelling in his knee which his doctor said were symptoms of tenosynovitis.
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Tenomyoplasty
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Definition: a surgical procedure involving the repair of both muscle and tendon Word root: Ten- stretch, tendon my- muscle Combining vowel: -o- -o- Suffixes: -plasty- surgical repair Sentence: The surgeon told her patient he would have to undergo a tenomyoplasty because his injury damaged his muscle and the associated tendon.
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Vertebroplasty
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Definition: a surgical procedure that repairs damaged or diseased vertebrae Word root: Vertebr- vertebra Combining vowel: -o- Suffixes: -plasty- surgical repair Sentence: After he fractured his vertebra he had a vertebroplasty to repair the damage and relieve his pain.
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Xeroderma
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Definition: condition characterized by abnormally dry skin Word root: Xer- dry derm- skin Combining vowel: -o- Suffixes: -a- singular Sentence: Angie complained to her dermatologist about her dry skin who then diagnosed her with xeroderma.
