Medical Root Words – Flashcards
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adip/o
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Meaning: fat Example: adipose
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aer/o
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Meaning: Air Example: aerobic
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alb/o
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Meaning: white Example: Albino
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albumin/o
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Meaning: albumin Example: albuminemia
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amni/o
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Meaning: amnion Example: amniotic
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amyl/o
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Meaning: starch Example: amylase
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angi/o
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Meaning: vessel Example: angiogram
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ankyl/o
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Meaning: crooked or fused Example:ankylosing
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anter/o
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Meaning: anterior/before Example: anterolateral
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aort/o
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Meaning: aorta Example: aortic
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append (ic) /o
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Meaning: appendix Example: appendicitis
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arteri/o
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Meaning: artery Example: arteriovenous
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arthr/o
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Meaning: joint Example: arthroplasty
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articul/o
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Meaning: joint Example: articulation
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atel/o
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Meaning: imperfect Example: atelectasis
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ather/o
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Meaning: yellow, fatty plaque Example: atheroma
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aur/i
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Meaning: ear Example: auricle
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bil/i
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Meaning: bile Example: biliary
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blast/o
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Meaning: embryonic form Example: blastoma
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blephar/o
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Meaning: eyelid Example: blepharitis
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brachi/o
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Meaning: arm Example: brachiocephalic
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brachy
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Meaning: short Example: brachyesophagus
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bronchi/o, bronch/o
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Meaning: windpipe Example: bronchospasm
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bucc/o
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Meaning: cheek Example: buccal
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burs/o
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Meaning: bursa Example: bursectomy
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calc/i
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Meaning: calcium Example: calcification
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calcane/o
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Meaning: heel Example: calcaneocuboid
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carcin/o
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Meaning: cancer Example: carcinoma
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cardi/o
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Meaning: heart Example: cardiomyopathy
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carp/o
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Meaning: carpus/wrist Example: carpometacarpal
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caud/o
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Meaning: tail Example: caudal
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cec/o
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Meaning: cecum Example: cecal
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cephal/o
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Meaning: head Example: cephalad
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cerebr/o
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Meaning: brain Example: cerebral
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cervic/o
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Meaning: neck Example: cervicothoracic
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chlor/o
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Meaning: green Example: chlorophyll
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chol/e
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Meaning: bile *Although 'chole' means bile, its most common usage is in the terms related to 'cholecyst' - gallbladder. Example:cholecystectomy
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cholecyst/o
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Meaning: gallbladder Example: cholecystitis
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chondr/o
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Meaning: cartilage Example: chondrocalcinosis
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chori/o
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Meaning: fetal covering Example: chorioamnionitis
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clavicul/o
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Meaning: clavicle Example: acromioclavicular
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coccyg/o
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Meaning: coccyx Example: coccygeal
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col/o
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Meaning: colon Example: colonoscopy
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colp/o
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Meaning: hollow/vagina Example: colporrhaphy
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cost/o
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Meaning: rib Example: costovertebral
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crani/o
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Meaning: cranium/skull Example: craniocervical
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cry/o
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Meaning: cold Example: cryotherapy
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crypt/o
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Meaning: hide, conceal Example: cryptogenic
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cutane/o
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Meaning: skin Example: subcutaneous
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cyan/o
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Meaning: blue Example: cyanosis
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cyst/o
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Meaning: cyst, bladder Example: cystitis
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cyt/o (-cyte)
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Meaning: cell Example: plasmacytoma
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dactyl/o
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Meaning: finger, toe Example: hexadactylism
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dent/i dent/o
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Meaning: teeth Example: dental
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derm/a dermat/o
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Meaning:skin Example: dermatitis
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dextr/o
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Meaning: right Example: dextroscoliosis
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dips/o
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Meaning: thirst Example: polydipsia
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disc/o
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Meaning: disc/disk Example: discogenic
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dist/o
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Meaning: far/distant from origin Example: distally
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dors/o
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Meaning: directed toward/on the back Example: dorsal
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duoden/o
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Meaning: duodenum Example: duodenal
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ech/o
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Meaning: sound Example: echogram
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electr/o
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Meaning: electricity Example: electrodermal
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encephal/o
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Meaning: brain Example: encephalomalacia
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enter/o
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Meaning: intestine Example: enterocolitis
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erythr/o
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Meaning: red Example: erythrocyte
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esophag/o
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Meaning: esophagus Example: esophageal
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esthesi/o
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Meaning: feeling Example: anesthesia
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femor/o
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Meaning: femur Example: femoral
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fet/o
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Meaning: fetus Example: fetal
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fibr/o
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Meaning: fiber Example: fibroma
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fibul/o
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Meaning: fibula Example: fibulotibial
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front/o
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Meaning: forehead/front Example: frontalis
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galact/o
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Meaning: milk Example: galactorrhea
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gastr/o
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Meaning: stomach Example: gastrectomy
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genit/o
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Meaning: genitals Example: genitourinary
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ger/o
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Meaning: old Example: geriatric
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glomerul/o
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Meaning: glomerulus Example: glomerulonephritis
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gloss/o
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Meaning: tongue Example: glossotonsillar
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glyc/o
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Meaning: sugar/sweet Example: hyperglycemia
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gnath/o
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Meaning: jaw Example: gnathodynia
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granul/o
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Meaning: grain/particle Example: granulocyte
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gynec/o
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Meaning: female Example: gynecology
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hem/a hem/o hemat/o
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Meaning: blood Example: hematochezia
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hepat/o
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Meaning: liver Example: hepatomegaly
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hist/o
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Meaning: tissue Example: histoplasmosis
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hom/o
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Meaning: common/same Example: homogeneous
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humer/o
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Meaning: humerus Example: humeral
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hydr/o
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Meaning: water Example: hydrometer
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hyster/o
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Meaning: uterus/womb Example: hysterosalpingogram
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ile/o
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Meaning: ileum (small intestine) Example: ileocecal
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ili/o
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Meaning: ilium (hip bone) Example: sacroiliac
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immun/o
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Meaning: immune Example: immunodeficiency
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infer/o
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Meaning: lowermost/below Example: inferior
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intestin/o
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Meaning: intestine Example: gastrointestinal
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irid/o
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Meaning: colored circle/iris Example: iridectomy
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ischi/o
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Meaning: ischium Example: ischiodynia
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jejun/o
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Meaning: jejunum Example: jejunostomy
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labi/o
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Meaning: lip Example: labial
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lacrim/o
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Meaning: tear/crying Example: lacrimal
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lact/o
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Meaning: milk Example: lactose
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lapar/o
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Meaning: flank/abdominal wall Example: laparoscope
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laryng/o
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Meaning: larynx (voice box) Example: laryngeal
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later/o
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Meaning: side Example: anterolateral
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leuc/o leuk/o
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Meaning: white Example: leukocyte
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lingu/o
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Meaning: tongue Example: lingula
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lip/o
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Meaning: fat Example: liposuction
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lith/o
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Meaning: stone Example: cholelithiasis
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lob/o
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Meaning: lobe Example: lobular
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lumb/o
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Meaning: lower back Example: lumbosacral
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lymph/o
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Meaning: lymph/lymphatics Example: lymph nodes
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mamm/o mast/o
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Meaning: breast Example: mammogram/mastectomy
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medi/o
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Meaning: middle Example: mediolateral
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melan/o
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Meaning: black Example: melanotic
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men/o
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Meaning: month Example: dysmenorrhea
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mening/o
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Meaning: membrane Example: meningocele
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metr/i
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Meaning: uterine tissue Example: endometritis
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mon/o
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Meaning: one/only Example: monoclonal
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muc/o
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Meaning: mucus Example: mucoperiosteal
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muscul/o
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Meaning: muscle Example: musculotendinous
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my/o
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Meaning: muscle Example: myometrium
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myc/o
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Meaning: fungus Example: mycosis
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myel/o
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Meaning: marrow/spinal cord Example: myeloma
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narc/o
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Meaning: sleep/numbness Example: narcolepsy
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nas/o
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Meaning: nose Example: nasopharyngeal
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ne/o
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Meaning: new Example: neoblastic
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necr/o
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Meaning: dead/corpse Example: necrosis
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nephr/o
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Meaning: kidney Example: nephrolithiasis
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neur/o
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Meaning: nerves Example: neuritis
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odont/o
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Meaning: teeth Example: odontoid
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odyn/o
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Meaning: pain/distress Example: odynophagia
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onc/o
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Meaning: bulk/tumor Example: oncology
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oophor/o
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Meaning: ovary Example: oophorosalpingitis
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ophthalm/o
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Meaning: eye Example: ophthalmology
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or/o
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Meaning: mouth Example: intraoral
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orchi/o
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Meaning: testicle Example: orchiectomy
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orth/o
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Meaning: straight Example: orthopedic
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oste/o
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Meaning: bone Example: osteopathic
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ot/o
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Meaning: ear Example: otolaryngology
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pancreat/o
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Meaning: pancreas Example: pancreatitis
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patell/o
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Meaning: patella (kneecap) Example: patellofemoral
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path/o
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Meaning: disease Example: pathologist
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pelv/i
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Meaning: pelvis Example: pelvimetry
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periton/o
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Meaning: peritoneum Example: intraperitoneal
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pharmac/o
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Meaning: drugs/medicine Example: pharmacological
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pharyng/o
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Meaning: pharynx Example: cricopharyngeal
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phleb/o
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Meaning: vein Example: phlebolith
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phon/o
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Meaning: sound/voice Example: phonation
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phot/o
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Meaning: light Example: photophobia
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phren/o
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Meaning: mind/diaphragm Example: costophrenic
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pleur/o
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Meaning: pleura Example: pleurodesis
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poster/o
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Meaning: posterior/toward back Example: posterolateral
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pneum/o
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Meaning: air/breathing/lung Example: pneumothorax
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proct/o
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Meaning: rectum/anus Example: proctitis
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prostat/o
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Meaning: prostate Example: prostatectomy
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proxim/o
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Meaning: nearest point of origin Example: proximal
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pseud/o
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Meaning: false Example: pseudarthrosis
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psych/o
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Meaning: mind Example: psychiatry
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pub/o
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Meaning: pubis Example: pubococcygeal
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pulm/o pulmon/o
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Meaning: lung Example: pulmonary
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py/o
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Meaning: pus Example: pyoid
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pyel/o
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Meaning: trough/renal pelvis Example: pyelogram
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radi/o
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Meaning: radius/radiant energy Example: radiology
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rect/o
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Meaning: rectum Example: rectal
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ren/o
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Meaning: kidneys Example: kidneys
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rhin/o
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Meaning: nose Example: rhinoplasty
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sacr/o
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Meaning: sacrum Example: lumbosacral
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salping/o
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Meaning: tube Example: salpingo-oophorectomy
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scrot/o
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Meaning: scrotum Example: scrotal
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semin/o
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Meaning: semen Example: seminal
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ser/o
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Meaning: serum Example: serosanguineous
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somat/o
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Meaning: body Example: somatization
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son/o
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Meaning: sound Example: sonogram
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spermat/o
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Meaning: seed Example: spermatocele
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sphen/o
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Meaning: wedge/sphenoid Example: sphenoethmoid
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splen/o
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Meaning: spleen Example: hepatosplenomegaly
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spondyl/o
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Meaning: vertebra Example: spondylolisthesis
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stern/o
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Meaning: sternum Example: sternocleidomastoid
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tars/o
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Meaning: ankle bone (tarsal) Example: metatarsal
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tempor/o
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Meaning: temple Example: temporomandibular
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ten/o
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Meaning: tendon/tight band Example: tenosynovitis
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therm/o
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Meaning: heat Example: thermometer
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thorac/o
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Meaning: chest Example: thoracic
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thromb/o
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Meaning: clot/thrombus Example: thrombosis
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tibi/o
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Meaning: tibia Example: tibiotalar
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tonsill/o
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Meaning: tonsil Example: tonsillectomy
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tox/o
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Meaning: poison Example: toxemia
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trache/o
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Meaning: trachea (windpipe) Example: tracheotomy
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uln/o
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Meaning: ulna Example: ulnoradial
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ur/o
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Meaning: urine Example: polyuria
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ureter/o
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Meaning: ureter Example: ureterovesical
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urethr/o
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Meaning: urethra Example: urethritis
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uter/o
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Meaning: uterus Example: uterovaginal
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vag/o
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Meaning: vagus nerve Example: vagotomy
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vas/o
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Meaning: vessel/ductus deferens Example: vasovagal
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ven/o
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Meaning: vein Example: venotomy
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ventr/o
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Meaning: ventral/belly side Example: ventral
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vertebr/o
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Meaning: vertebra Example: costovertebral
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vulv/o
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Meaning: vulva Example: vulvectomy
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xanth/o
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Meaning: yellow Example: xanthoma
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